{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T06:24:05Z","timestamp":1777011845028,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-020-01054-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,10]],"date-time":"2020-10-10T17:02:42Z","timestamp":1602349362000},"page":"435-444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Long-term outcomes in perianal fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease in a resource-limited setting: A cohort analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Sudheer K.","family":"Vuyyuru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pabitra","family":"Sahu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saurabh","family":"Kedia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bhaskar","family":"Kante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peeyush","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mukesh Kumar","family":"Ranjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raju","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Govind","family":"Makharia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. D.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peush","family":"Sahni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5474-9709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vineet","family":"Ahuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"1054_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-314918","volume":"67","author":"PG Kotze","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kotze PG, Shen B, Lightner A, et al. Modern management of perianal fistulas in Crohn\u2019s disease: future directions. Gut. 2018;67:1181\u201394.","journal-title":"Gut."},{"key":"1054_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sandborn WJ, Fazio VW, Feagan BG, Hanauer SB. American Gastroenterological Association Clinical Practice Committee. AGA technical review on perianal Crohn\u2019s disease. Gastroenterology. 2003;125:1508\u201330.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastro.2003.08.025"},{"key":"1054_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schwartz DA, Loftus EV Jr, Tremaine WJ, et al. The natural history of fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Gastroenterology. 2002;122:875\u201380.","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32362"},{"issue":"2","key":"1054_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.579","volume":"105","author":"L Peyrin-Biroulet","year":"2010","unstructured":"Peyrin-Biroulet L, Loftus EV, Colombel J-F, Sandborn WJ. The natural history of adult Crohn\u2019s disease in population-based cohorts. Am J Gastroenterol. 2010;105:289\u201397.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1054_CR5","first-page":"1392","volume":"12","author":"WY Mak","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mak WY, Mak OS, Lee CK, et al. Significant medical and surgical morbidity in perianal Crohn\u2019s disease: results from a territory-wide study. J Crohns Colitis. 2018;12:1392\u20138.","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"1","key":"1054_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.04.007","volume":"145","author":"SC Ng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ng SC, Tang W, Ching JY, et al. Incidence and phenotype of inflammatory bowel disease based on results from the Asia-Pacific Crohn\u2019s and colitis epidemiology study. Gastroenterology. 2013;145:158\u2013165.e2.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"1054_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-008-0469-6","volume":"54","author":"K Das","year":"2009","unstructured":"Das K, Ghoshal UC, Dhali GK, Benjamin J, Ahuja V, Makharia GK. Crohn\u2019s disease in India: a multicenter study from a country where tuberculosis is endemic. Dig Dis Sci. 2009;54:1099\u2013107.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1054_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-015-0539-6","volume":"34","author":"BS Ramakrishna","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ramakrishna BS, Makharia GK, Ahuja V, et al. Indian Society of Gastroenterology consensus statements on Crohn\u2019s disease in India. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2015;34:3\u201322.","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1054_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8123","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i36.8123","volume":"22","author":"G Ray","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ray G. Inflammatory bowel disease in India - past, present and future. World J Gastroenterol. 2016;22:8123\u201336.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1054_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-012-0293-y","volume":"32","author":"A Goel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Goel A, Dutta AK, Pulimood AB, et al. Clinical profile and predictors of disease behavior and surgery in Indian patients with Crohn\u2019s disease. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2013;32:184\u20139.","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1054_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20608","volume":"15","author":"KT Thia","year":"2009","unstructured":"Thia KT, Mahadevan U, Feagan BG, et al. Ciprofloxacin or metronidazole for the treatment of perianal fistulas in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2009;15:17\u201324.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"1054_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dewint P, Hansen BE, Verhey E, et al. Adalimumab combined with ciprofloxacin is superior to adalimumab monotherapy in perianal fistula closure in Crohn\u2019s disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial (ADAFI). Gut. 2014;63:292\u20139.","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-304488"},{"key":"1054_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)00877-1","volume":"125","author":"WJ Sandborn","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sandborn WJ, Present DH, Isaacs KL, et al. Tacrolimus for the treatment of fistulas in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Gastroenterology. 2003;125:380\u20138.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"1054_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-123-2-199507150-00009","volume":"123","author":"DC Pearson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pearson DC, May GR, Fick GH, Sutherland LR. Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine in Crohn disease. A meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1995;123:132\u201342.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1054_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1159\/000465522","volume":"2","author":"S Kedia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kedia S, Ahuja V. Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in India: the great shift east. Inflamm Intest Dis. 2017;2:102\u201315.","journal-title":"Inflamm Intest Dis."},{"key":"1054_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Makharia GK, Ramakrishna BS, Abraham P, et al. Survey of inflammatory bowel diseases in India. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2012;31:299\u2013306.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-012-0258-1"},{"issue":"4","key":"1054_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.5217\/ir.2018.00023","volume":"16","author":"A Agarwal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Agarwal A, Kedia S, Jain S, et al. High risk of tuberculosis during infliximab therapy despite tuberculosis screening in inflammatory bowel disease patients in India. Intest Res. 2018;16:588\u201398.","journal-title":"Intest Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"1054_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(76)80163-1","volume":"70","author":"WR Best","year":"1976","unstructured":"Best WR, Becktel JM, Singleton JW, Kern F. Development of a Crohn\u2019s disease activity index. National Cooperative Crohn\u2019s Disease Study. Gastroenterology. 1976;70:439\u201344.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"1054_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.082909","volume":"55","author":"J Satsangi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Satsangi J, Silverberg MS, Vermeire S, Colombel J. The Montreal classification of inflammatory bowel disease: controversies, consensus, and implications. Gut. 2006;55:749\u201353.","journal-title":"Gut."