{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T17:22:54Z","timestamp":1750699374854},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,23]],"date-time":"2011-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1324598400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurotox Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-011-9296-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]],"date-time":"2011-12-22T19:13:05Z","timestamp":1324581185000},"page":"405-417","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Effects of Adrenergic Agents on Intracellular Ca2+ Homeostasis and Metabolism of Glucose in Astrocytes with an Emphasis on Pyruvate Carboxylation, Oxidative Decarboxylation and Recycling: Implications for Glutamate Neurotransmission and Excitotoxicity"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Linea F.","family":"Obel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen M. H.","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lasse K.","family":"Bak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arne","family":"Schousboe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helle S.","family":"Waagepetersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"9296_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600281","volume":"26","author":"LK Bak","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bak LK, Schousboe A, Sonnewald U, Waagepetersen HS (2006) Glucose is necessary to maintain neurotransmitter homeostasis during synaptic activity in cultured glutamatergic neurons. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 26:1285\u20131297","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"9296_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-006-9161-4","volume":"32","author":"LK Bak","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bak LK, Waagepetersen HS, Melo TM, Schousboe A, Sonnewald U (2007) Complex glutamate labeling from [U-13C]glucose or [U-13C]lactate in co-cultures of cerebellar neurons and astrocytes. Neurochem Res 32:671\u2013680","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"9296_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(97)00834-3","volume":"237","author":"IJ Bakken","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bakken IJ, White LR, Aasly J, Unsgard G, Sonnewald U (1997) Lactate formation from [U-13C5]aspartate in cultured astrocytes: compartmentation of pyruvate metabolism. Neurosci Lett 237:117\u2013120","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"9296_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1136(199807)23:3<271::AID-GLIA9>3.0.CO;2-7","volume":"23","author":"IJ Bakken","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bakken IJ, White LR, Aasly J, Unsgard G, Sonnewald U (1998) [U-13C]aspartate metabolism in cultured cortical astrocytes and cerebellar granule neurons studied by NMR spectroscopy. Glia 23:271\u2013277","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"9296_CR5","first-page":"223","volume-title":"Mass spectrometry. Organic chemistry applications","author":"K Biemann","year":"1962","unstructured":"Biemann K (1962) Mass spectrometry. Organic chemistry applications. McGraw, New York, pp 223\u2013227"},{"key":"9296_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1159\/000111347","volume":"15","author":"A Brand","year":"1993","unstructured":"Brand A, Richter-Landsberg C, Leibfritz D (1993) Multinuclear NMR studies on the energy metabolism of glial and neuronal cells. Dev Neurosci 15:289\u2013298","journal-title":"Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"9296_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01611733","volume":"15","author":"AM Cataldo","year":"1986","unstructured":"Cataldo AM, Broadwell RD (1986) Cytochemical identification of cerebral glycogen and glucose-6-phosphatase activity under normal and experimental conditions. II. Choroid plexus and ependymal epithelia, endothelia and pericytes. J Neurocytol 15:511\u2013524","journal-title":"J Neurocytol"},{"key":"9296_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12916","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)38247-X","volume":"265","author":"S Cerdan","year":"1990","unstructured":"Cerdan S, Kunnecke B, Seelig J (1990) Cerebral metabolism of (1, 2\u201313C2)acetate as detected by in vivo and in vitro 13C NMR. J Biol Chem 265:12916\u201312926","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"9296_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19991115)58:4<599::AID-JNR13>3.0.CO;2-W","volume":"58","author":"Y Chen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chen Y, Hertz L (1999) Noradrenaline effects on pyruvate decarboxylation: correlation with calcium signaling. J Neurosci Res 58:599\u2013606","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"9296_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2011.03.008","volume":"59","author":"S Dadsetan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dadsetan S, Bak LK, Sorensen M, Keiding S, Vilstrup H, Ott P, Leke R, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS (2011) Inhibition of