{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T11:58:54Z","timestamp":1776772734171,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-019-00960-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]],"date-time":"2019-08-19T03:41:42Z","timestamp":1566186102000},"page":"310-316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Non-endoscopic predictors of esophageal varices in children with chronic liver disease and their utility in resource-constrained countries"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Rubaiyat","family":"Alam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A S M Bazlul","family":"Karim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Md.","family":"Rukunuzzaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Afsana","family":"Yasmin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamal","family":"Hossen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Md.","family":"Benzamin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"960_CR1","first-page":"1909","volume":"22","author":"SK Sharma","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sharma SK, Aggarwal R. Prediction of large esophageal varices in patient with cirrhosis of the liver using clinical, laboratory and imaging parameters. J Hepatol. 2007;22:1909\u201315.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"960_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20018","volume":"39","author":"G D\u2019Amico","year":"2004","unstructured":"D\u2019Amico G, Morabito A. Noninvasive markers of esophageal varices: another round, not the last (editorials). J Hepatol. 2004;39:30\u20134.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"960_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e318150d3c6","volume":"41","author":"A Augustin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Augustin A. Prediction of the first variceal hemorrhage in patient with cirrhosis of the liver and esophageal varices. A prospective multicenter study. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2007;41:305\u201311.","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"960_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-28032010000200017","volume":"47","author":"PL Bittencourt","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bittencourt PL, Farias AQ, Strauss E, Mattos AA, Panel of the1st Brazilian Consensus of Variceal Bleeding, Brazilian Society of Hepatology. Variceal bleeding: consensus meeting report from the Brazilian Society of Hepatology. Arq Gastroenterol. 2010;47:202\u201316.","journal-title":"Arq Gastroenterol"},{"key":"960_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fagundes ED, Ferreira AR, Roquete ML, et al. Clinical and laboratory predictors of esophageal varices in children and adolescents with portal hypertension syndrome. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2008;46:178\u201383.","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e318156ff07"},{"key":"960_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shneider BL, Bosch J, de Franchis R, et al. Portal hypertension in children: expert pediatric opinion on the report of the Baveno V consensus workshop on methodology of diagnosis and therapy in portal hypertension. Pediatr Transplant. 2012;16:426\u201337.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3046.2012.01652.x"},{"key":"960_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800600817","volume":"60","author":"RN Pugh","year":"1973","unstructured":"Pugh RN, Murray-Lyon IM, Dawson JL, Pietroni MC, Williams R. Transection of the oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Surg. 1973;60:646\u20139.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"960_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1021560","volume":"14","author":"KJ Paquet","year":"1982","unstructured":"Paquet KJ. Prophylactic endoscopic sclerosing treatment of the esophageal wall in varices: a prospective controlled trial. Endoscopy. 1982;14:4\u20135.","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"960_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21907","volume":"46","author":"G Garcia-Tsao","year":"2007","unstructured":"Garcia-Tsao G, Sanyal AJ, Grace ND, Carey W. Prevention and management of gastroesophageal varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2007;46:922\u201338.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"960_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.08.049","volume":"141","author":"JC Gana","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gana JC, Turner D, Mieli-Vergani G, et al. A clinical prediction rule and platelet count predict esophageal varices in children. Gastroenterology. 2011;141:2009\u201316.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"960_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alcantara RV, Yamada RM, De Tommaso AM, Bellomo-Brand\u00e3o MA, Hessel G. Non-invasive predictors of esophageous varices in children and adolescents with chronic liver disease or extrahepatic portal venous obstruction. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2012;88:341\u20136.","DOI":"10.2223\/JPED.2205"},{"key":"960_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-007-9034-1","volume":"2","author":"FW Ismail","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ismail FW, Hasnain A, Hamid SS, et al. Noninvasive predictors of large varices in patients hospitalized with gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage. Hepatol Int. 2008;2:124\u20138.","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"960_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200201000-00016","volume":"34","author":"R Madhotra","year":"2002","unstructured":"Madhotra R, Mulcahy HE, Willner I, Reuben A. Prediction of esophageal varices in patient with cirrhosis. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2002;34:81\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"960_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.1539_a.x","volume":"94","author":"N Chalasani","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chalasani N, Imperiale TF, Ismail A, et al. Predictors of large esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004;94:3285\u201391.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"960_CR15","first-page":"528","volume":"15","author":"S Sarwar","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sarwar S, Khan AA, Alam A, et al. Non-endoscopic prediction of presence of esophageal varices in cirrhosis. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2005;15:528\u201331.","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak"},{"key":"960_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schepis F, Camma C, Niceforo D, et al. Which patients with cirrhosis should undergo endoscopic screening for esophageal varices detection? Hepatology. 