{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T11:52:09Z","timestamp":1787313129547,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758844800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004055","name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-025-10772-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T07:44:00Z","timestamp":1758872640000},"page":"4408-4433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Purification and Identification of Antimicrobial Peptides Produced by Thermophilic Bacteria Isolated from Hot Springs"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Latifat","family":"Abdulsalam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saheed Adewale","family":"Ganiyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amjad Bajes","family":"Khalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10772_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CMI.2015.12.002","volume":"22","author":"ND Friedman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Friedman ND, Temkin E, Carmeli Y (2016) The negative impact of antibiotic resistance. Clin Microbiol Infect 22(5):416\u2013422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.CMI.2015.12.002","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"11","key":"10772_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/PH16111615","volume":"16","author":"G Muteeb","year":"2023","unstructured":"Muteeb G, Rehman MT, Shahwan M, Aatif M (2023) Origin of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, and their impacts on drug development: a narrative review. Pharmaceuticals 16(11):1615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/PH16111615","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"10772_CR3","unstructured":"\u201c2019 Antibiotic Resistance Threats Report | Antimicrobial Resistance | CDC.\u201d Accessed: Aug. 19, 2025. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/antimicrobial-resistance\/data-research\/threats\/index.html"},{"key":"10772_CR4","unstructured":"Selgelid MJ \u201cPublic health ethics analysis.\u201d. http:\/\/www.springer.com\/series\/10067"},{"key":"10772_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23040795","author":"C Manyi-Loh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Manyi-Loh C, Mamphweli S, Meyer E, Okoh A (2018) Antibiotic use in agriculture and its consequential resistance in environmental sources: potential public health implications. Molecules. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules23040795. (MDPI AG.)","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10772_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S234610","author":"P Dadgostar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dadgostar P (2019) Antimicrobial resistance: implications and costs. Infect Drug Resist. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IDR.S234610","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"10772_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00876-6","author":"IN Okeke","year":"2024","unstructured":"Okeke IN et al (2024) The scope of the antimicrobial resistance challenge. Lancet. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00876-6","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10772_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md18010051","author":"IK\u00d8 Hansen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hansen IK\u00d8 et al (2020) Isolation and characterization of antimicrobial peptides with unusual disulfide connectivity from the colonial ascidian Synoicum turgens. Mar Drugs. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/md18010051","journal-title":"Mar Drugs"},{"issue":"16","key":"10772_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000037860","volume":"103","author":"D Al-Sarar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Al-Sarar D, Moussa IM, Alhetheel A (2024) Antibiotic susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated at tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Medicine (Baltimore) 103(16):e37860. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000037860","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10772_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.25081","author":"H Ejaz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ejaz H et al (2024) The rising tide of antibiotic resistance: a study on extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Clin Lab Anal. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcla.25081","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Anal"},{"key":"10772_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17226\/26350","author":"GJ Buckley","year":"2022","unstructured":"Buckley GJ, Palmer GH (2022) Combating antimicrobial resistance and protecting the miracle of modern medicine. National Academies Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17226\/26350","journal-title":"National Academies Press"},{"key":"10772_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alkhalili R (2019) Antimicrobial potential of Geobacillus sp. ZGt-1 isolated from Zara hot spring in Jordan: piecing the puzzle of the antagonistic activity of a novel bacterial strain. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms1909.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms1909"},{"issue":"5","key":"10772_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-020-02162-w","volume":"203","author":"P Ojha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ojha P, Kar NP, Nayak S, Patra AK, Sahoo KK (2021) Isolation of a broad spectrum antimicrobial producing thermophilic Bacillus and characterization of its antimicrobial protein. Arch Microbiol 203(5):2059\u20132073. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00203-020-02162-w","journal-title":"Arch Microbiol"},{"key":"10772_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BCP.2016.11.021","volume":"134","author":"GB Mahajan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mahajan GB, Balachandran L (2017) Sources of antibiotics: hot springs. Biochem Pharmacol 134:35\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.BCP.2016.11.021","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10772_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FMICB.2024.1477458","volume":"15","author":"C Pardo-Est\u00e9","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pardo-Est\u00e9 C et al (2024) Secondary metabolites with antimicrobial activity produced by thermophilic bacteria from a high-altitude hydrothermal system. Front Microbiol 15:1477458. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/FMICB.2024.1477458. (\/BIBTEX)","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10772_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.EJMECH.2023.116072","volume":"265","author":"S Ji","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ji S et al (2024) Antimicrobial peptides: an alternative to traditional antibiotics. Eur J Med Chem 265:116072. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.EJMECH.2023.116072","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"10772_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jambio\/lxad293","author":"K Kita","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kita K, Yoshida S, Masuo S, Nakamura A, Ishikawa S, Yoshida KI (2023) Genes encoding a novel thermostable bacteriocin in the thermophilic bacterium Aeribacillus pallidus PI8. J Appl Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jambio\/lxad293","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"10772_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.047","volume":"141","author":"M Vai\u010dikauskait\u0117","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vai\u010dikauskait\u0117 M et al (2019) Geobacillin 26\u2014high molecular weight bacteriocin from a thermophilic bacterium. Int J Biol Macromol 141:333\u2013344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.047","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"10772_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1207367","author":"A Koniuchovait\u0117","year":"2023","unstructured":"Koniuchovait\u0117 A et al (2023) Novel leaderless bacteriocin geobacillin 6 from thermophilic bacterium Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius. Front Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1207367","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10772_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09065-5","author":"A Kaunietis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kaunietis A, Buivydas A, \u010citavi\u010dius DJ, Kuipers OP (2019) Heterologous biosynthesis and characterization of a glycocin from a thermophilic bacterium. Nat Commun. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-019-09065-5","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"2","key":"10772_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.7324\/JABB.2023.110224","volume":"11","author":"E Rachmawati","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rachmawati E, Asarina S, Kennardi GB, Safitri R, Subroto T, Maskoen AM (Mar.2023) Antimicrobial peptide coding gene of thermophilic bacteria isolated from crater hot spring in mountains around West Java. J Appl Biol Biotechnol 11(2):220\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7324\/JABB.2023.110224","journal-title":"J Appl Biol Biotechnol"},{"key":"10772_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Egan K, Field D, Ross RP, Cotter PD, Hill C (2018) \u201cIn silicoprediction and exploration of potential bacteriocin gene clusters within the bacterial genus geobacillus,\u201d Front Microbiol 9:409333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/FMICB.2018.02116\/BIBTEX.","DOI":"10.3389\/FMICB.2018.02116\/BIBTEX"},{"key":"10772_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Salini F, Iacumin L, Comi G, Dicks LMT (2023) \u201cThermophilin 13: in silico analysis provides new insight in genes involved in bacteriocin production,\u201d Microorganisms 11(3):611https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms11030611.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11030611"},{"issue":"1","key":"10772_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NP00027B","volume":"38","author":"M Montalb\u00e1n-L\u00f3pez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Montalb\u00e1n-L\u00f3pez M et al (2021) New developments in RiPP discovery, enzymology and engineering. Nat Prod Rep 38(1):130\u2013239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D0NP00027B","journal-title":"Nat Prod Rep"},{"issue":"W1","key":"10772_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W29","DOI":"10.1093\/NAR\/GKAB335","volume":"49","author":"K Blin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Blin K et al (2021) AntiSMASH 6.0: improving cluster detection and comparison capabilities. Nucleic Acids Res 49(W1):W29\u2013W35. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/NAR\/GKAB335","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10772_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/5862437","volume":"2018","author":"AB Khalil","year":"2018","unstructured":"Khalil AB, Sivakumar N, Arslan M, Saleem H, Qarawi S (2018) Insights into Brevibacillus borstelensis AK1 through whole genome sequencing: a thermophilic bacterium isolated from a hot spring in Saudi Arabia. BioMed Res Int 2018:5862437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/5862437","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"10772_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00604","DOI":"10.1128\/genome.00604-15","volume":"3","author":"A Khalil","year":"2015","unstructured":"Khalil A, Sivakumar N, Qarawi S (2015) Genome sequence of Anoxybacillus flavithermus strain AK1, a thermophile isolated from a hot spring in Saudi Arabia. Genome Announc 3(3):e00604-e615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/genome.00604-15","journal-title":"Genome Announc"},{"key":"10772_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17081363","author":"RN Alkhalili","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alkhalili RN et al (2016) Antimicrobial protein candidates from the thermophilic Geobacillus sp. strain ZGt-1: production, proteomics, and bioinformatics analysis. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms17081363","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10772_CR29","unstructured":"Rastilantie M and Khalil A (2011) \u201cWFL Publisher Science and Technology Screening and characterization of thermophilic bacteria (lipase, cellulase and amylase producers) from hot springs in Saudi Arabia,\u201d www.world-food.net"},{"key":"10772_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12040834","author":"Z Rafiee","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rafiee Z, Jalili Tabaii M, Moradi M, Harirchi S (2024) Unveiling antibacterial potential and physiological characteristics of thermophilic bacteria isolated from a hot spring in Iran. Microorganisms. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms12040834","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"3","key":"10772_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/MBO3.1411","volume":"13","author":"C Kenneally","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kenneally C, Murphy CP, Sleator RD, Culligan EP (2024) Turbidimetric bioassays: a solution to antimicrobial activity detection in asymptomatic bacteriuria isolates against uropathogenic Escherichia coli. Microbiolopen 13(3):e1411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/MBO3.1411","journal-title":"Microbiolopen"},{"key":"10772_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2022.103995","author":"BS da Silva","year":"2023","unstructured":"da Silva BS, D\u00edaz-Roa A, Yamane ES, Hayashi MAF, Silva Junior PI (2023) Doderlin: isolation and characterization of a broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide from Lactobacillus acidophilus. Res Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resmic.2022.103995","journal-title":"Res Microbiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10772_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2018.05.019","volume":"26","author":"ASA Al-Thubiani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Al-Thubiani ASA et al (2018) Identification and characterization of a novel antimicrobial peptide compound produced by Bacillus megaterium strain isolated from oral microflora. Saudi Pharm J 26(8):1089\u20131097. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsps.2018.05.019","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm J"},{"key":"10772_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13205-020-2109-6","author":"JJ Ahire","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ahire JJ, Kashikar MS, Lakshmi SG, Madempudi R (2020) Identification and characterization of antimicrobial peptide produced by indigenously isolated Bacillus paralicheniformis UBBLi30 strain. 3 Biotech. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13205-020-2109-6","journal-title":"3 Biotech"},{"key":"10772_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/NAR\/GKY383","volume":"46","author":"AJ Van Heel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Van Heel AJ, De Jong A, Song C, Viel JH, Kok J, Kuipers OP (2018) BAGEL4: a user-friendly web server to thoroughly mine RiPPs and bacteriocins. Nucleic Acids Res 46:W278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/NAR\/GKY383","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10772_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02784-23","author":"N Qi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qi N, Zhan X, Milmine J, Chang K-H, Li J (2024) A novel thermophilic strain of Bacillus subtilis with antimicrobial activity and its potential application in solid-state fermentation of soybean meal. Microbiol Spectr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/spectrum.02784-23","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"10772_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2013.11.031","volume":"64","author":"I Trabelsi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Trabelsi I, Ayadi D, Bejar W, Bejar S, Chouayekh H, Salah RB (2014) Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum immobilization in alginate coated with chitosan and gelatin on antibacterial activity. Int J Biol Macromol 64:84\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2013.11.031","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"10772_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.15.1.126","author":"Y Morikawa","year":"1979","unstructured":"Morikawa Y, Ochiai K, Karube I, Suzuki S (1979) Bacitracin production by whole cells immobilized in polyacrylamide gel. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AAC.15.1.126","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"6","key":"10772_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2007.972.976","volume":"10","author":"HO Haddar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Haddar HO, Aziz GM, Al-Gelawi MH (2007) Optimization of bacitracin production by Bacillus licheniformis B5. Pak J Biol Sci 10(6):972\u2013976. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3923\/pjbs.2007.972.976","journal-title":"Pak J Biol Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10772_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5355","DOI":"10.1021\/jf9803987","volume":"46","author":"J Bechard","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bechard J, Eastwell KC, Sholberg PL, Mazza G, Skura B (1998) Isolation and partial chemical characterization of an antimicrobial peptide produced by a strain of Bacillus subtilis. J Agric Food Chem 46(12):5355\u20135361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jf9803987","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"10772_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.SAA.2023.122919","volume":"301","author":"KA Kristoffersen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kristoffersen KA et al (2023) FTIR-based prediction of collagen content in hydrolyzed protein samples. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 301:122919. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.SAA.2023.122919","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc"},{"key":"10772_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.SAA.2025.126256","volume":"339","author":"A Yadav","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yadav A et al (2025) Deciphering solid state photostability of polymyxin B using deconvolution based FTIR insights. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 339:126256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.SAA.2025.126256","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10772_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2009.01749.x","volume":"299","author":"H Lee","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lee H, Churey JJ, Worobo RW (2009) Biosynthesis and transcriptional analysis of thurincin H, a tandem repeated bacteriocin genetic locus, produced by Bacillus thuringiensis SF361. FEMS Microbiol Lett 299(2):205\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2009.01749.x","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"issue":"4","key":"10772_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/S00284-011-0074-3","volume":"64","author":"R Aunpad","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aunpad R, Panbangred W (2012) Evidence for two putative holin-like peptides encoding genes of Bacillus pumilus strain WAPB4. Curr Microbiol 64(4):343\u2013348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00284-011-0074-3","journal-title":"Curr Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10772_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.7164\/ANTIBIOTICS.47.595","volume":"47","author":"S Chatterjee","year":"1994","unstructured":"Chatterjee S et al (1994) Napsamycins, new Pseudomonas active antibiotics of the mureidomycin family from Streptomyces sp. HIL Y-82, 11372. