{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T02:09:30Z","timestamp":1792807770653,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650931200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-021-01217-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T23:03:43Z","timestamp":1651014223000},"page":"273-283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Prospective validation of AIIMS index as a predictor of steroid failure in patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Pabitra","family":"Sahu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saransh","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saurabh","family":"Kedia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudheer K.","family":"Vuyyuru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peush","family":"Sahni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raju","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Panwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prasenjit","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vipin","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Govind","family":"Makharia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Travis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5474-9709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vineet","family":"Ahuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1217_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.4947.1041","volume":"2","author":"SC Truelove","year":"1955","unstructured":"Truelove SC, Witts LJ. Cortisone in ulcerative colitis; final report on a therapeutic trial. Br Med J. 1955;2:1041\u20138.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"1217_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dinesen LC, Walsh AJ, Protic MN, et al. The pattern and outcome of acute severe colitis. J Crohns Colitis. 2010;4:431\u20137.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2010.02.001"},{"key":"1217_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.4.4.299","volume":"4","author":"FC Edwards","year":"1963","unstructured":"Edwards FC, Truelove SC. The course and prognosis of ulcerative colitis. Gut. 1963;4:299\u2013315.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"1217_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12473","volume":"38","author":"RW Lynch","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lynch RW, Lowe D, Protheroe A, Driscoll R, Rhodes JM, Arnott ID. Outcomes of rescue therapy in acute severe ulcerative colitis: data from the United Kingdom inflammatory bowel disease audit. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2013;38:935\u201345.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"1217_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aratari A, Papi C, Clemente V, et al. Colectomy rate in acute severe ulcerative colitis in the infliximab era. Dig Liver Dis. 2008;40:821\u20136.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2008.03.014"},{"key":"1217_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2006.09.033","volume":"5","author":"D Turner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Turner D, Walsh CM, Steinhart AH, Griffiths AM. Response to corticosteroids in severe ulcerative colitis: a systematic review of the literature and a meta-regression. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;5:103\u201310.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"1217_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saha SK, Panwar R, Kumar A, et al. Early colectomy in steroid-refractory acute severe ulcerative colitis improves operative outcome. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2018;33:79\u201382.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-017-2903-8"},{"key":"1217_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leeds IL, Truta B, Parian AM, et al. Early surgical intervention for acute ulcerative colitis is associated with improved postoperative outcomes. J Gastrointest Surg. 2017;21:1675\u201382.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-017-3538-3"},{"key":"1217_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.216895","volume":"60","author":"SP Travis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Travis SP, Satsangi J, Lemann M. Predicting the need for colectomy in severe ulcerative colitis: a critical appraisal of clinical parameters and currently available biomarkers. Gut. 2011;60:3\u20139.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"1217_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Travis SP, Farrant JM, Ricketts C, et al. Predicting outcome in severe ulcerative colitis. Gut. 1996;38:905\u201310.","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.38.6.905"},{"key":"1217_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199810000-00003","volume":"10","author":"SC Lindgren","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lindgren SC, Flood LM, Kilander AF, L\u00f6fberg R, Persson TB, Sj\u00f6dahl RI. Early predictors of glucocorticosteroid treatment failure in severe and moderately severe attacks of ulcerative colitis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1998;10:831\u20135.","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"1217_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s535-002-8129-2","volume":"37","author":"M Seo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Seo M, Okada M, Yao T, Matake H, Maeda K. Evaluation of the clinical course of acute attacks in patients with ulcerative colitis through the use of an activity index. J Gastroenterol. 2002;37:29\u201334.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1217_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jain S, Kedia S, Bopanna S, et al. Faecal calprotectin and UCEIS predict short-term outcomes in acute severe colitis: prospective cohort study. J Crohns Colitis 2017;11:1309\u201316.","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjx084"},{"key":"1217_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corte CJ, Fernandopulle AN, Catuneanu A, et al. (2013) Association between the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS) and outcomes in acute severe ulcerative colitis. J Crohns Colitis 2015;9:376-81.","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjv047"},{"key":"1217_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xie T, Zhang T, Ding C, et al. Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS) versus Mayo Endoscopic Score (MES) in guiding the need for colectomy in patients with acute severe colitis. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf). 2018;6:38\u201344.","DOI":"10.1093\/gastro\/gox016"},{"key":"1217_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turner D, Leach ST, Mack D, et al. Faecal calprotectin, lactoferrin, M2-pyruvate kinase and S100A12 in severe ulcerative colitis: a prospective multicentre comparison of predicting outcomes and monitoring response. Gut. 2010;59:1207\u201312.","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.211755"},{"key":"1217_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ho GT, Lee HM, Brydon G, et al. Fecal calprotectin predicts the clinical course of acute severe ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2009;104:673\u20138.","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2008.119"},{"key":"1217_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kedia S, Jain S, Goyal S, et al. Potential of fecal calprotectin as an objective marker to discriminate hospitalized patients with acute severe colitis from outpatients with less severe disease. Dig Dis Sci. 2018;63:2747\u201353.