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From April to September 2015, environmental samples were collected from four sites in Nairobi, Kenya, and processed using two collection\/concentration methodologies: BMFS (&gt; 3 L filtered) and grab sample (1 L collected; 0.5 L concentrated) with two-phase separation. BMFS and two-phase samples were analyzed for PV by the standard World Health Organization poliovirus isolation algorithm followed by intratypic differentiation. BMFS samples were also analyzed by a cell culture independent real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) and an alternative cell culture method (integrated cell culture-rRT-PCR with PLC\/PRF\/5, L20B, and BGM cell lines). Sabin polioviruses were detected in a majority of samples using BMFS (37\/42) and two-phase separation (32\/42). There was statistically more frequent detection of Sabin-like PV type 3 in samples concentrated with BMFS (22\/42) than by two-phase separation (14\/42,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.035), possibly due to greater effective volume assayed (870\u00a0mL vs. 150\u00a0mL). Despite this effective volume assayed, there was no statistical difference in Sabin-like PV type 1 and Sabin-like PV type 2 detection between these methods (9\/42 vs. 8\/42,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.80 and 27\/42 vs. 32\/42,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.18, respectively). This study demonstrated that BMFS can be used for PV environmental surveillance and established a feasible study design for future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12560-019-09412-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,2]],"date-time":"2019-11-02T12:02:54Z","timestamp":1572696174000},"page":"35-47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Feasibility of the Bag-Mediated Filtration System for Environmental Surveillance of Poliovirus in Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Nicolette A.","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine S.","family":"Fagnant-Sperati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evans","family":"Komen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benlick","family":"Mwangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johnstone","family":"Mukubi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Nyangao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnes","family":"Chepkurui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Maina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walda B.","family":"van Zyl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter N.","family":"Matsapola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Wolfaardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fhatuwani B.","family":"Ngwana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey","family":"Jeffries-Miles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Coulliette-Salmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Pe\u00f1aranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffry H.","family":"Shirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra L.","family":"Kossik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola K.","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robyn","family":"Wilmouth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S.","family":"Boyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cara C.","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maureen B.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Borus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8983-9042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John Scott","family":"Meschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"9412_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.6966","volume-title":"Bacteriophages","author":"MH Adams","year":"1959","unstructured":"Adams, M. 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