{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T15:03:35Z","timestamp":1789657415632,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":34,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can J Anesth\/J Can Anesth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-026-03178-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T15:49:06Z","timestamp":1788536946000},"page":"755-762","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The incidence of difficult airways in an Australian adult tertiary\u2013quaternary hospital: a retrospective observational study of 5,293 episodes of anesthesia","Incidence des voies a\u00e9riennes difficiles dans un h\u00f4pital universitaire de soins tertiaires-quaternaires en Australie : une \u00e9tude observationnelle r\u00e9trospective de 5293 \u00e9pisodes d\u2019anesth\u00e9sie"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6295-3961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine","family":"Collins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8819-8542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte S. M.","family":"Boyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3315-8448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Terence","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jarrad","family":"Burges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7436-0813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew I.","family":"Gardner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"3178_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aer058","volume":"106","author":"TM Cook","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cook TM, Woodall N, Frerk C. Major complications of airway management in the UK: results of the Fourth National Audit Project of the Royal College of Anesthetists and the Difficult Airway Society. Part 1: anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 2011; 106: 617\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aer058","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"3178_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-021-02007-0","volume":"68","author":"JA Law","year":"2021","unstructured":"Law JA, Duggan LV, Asselin M, et al. Canadian Airway Focus Group updated consensus-based recommendations for management of the difficult airway: part 1. Difficult airway management encountered in an unconscious patient. Can J Anesth 2021; 68: 1373\u2013404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12630-021-02007-0","journal-title":"Can J Anesth"},{"key":"3178_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-021-02008-z","volume":"68","author":"JA Law","year":"2021","unstructured":"Law JA, Duggan LV, Asselin M, et al. Canadian Airway Focus Group updated consensus-based recommendations for management of the difficult airway: part 2. Planning and implementing safe management of the patient with an anticipated difficult airway. Can J Anesth 2021; 68: 1405\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12630-021-02008-z","journal-title":"Can J Anesth"},{"key":"3178_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.12955","volume":"70","author":"AK N\u00f8rskov","year":"2015","unstructured":"N\u00f8rskov AK, Rosenstock C, Wetterslev J, Astrup G, Afshari A, Lundstr\u00f8m L. Diagnostic accuracy of anaesthesiologists\u2019 prediction of difficult airway management in daily clinical practice: a cohort study of 188 064 patients registered in the Danish Anaesthesia Database. Anaesthesia 2015; 70: 272\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/anae.12955","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"3178_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200611000-00007","volume":"105","author":"S Kheterpal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kheterpal S, Han R, Tremper KK, et al. Incidence and predictors of difficult and impossible mask ventilation. Anesthesiology 2006; 105: 885\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00000542-200611000-00007","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"3178_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-021-02161-5","volume":"69","author":"AK Jayaraj","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jayaraj AK, Siddiqui N, Abdelghany SMO, Balki M. Management of difficult and failed intubation in the general surgical population: a historical cohort study in a tertiary care centre. Can J Anesth 2022; 69: 427\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12630-021-02161-5","journal-title":"Can J Anesth"},{"key":"3178_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmra1916801","volume":"384","author":"T Heidegger","year":"2021","unstructured":"Heidegger T. Management of the difficult airway. N Engl J Med 2021; 384: 1836\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejmra1916801","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3178_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2016.69.3.244","volume":"69","author":"W Koh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Koh W, Kim H, Kim K, Ro YJ, Yang HS. Encountering unexpected difficult airway: relationship with the intubation difficulty scale. Korean J Anesthesiol 2016; 69: 244\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4097\/kjae.2016.69.3.244","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"key":"3178_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2005.08.011","volume":"18","author":"NR Connelly","year":"2006","unstructured":"Connelly NR, Ghandour K, Robbins L, Dunn S, Gibson C. Management of unexpected difficult airway at a teaching institution over a 7-year period. J Clin Anesth 2006; 18: 198\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinane.2005.08.011","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"3178_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057x1204000113","volume":"40","author":"JF Heuer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Heuer JF, Crozier TA, Barwing J, et al. Incidence of difficult intubation in intensive care patients: analysis of contributing factors. Anaesth Intensive Care 2012; 40: 120\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0310057x1204000113","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"key":"3178_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aex228","volume":"119","author":"S Lewis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lewis S, Butler A, Parker J, Cook T, Schofield-Robinson O, Smith A. Videolaryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy for adult patients requiring tracheal intubation: a Cochrane Systematic Review. Br J Anaesth 2017; 119: 