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As expected, ATB treatment reduced microbiota diversity, which was partially restored by EcO83 supplementation. Furthermore, ATB administration affected the expression of tight junction proteins in the small intestine, an effect reversed by EcO83 treatment. Notably, our data indicate that ATB-induced dysbiosis accelerates neutrophil aging and reduces the release of neutrophils from the bone marrow. EcO83 supplementation counteracts these effects by promoting the influx of newly generated neutrophils into circulation. Overall, our findings confirm that ATB treatment disrupts gut microbiota homeostasis, adversely affecting immune function, including neutrophil turnover. However, probiotic supplementation with EcO83 can at least partially restore microbiome composition and immune homeostasis, highlighting its potential therapeutic application in mitigating ATB-induced dysbiosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-025-10814-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T21:37:10Z","timestamp":1763588230000},"page":"5673-5687","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Ability of Probiotic Strain Escherichia coli O83:K24:H31 to Modulate Gut Homeostasis and Immune Function After Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Eli\u0161ka","family":"Mikov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eli\u0161ka","family":"Kr\u010dm\u00e1\u0159ov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktor","family":"\u010cern\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydie","family":"Sklen\u00e1\u0159ov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavla","family":"Avramov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eli\u0161ka","family":"Protivov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbora","family":"Slun\u00e9\u010dkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"V\u011bcek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Proch\u00e1zka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Kubik-Zahorodna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Petr\u00e1skov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Novotn\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Pelantov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Kuzma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irma","family":"Schabussova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji\u0159\u00ed","family":"Hrd\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"24","key":"10814_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.572912","volume":"10","author":"J Ramirez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ramirez J, Guarner F, Bustos Fernandez L, Maruy A, Sdepanian VL, Cohen H (2020) Antibiotics as major disruptors of gut microbiota. 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