glutamine synthesis induces glutamate dehydrogenase-dependent ammonia fixation into alanine in co-cultures of astrocytes and neurons. Neurochem Int 59:482\u2013488","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"9296_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1280161","volume":"128","author":"RM Denton","year":"1972","unstructured":"Denton RM, Randle PJ, Martin BR (1972) Stimulation by calcium ions of pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphate phosphatase. Biochem J 128:161\u2013163","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"9296_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01731731","volume":"9","author":"RM Denton","year":"1975","unstructured":"Denton RM, Randle PJ, Bridges BJ, Cooper RH, Kerbey AL, Pask HT, Severson DL, Stansbie D, Whitehouse S (1975) Regulation of mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase. Mol Cell Biochem 9:27\u201353","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"9296_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1760899","volume":"176","author":"RM Denton","year":"1978","unstructured":"Denton RM, Richards DA, Chin JG (1978) Calcium ions and the regulation of NAD+ -linked isocitrate dehydrogenase from the mitochondria of rat heart and other tissues. Biochem J 176:899\u2013906","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"9296_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2008.02.021","volume":"76","author":"ME Gibbs","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gibbs ME (2008) Memory systems in the chick: regional and temporal control by noradrenaline. Brain Res Bull 76:170\u2013182","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"9296_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2010.03.020","volume":"57","author":"ME Gibbs","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gibbs ME, Bowser DN (2010) Astrocytic adrenoceptors and learning: alpha1-adrenoceptors. Neurochem Int 57:404\u2013410","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"9296_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3326","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21307","volume":"85","author":"ME Gibbs","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gibbs ME, Lloyd HG, Santa T, Hertz L (2007) Glycogen is a preferred glutamate precursor during learning in 1-day-old chick: biochemical and behavioral evidence. J Neurosci Res 85:3326\u20133333","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"9296_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10785","volume":"74","author":"R Gruetter","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gruetter R (2003) Glycogen: the forgotten cerebral energy store. J Neurosci Res 74:179\u2013183","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"9296_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E100","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.2001.281.1.E100","volume":"281","author":"R Gruetter","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gruetter R, Seaquist ER, Ugurbil K (2001) A mathematical model of compartmentalized neurotransmitter metabolism in the human brain. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 281:E100\u2013E112","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"9296_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3440","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)83641-4","volume":"260","author":"G Grynkiewicz","year":"1985","unstructured":"Grynkiewicz G, Poenie M, Tsien RY (1985) A new generation of Ca2+ indicators with greatly improved fluorescence properties. J Biol Chem 260:3440\u20133450","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"9296_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1159\/000017335","volume":"20","author":"A Haberg","year":"1998","unstructured":"Haberg A, Qu H, Bakken IJ, Sande LM, White LR, Haraldseth O, Unsgard G, Aasly J, Sonnewald U (1998) In vitro and ex vivo 13C-NMR spectroscopy studies of pyruvate recycling in brain. Dev Neurosci 20:389\u2013398","journal-title":"Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"9296_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20996","volume":"58","author":"ND Halim","year":"2010","unstructured":"Halim ND, Mcfate T, Mohyeldin A, Okagaki P, Korotchkina LG, Patel MS, Jeoung NH, Harris RA, Schell MJ, Verma A (2010) Phosphorylation status of pyruvate dehydrogenase distinguishes metabolic phenotypes of cultured rat brain astrocytes and neurons. Glia 58:1168\u20131176","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"9296_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2773","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1995.64062773.x","volume":"64","author":"B Hassel","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hassel B, Sonnewald U, Fonnum F (1995) Glial-neuronal interactions as studied by cerebral metabolism of (2-C-13) acetate and (1-C-13) glucose: an ex vivo C-13 NMR spectroscopic study. J Neurochem 64:2773\u20132782","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"9296_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0550625","volume":"55","author":"PJ Heald","year":"1953","unstructured":"Heald PJ (1953) The effect of metabolic inhibitors on respiration and glycolysis in electrically stimulated cerebral-cortex slices. Biochem J 55:625\u2013631","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"9296_CR24","first-page":"175","volume-title":"Neuroscience approached through cell culture","author":"L Hertz","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hertz L, Juurlink BHJ, Fosmark H, Schousboe A (1982) Astrocytes in primary cultures. In: Pfeiffer SE (ed) Neuroscience approached through cell culture. CRC-press, Boca Raton, pp 175\u2013186"},{"key":"9296_CR25","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Dissection and tissue culture manual of the nervous system","author":"L Hertz","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hertz L, Juurlink B, Hertz E, Fosmark H, Schousboe A (1989) Preparation of primary cultures of mouse (rat) astrocytes. In: Shahar A, De Vellis J, Vernadakis A, Haber B (eds) Dissection and tissue culture manual of the nervous system. Alan R. Liss Inc., New York, pp 105\u2013108"},{"key":"9296_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.1998.0686","volume":"16","author":"L Hertz","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hertz L, Peng L, Lai JC (1998) Functional studies in cultured astrocytes. Methods 16:293\u2013310","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"9296_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2003.09.044","volume":"994","author":"L Hertz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hertz L, O\u2019Dowd BS, Ng KT, Gibbs ME (2003) Reciprocal changes in forebrain contents of glycogen and of glutamate\/glutamine during early memory consolidation in the day-old chick. Brain Res 994:226\u2013233","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"9296_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2010.03.019","volume":"57","author":"L Hertz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hertz L, Lovatt D, Goldman SA, Nedergaard M (2010) Adrenoceptors in brain: cellular gene expression and effects on astrocytic metabolism and (Ca(2+))i. Neurochem Int 57:411\u2013420","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"9296_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.04789.x","volume":"103","author":"DS Hutchinson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hutchinson DS, Summers RJ, Gibbs ME (2007) Beta2- and beta3-adrenoceptors activate glucose uptake in chick astrocytes by distinct mechanisms: a mechanism for memory enhancement? J Neurochem 103:997\u20131008","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"9296_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2011.07261.x","volume":"117","author":"DS Hutchinson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hutchinson DS, Catus SL, Merlin J, Summers RJ, Gibbs ME (2011) Alpha-Adrenoceptors activate noradrenaline-mediated glycogen turnover in chick astrocytes. J Neurochem 117:915\u2013926","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"9296_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13807","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.24.13807","volume":"96","author":"LS Jouaville","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jouaville LS, Pinton P, Bastianutto C, Rutter GA, Rizzuto R (1999) Regulation of mitochondrial ATP synthesis by calcium: evidence for a long-term metabolic priming. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:13807\u201313812","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"9296_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2003.08.010","volume":"1652","author":"T Karpova","year":"2003","unstructured":"Karpova T, Danchuk S, Kolobova E, Popov KM (2003) Characterization of the isozymes of pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase: implications for the regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity. Biochim Biophys Acta 1652:126\u2013135","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"9296_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1159\/000111348","volume":"15","author":"EE Kaufman","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kaufman EE, Driscoll BF (1993) Evidence for cooperativity between neurons and astroglia in the regulation of CO2 fixation in vitro. Dev Neurosci 15:299\u2013305","journal-title":"Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"9296_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27198","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)46969-4","volume":"269","author":"A Lapidot","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lapidot A, Gopher A (1994) Cerebral metabolic compartmentation: estimation of glucose flux via pyruvate-carboxylase pyruvate-dehydrogenase by C-13 NMR isotopomer analysis of D-(U-C-13)glucose metabolites. J Biol Chem 269:27198\u201327208","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"9296_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1159\/000111346","volume":"15","author":"GC Leo","year":"1993","unstructured":"Leo GC, Driscoll BF, Shank RP, Kaufman E (1993) Analysis of (1\u201313C)d-glucose metabolism in cultured astrocytes and neurons using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Dev Neurosci 15:282\u2013288","journal-title":"Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"9296_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)90333-4","volume":"358","author":"TP Mawhinney","year":"1986","unstructured":"Mawhinney TP, Robinett RS, Atalay A, Madson MA (1986) Analysis of amino acids as their tert.