{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T16:56:07Z","timestamp":1782924967551,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25K18346"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25K18346"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23H00354"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23H00354"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Toyo Institute of Food Technology (TiFT) funding","award":["2025-c3004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-c3004"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"AMED","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["JP21zf0127001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21zf0127001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Project of the Bio-Oriented Technology Research Advancement Institution","award":["JPJ007097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPJ007097"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot."],"DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-026-11047-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T16:27:15Z","timestamp":1782923235000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Postbiotics From Ligilactobacillus salivarius Enhance Mitochondrial Robustness Via TLR2 Signaling in Intestinal Macrophages"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Nozomi","family":"Hariu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fu","family":"Namai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciano","family":"Arellano-Arriagada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takato","family":"Takenouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Shinkai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gong","family":"Weichen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keita","family":"Nishiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Villena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirohide","family":"Uenishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruki","family":"Kitazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"11047_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00481-x","volume":"18","author":"S Salminen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Salminen S, Collado MC, Endo A, Hill C, Lebeer S, Quigley EMM, Sanders ME, Shamir R, Swann JR, Szajewska H, Vinderola G (2021) Publisher Correction: The International Scientific Association of Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of postbiotics. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 18(9):671. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-021-00481-x","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"11047_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649599","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.649599","volume":"12","author":"S Hashimoto-Hill","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hashimoto-Hill S, Alenghat T (2021) Inflammation-Associated Microbiota Composition Across Domestic Animals. Front Genet 12:649599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fgene.2021.649599","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"11047_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2018.00090","volume":"5","author":"W Ikeda-Ohtsubo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ikeda-Ohtsubo W, Brugman S, Warden CH, Rebel JMJ, Folkerts G, Pieterse CMJ (2018) How Can We Define Optimal Microbiota? A Comparative Review of Structure and Functions of Microbiota of Animals, Fish, and Plants in Agriculture. Front Nutr 5:90. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2018.00090","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"11047_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1801944","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2020.1801944","volume":"12","author":"T Feng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Feng T, Wang J (2020) Oxidative stress tolerance and antioxidant capacity of lactic acid bacteria as probiotic: a systematic review. Gut Microbes 12(1):1801944. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19490976.2020.1801944","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"6","key":"11047_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4112","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.15504","volume":"132","author":"V Singh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Singh V, Ahlawat S, Mohan H, Gill SS, Sharma KK (2022) Balancing reactive oxygen species generation by rebooting gut microbiota. J Appl Microbiol 132(6):4112\u20134129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jam.15504","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"11047_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yamazaki T, Yamada S, Ohshio K, Sugamata M, Morita Y (2022) Lactobacillus paracasei KW3110 prevents inflammatory-stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in mouse macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 23(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23031443","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031443"},{"issue":"2","key":"11047_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-012-4241-7","volume":"97","author":"A Amaretti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Amaretti A, M di Nunzio A, Pompei S, Raimondi M, Rossi, Bordoni A (2013) Antioxidant properties of potentially probiotic bacteria: in vitro and in vivo activities. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 97(2):809\u2013817. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00253-012-4241-7","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"issue":"3","key":"11047_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0192978","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0192978","volume":"13","author":"R Dowarah","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dowarah R, Verma AK, Agarwal N, Singh P, Singh BR (2018) Selection and characterization of probiotic lactic acid bacteria and its impact on growth, nutrient digestibility, health and antioxidant status in weaned piglets. PLoS ONE 13(3):e0192978. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0192978","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"11047_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S19","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2859-10-S1-S19","volume":"1","author":"S Mills","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mills S, Stanton C, Fitzgerald GF, Ross RP (2011) Enhancing the stress responses of probiotics for a lifestyle from gut to product and back again. Microb Cell Fact 10 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1475-2859-10-S1-S19","journal-title":"Microb Cell Fact 10 Suppl"},{"issue":"7","key":"11047_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2328","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-022-10377-1","volume":"18","author":"A Nath","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nath A, Chakrabarti P, Sen S, Barui A (2022) Reactive Oxygen Species in Modulating Intestinal Stem Cell Dynamics and Function. Stem Cell Rev Rep 18(7):2328\u20132350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12015-022-10377-1","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rev Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"11047_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-023-01070-5","volume":"20","author":"P Gu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gu P, Liu R, Yang Q, Xie L, Wei R, Li J, Mei F, Chen T, Zeng Z, He Y, Zhou H, Peng H, Nandakumar KS, Chu H, Jiang Y, Gong W, Chen Y, Schnabl B, Chen P (2023) A metabolite from commensal Candida albicans enhances the bactericidal activity of macrophages and protects against sepsis. Cell Mol Immunol 20(10):1156\u20131170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41423-023-01070-5","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"11047_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.09.017","volume":"49","author":"I Iatsenko","year":"2018","unstructured":"Iatsenko I, Boquete JP, Lemaitre B (2018) Microbiota-Derived Lactate Activates Production of Reactive Oxygen Species by the Intestinal NADPH Oxidase Nox and Shortens Drosophila Lifespan. Immunity 49(5):929\u2013942e5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.09.017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"5","key":"11047_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2024.119711","volume":"1871","author":"S Jin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jin S, Xu H, Yang C, and K O (2024) Regulation of oxidative stress in the intestine of piglets after enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 1871(5):119711. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2024.119711","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"11047_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2024.07.028","volume":"32","author":"P Guo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guo P, Wang W, Xiang Q, Pan C, Qiu Y, Li T, Wang D, Ouyang J, Jia R, Shi M, Wang Y, Li J, Zou J, Zhong Y, Zhao J, Zheng D, Cui Y, Ma G, Wei W (2024) Engineered probiotic ameliorates ulcerative colitis by restoring gut microbiota and redox homeostasis. Cell Host Microbe 32(9):1502\u20131518e9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2024.07.028","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"4","key":"11047_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114067","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.114067","volume":"43","author":"D Tian","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tian D, Cui M, Han M (2024) Bacterial muropeptides promote OXPHOS and suppress mitochondrial stress in mammals. Cell Rep 43(4):114067. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.114067","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"11047_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919077","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.919077","volume":"9","author":"T Takenouchi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Takenouchi T, Masujin K, Miyazaki A, Suzuki S, Takagi M, Kokuho T, Uenishi H (2022) Isolation and immortalization of macrophages derived from fetal porcine small intestine and their susceptibility to porcine viral pathogen infections. Front Vet Sci 9:919077. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2022.919077","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"11047_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Masumizu Y, Zhou B, Kober A, Islam MA, Iida H, Ikeda-Ohtsubo W, Suda Y, Albarracin L, Nochi T, Aso H, Suzuki K, Villena J, Kitazawa H (2019) Isolation and Immunocharacterization of Lactobacillus salivarius from the intestine of wakame-fed pigs to develop novel immunosynbiotics. Microorganisms 7(6). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms7060167","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7060167"},{"issue":"17","key":"11047_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5455","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1422576112","volume":"112","author":"P Mistry","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mistry P, Laird MH, Schwarz RS, Greene S, Dyson T, Snyder GA, Xiao TS, Chauhan J, Fletcher S, Toshchakov VY, MacKerell AD Jr., Vogel SN (2015) Inhibition of TLR2 signaling by small molecule inhibitors targeting a pocket within the TLR2 TIR domain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112(17):5455\u20135460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1422576112","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"4","key":"11047_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2011.1319","volume":"31","author":"H Shinkai","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shinkai H, Okumura N, Suzuki R, Muneta Y, Uenishi H (2012) Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphism impairing lipopolysaccharide signaling in Sus scrofa, and its restricted distribution among Japanese wild boar populations. DNA Cell Biol 31(4):575\u2013581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/dna.2011.1319","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"11047_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2011.02.004","volume":"48","author":"H Shinkai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shinkai H, Suzuki R, Akiba M, Okumura N, Uenishi H (2011) Porcine Toll-like receptors: recognition of Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis and influence of polymorphisms. Mol Immunol 48(9\u201310):1114\u20131120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molimm.2011.02.004","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"11047_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2728(84)90086-0","volume":"767","author":"A Alexandre","year":"1984","unstructured":"Alexandre A, Lehninger AL (1984) Bypasses of the antimycin a block of mitochondrial electron transport in relation to ubisemiquinone function. Biochim Biophys Acta 767(1):120\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0005-2728(84)90086-0","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"issue":"2","key":"11047_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-013-1099-4","volume":"140","author":"S Karnati","year":"2013","unstructured":"Karnati S, Luers G, Pfreimer S, Baumgart-Vogt E (2013) Mammalian SOD2 is exclusively located in mitochondria and not present in peroxisomes. Histochem Cell Biol 140(2):105\u2013117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00418-013-1099-4","journal-title":"Histochem