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 47(5):595\u2013598. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7164\/ANTIBIOTICS.47.595","journal-title":"J Antibiot (Tokyo)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10772_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1002\/CBIC.201000460","volume":"12","author":"L Kaysser","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kaysser L et al (2011) Identification of a napsamycin biosynthesis gene cluster by genome mining. Chembiochem 12(3):477\u2013487. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/CBIC.201000460","journal-title":"Chembiochem"},{"issue":"5","key":"10772_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1021\/ACSCHEMBIO.7B01048\/SUPPL_FILE\/CB7B01048_SI_001.PDF","volume":"13","author":"A Kust","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kust A et al (May2018) Discovery of a pederin family compound in a nonsymbiotic bloom-forming cyanobacterium. ACS Chem Biol 13(5):1123\u20131129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ACSCHEMBIO.7B01048\/SUPPL_FILE\/CB7B01048_SI_001.PDF","journal-title":"ACS Chem Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10772_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4115","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-8029","volume":"97","author":"G Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang G, Manns DC, Churey JJ, Worobo RW (2014) Short communication: naturally sensitive Bacillus thuringiensis EG10368 produces thurincin H and acquires immunity after heterologous expression of the one-step-amplified thurincin H gene cluster. J Dairy Sci 97(7):4115\u20134119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2014-8029","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"10772_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2667","DOI":"10.1529\/BIOPHYSJ.107.114090","volume":"94","author":"M Deleu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Deleu M, Paquot M, Nylander T (2008) Effect of fengycin, a lipopeptide produced by Bacillus subtilis, on model biomembranes. Biophys J 94(7):2667\u20132679. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1529\/BIOPHYSJ.107.114090","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"10772_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FMICB.2023.1150217","volume":"14","author":"T Ahmad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ahmad T et al (2023) Biocontrol potential of lipopeptides produced by the novel Bacillus subtilis strain Y17B against postharvest Alternaria fruit rot of cherry. Front Microbiol 14:1150217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/FMICB.2023.1150217","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10772_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/J.PROCBIO.2016.01.008","volume":"51","author":"AY Yoo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yoo AY, Alnaeeli M, Park JK (Apr.2016) Production control and characterization of antibacterial carotenoids from the yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa AY-01. Process Biochem 51(4):463\u2013473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.PROCBIO.2016.01.008","journal-title":"Process Biochem"},{"key":"10772_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/J.WASMAN.2018.10.017","volume":"82","author":"MD Moreira","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moreira MD, Melo MM, Coimbra JM, dos Reis KC, Schwan RF, Silva CF (2018) Solid coffee waste as alternative to produce carotenoids with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Waste Manag 82:93\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.WASMAN.2018.10.017","journal-title":"Waste Manag"},{"key":"10772_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pep2.24305","author":"JC Espeche","year":"2024","unstructured":"Espeche JC, Varas R, Maturana P, Cutro AC, Maff\u00eda PC, Hollmann A (2024) Membrane permeability and antimicrobial peptides: much more than just making a hole. Peptide Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pep2.24305","journal-title":"Peptide Sci"},{"key":"10772_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sugimurat K and Nishihara T (1988) \u201cPurification, characterization, and primary structure of Escherichia coli Protease VII with specificity for paired basic residues: identity of Protease VII and OmpT,\u201d. https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/journal\/jb","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.170.12.5625-5632.1988"},{"key":"10772_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12071259","author":"AQL Tajer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tajer AQL, Paillart JC, Dib H, Sabatier JM, Fajloun Z, Abi Khattar Z (2024) Molecular mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial peptides in the modern era: an updated review. Microorganisms. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms12071259","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10772_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00168.x","author":"GJ Boulnoisl","year":"1989","unstructured":"Boulnoisl GJ, Jann K (1989) Bacterial polysaccharide capsule synthesis, export and evolution of structural diversity. Mol Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00168.x","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10772_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3877","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2008\/022301-0","volume":"154","author":"E Llobet","year":"2008","unstructured":"Llobet E, Tom\u00e1s JM, Bengoechea JA (2008) Capsule polysaccharide is a bacterial decoy for antimicrobial peptides. Microbiology (N Y) 154(12):3877\u20133886. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/mic.0.2008\/022301-0","journal-title":"Microbiology (N Y)"},{"issue":"39","key":"10772_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2943","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biochem.1c00287","volume":"60","author":"T Shprung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shprung T et al (2021) Opposing effects of PhoPQ and PmrAB on the properties of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium: implications on resistance to antimicrobial peptides. Biochemistry 60(39):2943\u20132955. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.biochem.1c00287","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10772_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032005","author":"G Necula","year":"2023","unstructured":"Necula G, Bacalum M, Radu M (2023) Interaction of tryptophan- and arginine-rich antimicrobial peptide with E. coli outer membrane\u2014a molecular simulation approach. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24032005","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10772_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2024.131049","author":"L Guo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guo L, Xi B, Lu L (2024) Strategies to enhance production of metabolites in microbial co-culture systems. Bioresour Technol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biortech.2024.131049","journal-title":"Bioresour Technol"},{"key":"10772_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Trobo-Maseda L, Orrego AH, Romero-Fern\u00e1ndez M, Guisan JM, Rocha-Mart\u00edn J (2020) Immobilization of enzymes on hetero-functional supports: physical adsorption plus additional covalent immobilization. vol. 2100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-0716-0215-7_10.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-0215-7_10"},{"key":"10772_CR62","unstructured":"Shah MM, Awais M, Pervez A, Yaqub A, Shah MM (2010) \u201cProduction of antimicrobial metabolites by Bacillus subtilis immobilized in polyacrylamide gel,\u201d. https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/215522670"},{"key":"10772_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.0c01867","author":"J Lu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lu J et al (2020) Application of cell immobilization technology in microbial cocultivation systems for biochemicals production. Ind Eng Chem Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.iecr.0c01867","journal-title":"Ind Eng Chem Res"},{"key":"10772_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microb.2024.100100","volume":"4","author":"S Kunjiraman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kunjiraman S, Singh ISB, Sarasan M, Puthumana J (2024) Immobilized microbial consortia: an eco-friendly and sustainable solution for aquaculture waste management. The Microbe 4:100100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.microb.2024.100100","journal-title":"The Microbe"},{"key":"10772_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wer.10968","author":"N Nazari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nazari N, Jookar Kashi F, Nazari N (2024) Improved application of immobilized Enterobacter cloacae into a bio-based polymer for Reactive Blue 19 removal, an eco-friendly advancement in potential decolorizing systems. Water Environ Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wer.10968","journal-title":"Water Environ Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10772_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1002\/bbb.2630","volume":"18","author":"MM Ashraf","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ashraf MM, Sohail M, Abideen Z, Ali ST, Alanazi AK (2024) Immobilization of an endophytic Bacillus sp. on Phragmites karka stem for lipase production in the presence of Cassia fistula seeds. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 18(5):1396\u20131410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bbb.2630","journal-title":"Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin"},{"key":"10772_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hansen SK, Jamali B, Rgen Hubbuch J (2013) \u201cARTICLE selective high throughput protein quantification based on UV absorption spectra,\u201d. Biotechnol. Bioeng, 110:448\u2013460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bit.24712\/abstract.","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.24712\/abstract"},{"issue":"15","key":"10772_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4457","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-022-03910-1","volume":"414","author":"K Reinmuth-Selzle","year":"2022","unstructured":"Reinmuth-Selzle K et al (2022) Determination of the protein content of complex samples by aromatic amino acid analysis, liquid chromatography-UV absorbance, and colorimetry. Anal Bioanal Chem 414(15):4457\u20134470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00216-022-03910-1","journal-title":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},{"key":"10772_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.btre.2015.09.003","volume":"8","author":"SA Muhammad","year":"2015","unstructured":"Muhammad SA, Ahmed S (2015) Production and characterization of a new antibacterial peptide obtained from Aeribacillus pallidus SAT4. Biotechnol Rep 8:72\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.btre.2015.09.003","journal-title":"Biotechnol Rep"},{"key":"10772_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2024.06.033","volume":"146","author":"Y Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang Y, He Y, Zhang H, Ma X (2024) Purification and characterization of lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilis and their antibacterial effects on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Process Biochem 146:44\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.procbio.2024.06.033","journal-title":"Process Biochem"},{"issue":"8","key":"10772_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7270.2007.00320.x","volume":"39","author":"J Kong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kong J, Yu S (2007) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis of protein secondary structures. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin 39(8):549\u2013559. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1745-7270.2007.00320.x","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Biophys Sin"}],"container-title":["Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12602-025-10772-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12602-025-10772-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12602-025-10772-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T08:57:34Z","timestamp":1778749054000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12602-025-10772-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10772"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12602-025-10772-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1867-1306","1867-1314"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1867-1306","type":"print"},{"value":"1867-1314","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 September 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Institutional Review Board Statement"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}}]}}