-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives by gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr 358:231\u2013242","journal-title":"J Chromatogr"},{"key":"9296_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1800533","volume":"180","author":"JG McCormack","year":"1979","unstructured":"McCormack JG, Denton RM (1979) The effects of calcium ions and adenine nucleotides on the activity of pig heart 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Biochem J 180:533\u2013544","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"9296_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1990.70.2.391","volume":"70","author":"JG McCormack","year":"1990","unstructured":"McCormack JG, Halestrap AP, Denton RM (1990) Role of calcium ions in regulation of mammalian intramitochondrial metabolism. Physiol Rev 70:391\u2013425","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"9296_CR39","first-page":"223","volume-title":"Basic neurochemistry","author":"MC McKenna","year":"2012","unstructured":"McKenna MC, Dienel G, Sonnewald U, Waagepetersen H, Schousboe A (2012) Energy metabolism of the brain. In: Siegel GJ, Albers RW, Brady ST, Price DL (eds) Basic neurochemistry. Elsevier Academic Press, London, pp 223\u2013258"},{"key":"9296_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(91)90064-P","volume":"63","author":"M Nilsson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Nilsson M, Hansson E, Ronnback L (1991) Adrenergic and 5-HT2 receptors on the same astroglial cell. A microspectrofluorimetric study on cytosolic Ca2+ responses in single cells in primary culture. Brain Res Dev Brain Res 63:33\u201341","journal-title":"Brain Res Dev Brain Res"},{"key":"9296_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(95)00084-Q","volume":"88","author":"BS O\u2019Dowd","year":"1995","unstructured":"O\u2019Dowd BS, Barrington J, Ng KT, Hertz E, Hertz L (1995) Glycogenolytic response of primary chick and mouse cultures of astrocytes to noradrenaline across development. Brain Res Dev Brain Res 88:220\u2013223","journal-title":"Brain Res Dev Brain Res"},{"key":"9296_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3318","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21208","volume":"85","author":"E Olstad","year":"2007","unstructured":"Olstad E, Olsen GM, Qu H, Sonnewald U (2007) Pyruvate recycling in cultured neurons from cerebellum. J Neurosci Res 85:3318\u20133325","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"9296_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11273","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3564-04.2004","volume":"24","author":"G Oz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Oz G, Berkich DA, Henry PG, Xu Y, LaNoue K, Hutson SM, Gruetter R (2004) Neuroglial metabolism in the awake rat brain: CO2 fixation increases with brain activity. J Neurosci 24:11273\u201311279","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"9296_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1974.tb04285.x","volume":"22","author":"MS Patel","year":"1974","unstructured":"Patel MS (1974) The relative significance of CO2-fixing enzymes in the metabolism of rat brain. J Neurochem 22:717\u2013724","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"9296_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.20311","volume":"79","author":"AB Patel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Patel AB, Chowdhury GM, de Graaf RA, Rothman DL, Shulman RG, Behar KL (2005) Cerebral pyruvate carboxylase flux is unaltered during bicuculline-seizures. J Neurosci Res 79:128\u2013138","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"9296_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1136(199709)21:1<74::AID-GLIA8>3.0.CO;2-1","volume":"21","author":"L Pellerin","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pellerin L, Stolz M, Sorg O, Martin JL, Deschepper CF, Magistretti PJ (1997) Regulation of energy metabolism by neurotransmitters in astrocytes in primary culture and in an immortalized cell line. Glia 21:74\u201383","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"9296_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10032","volume":"66","author":"H Qu","year":"2001","unstructured":"Qu H, Eloqayli H, Unsgard G, Sonnewald U (2001) Glutamate decreases pyruvate carboxylase activity and spares glucose as energy substrate in cultured cerebellar astrocytes. J Neurosci Res 66:1127\u20131132","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"9296_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.440030612","volume":"3","author":"AK Salm","year":"1990","unstructured":"Salm