Cell Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"11047_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2011.3999","volume":"15","author":"T Fukai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fukai T, Ushio-Fukai M (2011) Superoxide dismutases: role in redox signaling, vascular function, and diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 15(6):1583\u20131606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/ars.2011.3999","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"issue":"3","key":"11047_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1312","volume":"4","author":"JD Lambeth","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lambeth JD (2004) NOX enzymes and the biology of reactive oxygen. Nat Rev Immunol 4(3):181\u2013189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri1312","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"11047_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-020-03355-3","volume":"12","author":"YM Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee YM, He W, Liou YC (2021) The redox language in neurodegenerative diseases: oxidative post-translational modifications by hydrogen peroxide. Cell Death Dis 12(1):58. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41419-020-03355-3","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"11047_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-022-00591-z","volume":"4","author":"MP Murphy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Murphy MP, Bayir H, Belousov V, Chang CJ, Davies KJA, Davies MJ, Dick TP, Finkel T, Forman HJ, Janssen-Heininger Y, Gems D, Kagan VE, Kalyanaraman B, Larsson NG, Milne GL, Nystrom T, Poulsen HE, Radi R, Van Remmen H, Schumacker PT, Thornalley PJ, Toyokuni S, Winterbourn CC, Yin H, Halliwell B (2022) Guidelines for measuring reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage in cells and in vivo. Nat Metab 4(6):651\u2013662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42255-022-00591-z","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"11047_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20081386","volume":"417","author":"MP Murphy","year":"2009","unstructured":"Murphy MP (2009) How mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species. Biochem J 417(1):1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/BJ20081386","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"issue":"6","key":"11047_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201708007","volume":"217","author":"Y Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang Y, Branicky R, Noe A, Hekimi S (2018) Superoxide dismutases: Dual roles in controlling ROS damage and regulating ROS signaling. J Cell Biol 217(6):1915\u20131928. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.201708007","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"11047_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147414","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1147414","volume":"14","author":"J Pei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pei J, Pan X, Wei G, Hua Y (2023) Research progress of glutathione peroxidase family (GPX) in redoxidation. Front Pharmacol 14:1147414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2023.1147414","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"11047_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-023-02907-z","volume":"43","author":"FR Palma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Palma FR, Gantner BN, Sakiyama MJ, Kayzuka C, Shukla S, Lacchini R, Cunniff B, Bonini MG (2024) ROS production by mitochondria: function or dysfunction? Oncogene 43(5):295\u2013303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41388-023-02907-z","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"7","key":"11047_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-0230-3","volume":"21","author":"H Sies","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sies H, Jones DP (2020) Reactive oxygen species (ROS) as pleiotropic physiological signalling agents. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 21(7):363\u2013383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41580-020-0230-3","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"11047_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2012-5796","volume":"91","author":"CH Hu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hu CH, Xiao K, Luan ZS, Song J (2013) Early weaning increases intestinal permeability, alters expression of cytokine and tight junction proteins, and activates mitogen-activated protein kinases in pigs. J Anim Sci 91(3):1094\u20131101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2527\/jas.2012-5796","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"11047_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-025-01390-y","volume":"7","author":"D Barnett","year":"2025","unstructured":"Barnett D, Zimmer TS, Booraem C, Palaguachi F, Meadows SM, Xiao H, Wong MY, Luo W, Gan L, Chouchani ET, Orr AG, Orr AL (2025) Mitochondrial complex III-derived ROS amplify immunometabolic changes in astrocytes and promote dementia pathology. Nat Metab 7(11):2300\u20132323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42255-025-01390-y","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"11047_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2015.3276","volume":"48","author":"WH Park","year":"2016","unstructured":"Park WH, You BR (2016) Antimycin A induces death of the human pulmonary fibroblast cells via ROS increase and GSH depletion. Int J Oncol 48(2):813\u2013820. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ijo.2015.3276","journal-title":"Int J Oncol"},{"issue":"21","key":"11047_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2009.10.013","volume":"583","author":"NA Belikova","year":"2009","unstructured":"Belikova NA, Glumac A, Rafikov R, Jiang J, Greenberger JS, Kagan VE, Bayir H (2009) Radioprotection by short-term oxidative preconditioning: role of manganese superoxide dismutase. FEBS Lett 583(21):3437\u20133442. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.febslet.2009.10.013","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"11047_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00044.2005","volume":"87","author":"K Bedard","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bedard K, Krause KH (2007) The NOX family of ROS-generating NADPH oxidases: physiology and pathophysiology. Physiol Rev 87(1):245\u2013313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00044.2005","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"11047_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-008-0120-9","volume":"30","author":"E Ogier-Denis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ogier-Denis E, Mkaddem SB, Vandewalle A (2008) NOX enzymes and Toll-like receptor signaling. Semin Immunopathol 30(3):291\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00281-008-0120-9","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol"},{"key":"11047_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107774","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.107774","volume":"96","author":"Q Zeng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zeng Q, Ye L, Ling M, Ma R, Li J, Chen H, Pan L (2021) TLR4\/TRAF6\/NOX2 signaling pathway is involved in ventilation-induced lung injury via endoplasmic reticulum stress in murine model. Int Immunopharmacol 96:107774. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.107774","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"7344","key":"11047_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09973","volume":"472","author":"AP West","year":"2011","unstructured":"West AP, Brodsky IE, Rahner C, Woo DK, Erdjument-Bromage H, Tempst P, Walsh MC, Choi Y, Shadel GS, Ghosh S (2011) TLR signalling augments macrophage bactericidal activity through mitochondrial ROS. Nature 472(7344):476\u2013480. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature09973","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"12","key":"11047_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3056","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32060","volume":"144","author":"YD Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu YD, Yu L, Ying L, Balic J, Gao H, Deng NT, West A, Yan F, Ji CB, Gough D, Tan P, Jenkins BJ, Li JK (2019) Toll-like receptor 2 regulates metabolic reprogramming in gastric cancer via superoxide dismutase 2. Int J Cancer 144(12):3056\u20133069. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.32060","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"11047_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652923","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.652923","volume":"12","author":"Y Indo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Indo Y, Kitahara S, Tomokiyo M, Araki S, Islam MA, Zhou B, Albarracin L, Miyazaki A, Ikeda-Ohtsubo W, Nochi T, Takenouchi T, Uenishi H, Aso H, Takahashi H, Kurata S, Villena J, Kitazawa H (2021) Ligilactobacillus salivarius Strains Isolated From the Porcine Gut Modulate Innate Immune Responses in Epithelial Cells and Improve Protection Against Intestinal Viral-Bacterial Superinfection. Front Immunol 12:652923. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.652923","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"11047_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhou B, Albarracin L, Indo Y, Arce L, Masumizu Y, Tomokiyo M, Islam MA, Garcia-Castillo V, Ikeda-Ohtsubo W, Nochi T, Morita H, Takahashi H, Kurata S, Villena J, Kitazawa H (2020) Selection of Immunobiotic Ligilactobacillus salivarius Strains from the Intestinal Tract of Wakame-Fed Pigs: Functional and Genomic Studies. Microorganisms 8(11). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms8111659","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8111659"},{"issue":"6","key":"11047_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.11.008","volume":"31","author":"M Schenk","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schenk M, Belisle JT, Modlin RL (2009) TLR2 looks at lipoproteins. Immunity 31(6):847\u2013849. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.11.008","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"11047_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570344","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2020.570344","volume":"7","author":"T Teame","year":"2020","unstructured":"Teame T, Wang A, Xie M, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Ding Q, Gao C, Olsen RE, Ran C, Zhou Z (2020) Paraprobiotics and Postbiotics of Probiotic Lactobacilli, Their Positive Effects on the Host and Action Mechanisms: A Review. Front Nutr 7:570344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2020.570344","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"11047_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-025-02083-0","volume":"13","author":"D Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li D, Meng K, Liu G, Wen Z, Han Y, Liu W, Xu X, Song L, Cai H, Yang P (2025) Lactiplantibacillus plantarum FRT4 protects against fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome: regulating gut microbiota and FoxO\/TLR-4\/NF-kappaB signaling pathway in laying hens. Microbiome 13(1):88. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40168-025-02083-0","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"11047_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2025.153113","volume":"795","author":"Z Guo","year":"2026","unstructured":"Guo Z, Yuan Y, Lu K, Yin S, Bi W (2026) Lactobacillus gasseri-derived postbiotics promote osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs via ameliorating mitochondrial oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 795:153113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2025.153113","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"11047_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2025.117708","volume":"222","author":"L Jia","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jia L, Xiao L, Song X, Zhang X, Han X, Liang W, Fu T, Xie Y, Wang Y, Geng W (2025) Postbiotics alleviate cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation via gut-brain axis and TLR4\/MyD88\/NLRP3 pathway. Food Res Int 222(Pt 2):117708. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodres.2025.117708","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"11047_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s12979-024-00457-w","volume":"21","author":"A Kumar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kumar A, Saha MK, Kumar V, Bhattacharya A, Barge S, Mukherjee AK, Kalita MC, Khan MR (2024) Heat-killed probiotic Levilactobacillus brevis MKAK9 and its exopolysaccharide promote longevity by modulating aging hallmarks and enhancing immune responses in Caenorhabditis elegans. Immun Ageing 21(1):52. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12979-024-00457-w","journal-title":"Immun Ageing"}],"container-title":["Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12602-026-11047-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12602-026-11047-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12602-026-11047-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T16:27:17Z","timestamp":1782923237000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12602-026-11047-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["11047"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12602-026-11047-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1867-1306","1867-1314"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1867-1306","type":"print"},{"value":"1867-1314","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}