{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T04:58:05Z","timestamp":1781585885458,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743552000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-025-01757-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T05:01:18Z","timestamp":1743742878000},"page":"745-755","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of sleeve gastrectomy on the course of metabolic associated fatty liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3077-8265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ragaey Ahmad","family":"Eid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8374-2533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dina","family":"Attia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asmaa Srour","family":"Soliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9008-5973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eman Ahmed","family":"Abd Elmaogod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman Mohammed","family":"AbdelSalam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Mohamed","family":"Rashad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Safaa Ahmed","family":"Sayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5458-2227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamer Mohamed","family":"Nabil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"1757_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2015.12.012","volume":"65","author":"E Buzzetti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Buzzetti E, Pinzani M, Tsochatziz EA. The multiple-hit pathogensesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Metabolism. 2016;65:1038\u201348.","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"1757_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.03.039","volume":"73","author":"M Eslam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Eslam M, Newsome PN, Sarin SK, et al. A new definition for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: an international expert consensus statement. J Hepatol. 2020;73:202\u20139.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1757_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29466","volume":"67","author":"C Estes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Estes C, Razavi H, Loomba R, Younossi Z, Sanyal AJ. Modeling the epidemic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease demonstrates an exponential increase in burden of disease. Hepatology. 2018;67:123\u20133.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1757_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.25657","volume":"26","author":"TG Cotter","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cotter TG, Charlton M. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis after liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2020;26:141\u201359.","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"1757_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70218-3","volume":"2","author":"S Madsbad","year":"2014","unstructured":"Madsbad S, Dirksen C, Holst JJ. Mechanisms of changes in glucose metabolism and body weight after bariatric surgery. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2014;2:152\u201364.","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"1757_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2016.2317","volume":"151","author":"ML Maciejewski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Maciejewski ML, Arterburn DE, Van Scoyoc L, et al. Bariatric surgery and long-term durability of weight loss. JAMA Surg. 2016;151:1046\u201355.","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"1757_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-8684-7_12","volume":"1061","author":"V Wong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wong V. Current prevention and treatment options for NAFLD. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1061:149\u201357.","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"1757_CR8","unstructured":"Stahl JM, Malhotra S. Obesity Surgery Indications and Contraindications. 2023. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan\u2013."},{"key":"1757_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2019.05.003","volume":"30","author":"JM Flack","year":"2020","unstructured":"Flack JM, Adekola B. Blood pressure and the new ACC\/AHA hypertension guidelines. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2020;30:160\u20134.","journal-title":"Trends Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"1757_CR10","unstructured":"Weir CB, Jan A. BMI Classification Percentile And Cut Off Points. 2023. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan\u2013."},{"key":"1757_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_610_18","volume":"151","author":"S Chakraborty","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chakraborty S, Ganie MA, Masoodi I, et al. Fibroscan as a non-invasive predictor of hepatic steatosis in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Indian J Med Res. 2020;151:333\u20134.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"1757_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24105","volume":"53","author":"ZH Lin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lin ZH, Xin YN, Dong QJ, et al. Performance of the aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index for the staging of hepatitis C-related fibrosis: an updated meta-analysis. Hepatology. 2011;53:726\u201336.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1757_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14669","volume":"41","author":"J Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee J, Vali Y, Boursier J, et al. Prognostic accuracy of FIB-4, NAFLD fibrosis score and APRI for NAFLD-related events: a systematic review. Liver Int. 2021;41:261\u201370.","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"1757_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i8.1219","volume":"19","author":"S Treeprasertsuk","year":"2013","unstructured":"Treeprasertsuk S, Bj\u00f6rnsson E, Enders F, Suwanwalaikorn S, Lindor KD. NAFLD fibrosis score: a prognostic predictor for mortality and liver complications among NAFLD patients. World J Gastroenterol. 2013;19:1219\u201329.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1757_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-022-02601-0","volume":"22","author":"F Zibaeenejad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zibaeenejad F, Mohammadi SS, Sayadi M, Safari F, Zibaeenezhad MJ. Ten-year atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score and its components among an Iranian population: a cohort-based cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2022;22:162.","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"1757_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6053","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i40.6053","volume":"25","author":"G Soares","year":"2019","unstructured":"Soares G, Soares Monteiro LB. Ultrasound-based techniques for the diagnosis of liver steatosis. World J Gastroenterol. 2019;25:6053\u201362.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1757_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shalimar, Kumar R, Rout G, et al. Body mass index\u2013based controlled attenuation parameter cut-offs for assessment of hepatic steatosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2020;39:32\u201341.