AK, McCarthy KD (1990) Norepinephrine-evoked calcium transients in cultured cerebral type 1 astroglia. Glia 3:529\u2013538","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"9296_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00005.2006","volume":"87","author":"J Satrustegui","year":"2007","unstructured":"Satrustegui J, Pardo B, del Arco A (2007) Mitochondrial transporters as novel targets for intracellular calcium signaling. Physiol Rev 87:29\u201367","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"9296_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-010-9171-5","volume":"18","author":"A Schousboe","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schousboe A, Sickmann HM, Walls AB, Bak LK, Waagepetersen HS (2010) Functional importance of the astrocytic glycogen-shunt and glycolysis for maintenance of an intact intra\/extracellular glutamate gradient. Neurotoxic Res 18:94\u201399","journal-title":"Neurotoxic Res"},{"key":"9296_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schousboe A, Sickmann HM, Bak LK, Schousboe I, Jajo FS, Faek, SA Waagepetersen H (2011) Neuron-glia interactions in glutamatergic neurotransmission: Roles of oxidative and glycolytic ATP as energy source. J Neurosci Res 89:1926\u20131934","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22746"},{"key":"9296_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-005-8801-4","volume":"30","author":"HM Sickmann","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sickmann HM, Schousboe A, Fosgerau K, Waagepetersen HS (2005) Compartmentation of lactate originating from glycogen and glucose in cultured astrocytes. Neurochem Res 30:1295\u20131304","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"9296_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.05915.x","volume":"109","author":"HM Sickmann","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sickmann HM, Walls AB, Schousboe A, Bouman SD, Waagepetersen HS (2009) Functional significance of brain glycogen in sustaining glutamatergic neurotransmission. J Neurochem 109(Suppl 1):80\u201386","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"9296_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1159\/000111355","volume":"15","author":"U Sonnewald","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sonnewald U, Westergaard N, Hassel B, Muller TB, Unsgard G, Fonnum F, Hertz L, Schousboe A, Petersen SB (1993) NMR spectroscopic studies of 13C acetate and 13C glucose metabolism in neocortical astrocytes: evidence for mitochondrial heterogeneity. Dev Neurosci 15:351\u2013358","journal-title":"Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"9296_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2566","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1996.67062566.x","volume":"67","author":"U Sonnewald","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sonnewald U, Westergaard N, Jones P, Taylor A, Bachelard HS, Schousboe A (1996) Metabolism of [U-13C]glutamine in cultured astrocytes studied by NMR spectroscopy: first evidence of astrocytic pyruvate recycling. J Neurochem 67:2566\u20132572","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"9296_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)91538-C","volume":"563","author":"O Sorg","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sorg O, Magistretti PJ (1991) Characterization of the glycogenolysis elicited by vasoactive intestinal peptide, noradrenaline and adenosine in primary cultures of mouse cerebral cortical astrocytes. Brain Res 563:227\u2013233","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"9296_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4923","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-12-04923.1992","volume":"12","author":"O Sorg","year":"1992","unstructured":"Sorg O, Magistretti PJ (1992) Vasoactive intestinal peptide and noradrenaline exert long-term control on glycogen levels in astrocytes: blockade by protein synthesis inhibition. J Neurosci 12:4923\u20134931","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"9296_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(90)90028-A","volume":"536","author":"KV Subbarao","year":"1990","unstructured":"Subbarao KV, Hertz L (1990) Effect of adrenergic agonists on glycogenolysis in primary cultures of astrocytes. Brain Res 536:220\u2013226","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"9296_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490280312","volume":"28","author":"KV Subbarao","year":"1991","unstructured":"Subbarao KV, Hertz L (1991) Stimulation of energy metabolism by alpha-adrenergic agonists in primary cultures of astrocytes. J Neurosci Res 28:399\u2013405","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"9296_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1159\/000111438","volume":"18","author":"A Taylor","year":"1996","unstructured":"Taylor A, McLean M, Morris P, Bachelard H (1996) Approaches to studies on neuronal\/glial relationships by 13C-MRS analysis. Dev Neurosci 