2001;33:333\u20138.","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.21410"},{"key":"960_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2454","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.2454","volume":"14","author":"S Sen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sen S, Griffiths WJ. Non-invasive prediction of oesophageal varices in cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol. 2008;14:2454\u20135.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"960_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-3767.74426","volume":"17","author":"KC Thomopoulos","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thomopoulos KC. Non-invasive prediction of esophageal varices: is it possible? Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2011;17:1\u20133.","journal-title":"Saudi J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"960_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2564","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.161.21.2564","volume":"161","author":"A Zaman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zaman A, Becker T, Lapidus J, Benner K. Risk factors for the presence of esophageal varices in cirrhotic patient without a history variceal haemorrhage. Arch Intern Med. 2001;161:2564\u201370.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"960_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80288-8","volume":"31","author":"C Pilette","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pilette C, Oberti F, Aube C, et al. Non-invasive diagnosis of esophageal varices in chronic liver diseases. J Hepatol. 1999;31:867\u201373.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"960_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-3767.74470","volume":"17","author":"JV Cherian","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cherian JV, Deepak N, Ponnusamy RP, Somasundaram A, Jayanthi V. Non-invasive predictors of esophageal varices. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2011;17:64\u20138.","journal-title":"Saudi J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"960_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mcg.0000225669.84099.04","volume":"41","author":"JR Burton","year":"2007","unstructured":"Burton JR, Liangpunsakul S, Lapidus J, et al. Validation of a multivariate model predicting presence and size of varices. J Clin Gastreoenterol. 2007;41:609\u201315.","journal-title":"J Clin Gastreoenterol"},{"key":"960_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-018-0834-0","volume":"37","author":"VK Vegiraju","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vegiraju VK, Shetty S, Leelakrishnan V, Janarthanan K, Mohandas N, Balakshmoji D. Role of noninvasive markers to predict the presence of esophageal varices in cirrhosis: pilot study. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2018;37:74\u20135.","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"960_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.31729\/jnma.3379","volume":"56","author":"D Khadka","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khadka D, Prajapati S, Kc S, et al. Significance of non-invasive markers as predictor of esophageal varices in liver cirrhosis. J Nepal Med Assoc. 2017;56:412\u20136.","journal-title":"J Nepal Med Assoc"},{"key":"960_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Franchis R; Baveno VI Faculty. Expanding consensus in portal hypertension report of the Baveno VI Consensus Workshop: stratifying risk and individualizing care for portal hypertension. J Hepatol. 2015;63:743\u201352.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.05.022"},{"key":"960_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-3767.58767","volume":"16","author":"A Sarangapani","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sarangapani A, Shanmugam C, Kalyanasundaram M, Rangachari B, Thangavelu P, Subbarayan JK. Noninvasive prediction of large esophageal varices in chronic liver disease patients. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2010;16:38\u201342.","journal-title":"Saudi J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"960_CR27","first-page":"37","volume":"22","author":"SM Sumon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sumon SM, Sutradhar SR, Chowdhury M, et al. Relation of different grades of esophageal varices with Child-Pugh classes in cirrhosis of liver. Mymensing Med J. 2013;22:37\u201341.","journal-title":"Mymensing Med J"},{"key":"960_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v8.i33.1466","volume":"8","author":"OB Sezer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sezer OB, \u00c7elik D, Tutar N, \u00d6z\u00e7ay F. Can platelet count\/spleen diameter ratio be used forcirrhotic children to predict esophageal varices? World J Hepatol. 2016;8:1466\u201370.","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12664-019-00960-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12664-019-00960-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12664-019-00960-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T23:41:36Z","timestamp":1597707696000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12664-019-00960-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["960"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12664-019-00960-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0254-8860","0975-0711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0254-8860","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-0711","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 August 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 April 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 August 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"RA, ASMBK, MR, AY, KH, and MB declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The authors declare that the study was performed in a manner conforming to the Helsinki declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000 and 2008 concerning human and animal rights, and the authors followed the policy concerning informed consent as shown on Springer.com.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics statement"}},{"value":"The authors are solely responsible for the data and the content of the paper. In no way, the Honorary Editor-in-Chief, Editorial Board Members, or the printer\/publishers are responsible for the results\/findings and content of this article.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclaimer"}}]}}