},{"key":"1054_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030815","volume":"350","author":"BE Sands","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sands BE, Anderson FH, Bernstein CN, et al. Infliximab maintenance therapy for fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:876\u201385.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1054_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4821","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i42.4821","volume":"24","author":"J Panes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Panes J, Reinisch W, Rupniewska E, et al. Burden and outcomes for complex perianal fistulas in Crohn\u2019s disease: systematic review. World J Gastroenterol. 2018;24:4821\u201334.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1054_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2017.104","volume":"14","author":"J Pan\u00e9s","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pan\u00e9s J, Rimola J. Perianal fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease: pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;14:652\u201364.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"1054_CR23","first-page":"22","volume":"4","author":"JY Kim","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kim JY, Yang S-K, Byeon J-S, et al. The incidence and natural history of perianal fistulas in Korean patients with Crohn\u2019s disease. Intest Res. 2006;4:22\u201331.","journal-title":"Intest Res"},{"key":"1054_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jangi S, Ruan A, Korzenik J, de Silva P. South Asian patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the United States demonstrate more fistulizing and perianal Crohn phenotype. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ibd\/izaa029","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaa029"},{"key":"1054_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1159\/000484347","volume":"2","author":"B Kochar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kochar B, Barnes EL, Herfarth HH, et al. Asians have more perianal Crohn disease and ocular manifestations compared with white Americans. Inflamm Intest Dis. 2018;2:147\u201353.","journal-title":"Inflamm Intest Dis"},{"key":"1054_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2022","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000148","volume":"20","author":"I Molendijk","year":"2014","unstructured":"Molendijk I, Nuij VJAA, van der Meulen-de Jong AE, van der Woude CJ. Disappointing durable remission rates in complex Crohn\u2019s disease fistula. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2014;20:2022\u20138.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"1054_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-006-0656-5","volume":"49","author":"SA Hyder","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hyder SA, Travis SPL, Jewell DP, McC Mortensen NJ, George BD. Fistulating anal Crohn\u2019s disease: results of combined surgical and infliximab treatment. Dis Colon Rectum. 2006;49:1837\u201341.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"1054_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dejaco C, Harrer M, Waldhoer T, Miehsler W, Vogelsang H , Reinisch W. Antibiotics and azathioprine for the treatment of perianal fistulas in Crohn\u2019s disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003;18:1113\u201320.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01793.x"},{"key":"1054_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-6795-7","volume":"46","author":"T Lecomte","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lecomte T, Contou J-F, Beaugerie L, et al. Predictive factors of response of perianal Crohn\u2019s disease to azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine. Dis Colon Rectum. 2003;46:1469\u201375.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"1054_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030815","volume":"350","author":"BE Sands","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sands BE, Anderson FH, Bernstein CN, et al. Infliximab maintenance therapy for fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:876\u201385.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"1054_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2008.159251","volume":"58","author":"J-F Colombel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Colombel J-F, Schwartz DA, Sandborn WJ, et al. Adalimumab for the treatment of fistulas in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease. Gut. 2009;58:940\u20138.","journal-title":"Gut."},{"key":"1054_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjy019","volume":"12","author":"BG Feagan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Feagan BG, Schwartz D, Danese S, et al. Efficacy of vedolizumab in fistulising Crohn\u2019s disease: exploratory analyses of data from GEMINI 2. J Crohns Colitis. 2018;12:621\u20136.","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"1054_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.01.030","volume":"16","author":"MJ Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee MJ, Parker CE, Taylor SR, et al. Efficacy of medical therapies for fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;16:1879\u201392.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"1054_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-012-0921-7","volume":"17","author":"O Schwandner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schwandner O. Video-assisted anal fistula treatment (VAAFT) combined with advancement flap repair in Crohn\u2019s disease. Tech Coloproctol. 2013;17:221\u20135.","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"key":"1054_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2065","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.904055","volume":"23","author":"H-H Jiang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jiang H-H, Liu H-L, Li Z, et al. Video-assisted anal fistula treatment (VAAFT) for complex anal fistula: a preliminary evaluation in China. Med Sci Monit. 2017;23:2065\u201371.","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"1054_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izy329","volume":"25","author":"SH Park","year":"2019","unstructured":"Park SH, Aniwan S, Scott Harmsen W, et al. Update on the natural course of fistulizing perianal Crohn\u2019s disease in a population-based cohort. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2019;25:1054\u201360.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"1054_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2013.08.023","volume":"12","author":"S Singh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Singh S, Singh H, Loftus EV, Pardi DS. Risk of cerebrovascular accidents and ischemic heart disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;12:382\u201393 e1: quiz e22.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12664-020-01054-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12664-020-01054-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12664-020-01054-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T00:00:52Z","timestamp":1633910452000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12664-020-01054-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1054"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12664-020-01054-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0254-8860","0975-0711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0254-8860","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-0711","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 April 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 May 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 October 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"SKV, PS, SK, BK, PK, MKR, RS, GM, SDG, PS, and VA declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was performed conforming to the Helsinki declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000 and 2008 concerning human and animal rights, and the authors followed the policy concerning informed consent as shown on .Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics statement"}},{"value":"The authors are solely responsible for the data and the contents of the paper. In no way, the Honorary Editor-in-Chief, Editorial Board Members, or the printer\/publishers are responsible for the results\/findings and content of this article.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclaimer"}}]}}