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-018-5157-6"},{"key":"1217_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dignass A, Eliakim R, Magro F, et al. Second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis part 1: definitions and diagnosis. J Crohns Colitis. 2012;6:965\u201390.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2012.09.003"},{"key":"1217_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Travis SPL, Schnell D, Krzeski P, et al. Reliability and initial validation of the ulcerative colitis endoscopic index of severity. Gastroenterology. 2013;145:987\u201395.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.07.024"},{"key":"1217_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.4291\/wjgp.v5.i4.579","volume":"5","author":"S Kedia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kedia S, Ahuja V, Tandon R. Management of acute severe ulcerative colitis. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol. 2014;5:579\u201388.","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol"},{"key":"1217_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harbord M, Eliakim R, Bettenworth D, et al. Third European evidence-based consensus on diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis Part 2: current management. J Crohns Colitis. 2017;11:769\u201384.","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjx009"},{"key":"1217_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2000.00345.x","volume":"56","author":"W Leisenring","year":"2000","unstructured":"Leisenring W, Alonzo T, Pepe MS. Comparisons of predictive values of binary medical diagnostic tests for paired designs. Biometrics. 2000;56:345\u201351.","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"1217_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2004.03486.x","volume":"19","author":"S Kumar","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kumar S, Ghoshal UC, Aggarwal R, Saraswat VA, Choudhuri G. Severe ulcerative colitis: prospective study of parameters determining outcome. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004;19:1247\u201352.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"1217_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baut GL, Kirchgesner J, Amiot A, et al. A scoring system to determine patients\u2019 risk of colectomy within 1 year after hospital admission for acute severe ulcerative colitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021;19:1602\u201310.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.12.036"},{"key":"1217_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xie T, Zhao C, Ding C, et al. Fecal calprotectin as an alternative to ulcerative colitis endoscopic index of severity to predict the response to corticosteroids of acute severe ulcerative colitis: a prospective observational study. Dig Liver Dis. 2017;49:984\u201390.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2017.04.021"},{"key":"1217_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schoepfer AM, Beglinger C, Straumann A, et al. Fecal calprotectin more accurately reflects endoscopic activity of ulcerative colitis than the Lichtiger Index, C-reactive protein, platelets, hemoglobin, and blood leukocytes. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013;19:332\u201341.","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0b013e3182810066"},{"key":"1217_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Vos M, Dewit O, D\u2019Haens G, et al. Fast and sharp decrease in calprotectin predicts remission by infliximab in anti-TNF na\u00efve patients with ulcerative colitis. J Crohns Colitis. 2012;6:557\u201362.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2011.11.002"},{"key":"1217_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frin A-C, Filippi J, Boschetti G, et al. Accuracies of fecal calprotectin, lactoferrin, M2-pyruvate kinase, neopterin and zonulin to predict the response to infliximab in ulcerative colitis. Dig Liver Dis. 2017;49:11\u20136.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.09.001"},{"key":"1217_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jain S, Namdeo D, Sahu P, et al. High mucosal cytomegalovirus DNA helps predict adverse short term outcome in acute severe ulcerative colitis. Intest Res. 2021;19:438-47.","DOI":"10.5217\/ir.2020.00055"},{"issue":"27","key":"1217_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaa088","volume":"15","author":"RK Grant","year":"2021","unstructured":"Grant RK, Jones GR, Plevris N, et al. The ACE (albumin, CRP and endoscopy) Index in acute colitis: a simple clinical index on admission that predicts outcome in patients with acute ulcerative colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2021;15:451\u20137.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"1217_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.6874","volume":"97","author":"J Randall","year":"2010","unstructured":"Randall J, Singh B, Warren BF, Travis SP, Mortensen NJ, George BD. Delayed surgery for acute severe colitis is associated with increased risk of postoperative complications. Br J Surg. 2010;97:404\u20139.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12664-021-01217-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12664-021-01217-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12664-021-01217-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,13]],"date-time":"2022-08-13T02:15:44Z","timestamp":1660356944000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12664-021-01217-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1217"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12664-021-01217-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0254-8860","0975-0711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0254-8860","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-0711","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 April 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 July 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 April 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"PS, SJ, SK, SKV, PS, RS, RP, PD, VG, GM, ST, and VA declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was performed conforming to the Helsinki declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000 and 2008 concerning human and animal rights, and the authors followed the policy concerning informed consent as shown on Springer.com.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics statement"}},{"value":"The authors are solely responsible for the data and the contents of the paper. In no way, the Honorary Editor-in-Chief, Editorial Board Members, the Indian Society of Gastroenterology or the printer\/publishers are responsible for the results\/findings and content of this article.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclaimer"}}]}}