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Prot."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecium<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Pediococcus acidilactici<\/jats:italic>, as intestinal probiotics, have been proved to play a positive role in treating intestinal diseases, promoting growth and immune regulation in poultry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of compound probiotics on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, intestinal microbiome characteristics, as well as intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. Treatment diets with chlortetracycline and compound probiotics were used for two groups of sixty broilers each throughout the feeding process. Another group was fed the basal diet. The BW (2589.41\u2009\u00b1\u200913.10\u00a0g vs 2422.50\u2009\u00b1\u200919.08\u00a0g) and ADG (60.57\u2009\u00b1\u20090.31\u00a0g vs 56.60\u2009\u00b1\u20090.45\u00a0g) of the compound probiotics added feed treatment group were significantly increased, and the FCR was significantly decreased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The supplementation of a compound probiotics enhanced the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Faecalibacterium<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>norank_f_norank_o_Clostridia_vadinBB60_group<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and modulated the cecal microbiota structure, thereby promoting the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and elevating their levels (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), particularly propionic and butyric acids. Furthermore, the administration of the compound probiotics supplements significantly enhanced the villi height, V\/C ratio, and reduced the crypt depth (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In addition, the activity of digestive enzymes in the duodenum and jejunum was elevated (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Collectively, the selected compound probiotics supplemented in this experiment have demonstrated efficacy, warranting further application in practical production settings as a viable alternative to antibiotics, thereby facilitating efficient production and promoting gastrointestinal health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-024-10314-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T09:01:55Z","timestamp":1718960515000},"page":"1969-1984","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Dietary Supplementation of Compound Probiotics Improves Intestinal Health by Modulated Microbiota and Its SCFA Products as Alternatives to In-Feed Antibiotics"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Wenxing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoqi","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongfu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teng","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"10314_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8101533","volume":"8","author":"CA Fancher","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fancher CA, Zhang L, Kiess AS, Adhikari PA, Dinh TTN, Sukumaran AT (2020) Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens: challenges in no antibiotics ever broiler production and potential solutions. 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