18:434\u2013442","journal-title":"Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"9296_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1978.tb10776.x","volume":"30","author":"D Calker Van","year":"1978","unstructured":"Van Calker D, Muller M, Hamprecht B (1978) Adrenergic alpha- and beta-receptors expressed by the same cell type in primary culture of perinatal mouse brain. J Neurochem 30:713\u2013718","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"9296_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-0186(99)00146-1","volume":"36","author":"HS Waagepetersen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Waagepetersen HS, Westergaard N, Schousboe A (2000) The effects of isofagomine, a potent glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor, on glycogen metabolism in cultured mouse cortical astrocytes. Neurochem Int 36:435\u2013440","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"9296_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10061","volume":"66","author":"HS Waagepetersen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Waagepetersen HS, Qu H, Schousboe A, Sonnewald U (2001a) Elucidation of the quantitative significance of pyruvate carboxylation in cultured cerebellar neurons and astrocytes. J Neurosci Res 66:763\u2013770","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"9296_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.1089","volume":"35","author":"HS Waagepetersen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Waagepetersen HS, Sonnewald U, Larsson OM, Schousboe A (2001b) Multiple compartments with different metabolic characteristics are involved in biosynthesis of intracellular and released glutamine and citrate in astrocytes. Glia 35:246\u2013252","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"9296_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021636102735","volume":"27","author":"HS Waagepetersen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Waagepetersen HS, Qu H, Hertz L, Sonnewald U, Schousboe A (2002) Demonstration of pyruvate recycling in primary cultures of neocortical astrocytes but not in neurons. Neurochem Res 27:1431\u20131437","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"9296_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-79492-1_7","volume-title":"Astrocytes in (patho)physiology of the nervous system","author":"H Waagepetersen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Waagepetersen H, Sonnewald U, Schousboe A (2009) Energy and amino acid neurotransmitter metabolism in astrocytes. In: Parpura V, Haydon PG (eds) Astrocytes in (patho)physiology of the nervous system. Springer, Boston, MA, pp 177\u20131199"},{"key":"9296_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2008.05250.x","volume":"105","author":"AB Walls","year":"2008","unstructured":"Walls AB, Sickmann HM, Brown A, Bouman SD, Ransom B, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS (2008) Characterization of 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-arabinitol (DAB) as an inhibitor of brain glycogen shunt activity. J Neurochem 105:1462\u20131470","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"9296_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.09.058","volume":"158","author":"AB Walls","year":"2009","unstructured":"Walls AB, Heimburger CM, Bouman SD, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS (2009) Robust glycogen shunt activity in astrocytes: effects of glutamatergic and adrenergic agents. Neuroscience 158:284\u2013292","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"9296_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1983.tb00849.x","volume":"41","author":"AC Yu","year":"1983","unstructured":"Yu AC, Drejer J, Hertz L, Schousboe A (1983) Pyruvate carboxylase activity in primary cultures of astrocytes and neurons. J Neurochem 41:1484\u20131487","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"9296_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4042","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.9.4042","volume":"90","author":"N Yu","year":"1993","unstructured":"Yu N, Martin JL, Stella N, Magistretti PJ (1993) Arachidonic acid stimulates glucose uptake in cerebral cortical astrocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:4042\u20134046","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"}],"container-title":["Neurotoxicity Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12640-011-9296-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12640-011-9296-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12640-011-9296-1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T21:23:45Z","timestamp":1640121825000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12640-011-9296-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,23]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}},"alternative-id":["9296"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12640-011-9296-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1029-8428","1476-3524"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1029-8428","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-3524","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,23]]}}}