369\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aex228","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"3178_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-024-02814-1","volume":"71","author":"E Paxton","year":"2024","unstructured":"Paxton E, Parotto M. The best visible Mallampati score\u2014too good to be true? Can J Anesth 2024; 71: 1339\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12630-024-02814-1","journal-title":"Can J Anesth"},{"key":"3178_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1097\/aln.0b013e318255e6ab","volume":"116","author":"SK Ramachandran","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ramachandran SK, Mathis MR, Tremper K, Shanks A, Kheterpal S. Predictors and clinical outcomes from failed Laryngeal Mask Airway Unique\u2122: a study of 15,795 patients. Anesthesiology 2012; 116: 1217\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/aln.0b013e318255e6ab","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"3178_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14997","volume":"75","author":"R Schnittker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schnittker R, Marshall S, Berecki\u2010Gisolf J. Patient and surgery factors associated with the incidence of failed and difficult intubation. Anaesthesia 2020; 75: 756\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/anae.14997","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"3178_CR15","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Older Australia at a glance; 1997. Available from URL: https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/older-people\/older-australia-at-a-glance\/contents\/table-of-contents (accessed June 2026)."},{"key":"3178_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.2147\/cia.s93796","volume":"10","author":"KN Johnson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Johnson KN, Botros DB, Groban L, Bryan YF. Anatomic and physiopathologic changes affecting the airway of the elderly patient: implications for geriatric-focused airway management. Clin Interv Aging 2015; 10: 1925\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/cia.s93796","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"3178_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11539","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182111539","volume":"18","author":"N Amarasena","year":"2021","unstructured":"Amarasena N, Chrisopoulos S, Jamieson L, Luzzi L. Oral health of Australian adults: distribution and time trends of dental caries, periodontal disease and tooth loss. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18: 11539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph182111539","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"3178_CR18","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Overweight and obesity; 2026. Available from URL: https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/overweight-obesity\/overweight-and-obesity\/contents\/summary (accessed June 2026)."},{"key":"3178_CR19","unstructured":"Kane A, Soar J, Armstrong R, Kursumovic E, Cook T, Davies M. The NAP7 Activity Survey: patient characteristics, anaesthetic workload and techniques in the UK. Available from URL: https:\/\/www.rcoa.ac.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/2023-11\/NAP7_Chapter%2011_FINAL.pdf (accessed June 2026)."},{"key":"3178_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/s1053-0770(03)00052-1","volume":"17","author":"T Ezri","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ezri T, Weisenberg M, Khazin V, et al. Difficult laryngoscopy: incidence and predictors in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery versus general surgery patients. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2003; 17: 321\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1053-0770(03)00052-1","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"3178_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s44254-023-00029-z","volume":"1","author":"Y Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu Y, He Y, Wang X, et al. Advances in airway management in recent 10 years from 2013 to 2023. Anesth Perioper Sci 2023; 1: 27. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44254-023-00029-z","journal-title":"Anesth Perioper Sci"},{"key":"3178_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD011136","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd011136.pub3","volume":"4","author":"J Hansel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hansel J, Rogers AM, Lewis SR, Cook TM, Smith AF. Videolaryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy for adults undergoing tracheal intubation. Cochrane Database of Syst Rev 2022; 4: CD011136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd011136.pub3","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Syst Rev"},{"key":"3178_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1097\/aln.0000000000004002","volume":"136","author":"JL Apfelbaum","year":"2022","unstructured":"Apfelbaum JL, Hagberg CA, Caplan RA, et al. Practice guidelines for management of the difficult airway: an updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Management of the Difficult Airway. Anesthesiology 2022; 136: 31\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/aln.0000000000004002","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"3178_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14294","volume":"73","author":"F Landucci","year":"2018","unstructured":"Landucci F, Byrne A, Caldiroli D. Interpreting the Cormack and Lehane classification during videolaryngoscopy. Anaesthesia 2018; 73: 652\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/anae.14294","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Anesthesia\/Journal canadien d'anesth\u00e9sie"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12630-026-03178-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12630-026-03178-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12630-026-03178-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T14:08:34Z","timestamp":1789654114000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12630-026-03178-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["3178"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12630-026-03178-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0832-610X","1496-8975"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0832-610X","type":"print"},{"value":"1496-8975","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 December 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 January 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 September 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}