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-019-00991-2"},{"key":"1757_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmu.2017.04.001","volume":"25","author":"YS Lin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lin YS. Ultrasound evaluation of liver fibrosis. J Med Ultrasound. 2017;25:127\u20139.","journal-title":"J Med Ultrasound"},{"key":"1757_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zundel N, Hernandez RJD, Gagner M. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: technique and outcomes. The ASMBS Textbook of Bariatric Surgery. 2020. pp. 149\u201359.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-27021-6_13"},{"key":"1757_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2641","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-021-05309-w","volume":"31","author":"S Barbois","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barbois S, St\u00fcrm N, Aron-Wisnewsky J, et al. Decision tree for the performance of intraoperative liver biopsy during bariatric surgery. Obes Surg. 2021;31:2641\u20138.","journal-title":"Obes Surg."},{"key":"1757_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20701","volume":"41","author":"DE Kleiner","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kleiner DE, Brunt EM, Van Natta M, et al. Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2005;41:1313\u201321.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1757_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14548","volume":"40","author":"S Lin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin S, Huang J, Wang M, et al. Comparison of MAFLD and NAFLD diagnostic criteria in real world. Liver Int. 2020;40:2082\u20139.","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"1757_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1159\/000499387","volume":"12","author":"O Nedeljkovic-Arsenovic","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nedeljkovic-Arsenovic O, Banovic M, Radenkovic D, et al. The amount of weight loss six months after bariatric surgery: it makes a difference. Obes Facts. 2019;12:281\u201390.","journal-title":"Obes Facts"},{"key":"1757_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2022.03.022","volume":"18","author":"R Risi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Risi R, Rossini G, Tozzi R, et al. Sex difference in the safety and efficacy of bariatric procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2022;18:983\u201396.","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis."},{"key":"1757_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17233","volume":"56","author":"D Attia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Attia D, Abdel Alem S, El-Akel W, et al. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease with hepatitis C virus infection\u2014a population-based study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2022;56:1581\u201390.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"1757_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu CJ, Seto WK, Yu ML. Dual-etiology MAFLD: the interactions between viral hepatitis B, viral hepatitis C, alcohol, and MAFLD. Hep Intl. 2024;18 Suppl 2:897\u2013908.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-024-10699-x"},{"key":"1757_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15051134","volume":"15","author":"RP Soroceanu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Soroceanu RP, Timofte DV, Maxim M, et al. Twelve-month outcomes in patients with obesity following bariatric surgery\u2014A single centre experience. Nutrients. 2023;15:1134.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1757_CR28","first-page":"1","volume":"15","author":"A Iannelli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Iannelli A, Treacy P, Sebastianelli L, Schiavo L, Martini F. Perioperative complications of sleeve gastrectomy: review of the literature. J Minim Access Surg. 2019;15:1\u20137.","journal-title":"J Minim Access Surg"},{"key":"1757_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.02.034","volume":"75","author":"SA Harrison","year":"2021","unstructured":"Harrison SA, Gawrieh S, Roberts K, et al. Prospective evaluation of the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis in a large middle-aged US cohort. J Hepatol. 2021;75:284\u201391.","journal-title":"J Hepatol."},{"key":"1757_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.06.013","volume":"45","author":"M Machado","year":"2006","unstructured":"Machado M, Marques-Vidal P, Cortez-Pinto H. Hepatic histology in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. J Hepatol. 2006;45:600\u20136.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1757_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1002\/cld.710","volume":"11","author":"ZM Younossi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Younossi ZM. The epidemiology of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin Liver Dis. 2018;11:92\u20134.","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"1757_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2579","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-020-04515-2","volume":"30","author":"H Nikai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nikai H, Ishida K, Umemura A, et al. Effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis in Japanese patients with severe obesity. Obes Surg. 2020;30:2579\u201387.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"1757_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manco M, Mosca A, De Peppo F, et al. The benefit of sleeve gastrectomy in obese adolescents on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatic fibrosis.\u00a0J Pediatr. 2017;180:31-7.e2.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.08.101"},{"key":"1757_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.4103\/2277-9175.178786","volume":"5","author":"B Keleidari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Keleidari B, Mahmoudie M, Anaraki AG, et al. Six month-follow up of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Adv Biomed Res. 2016;5:49.","journal-title":"Adv Biomed Res"},{"key":"1757_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-0943","volume":"32","author":"R Weiss","year":"2009","unstructured":"Weiss R, Appelbaum L, Schweiger C, et al. Short-term dynamics and metabolic impact of abdominal fat depots after bariatric surgery. Diabetes Care. 2009;32:1910\u20135.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"1757_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-5996-3-18","volume":"3","author":"A Zadeh-Vakili","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zadeh-Vakili A, Tehrani FR, Hosseinpanah F. Waist circumference and insulin resistance: a community based cross sectional study on reproductive aged Iranian women. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2011;3:18.","journal-title":"Diabetol Metab Syndr"},{"key":"1757_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-05766-y","volume":"12","author":"RR Kathak","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kathak RR, Sumon AH, Molla NH, et al. The association between elevated lipid profile and liver enzymes: a study on Bangladeshi adults. Sci Rep. 2022;12:1711.","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"1757_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-012-0662-8","volume":"22","author":"D Benaiges","year":"2012","unstructured":"Benaiges D, Flores-Le-Roux JA, Pedro-Botet J, et al. Impact of restrictive (sleeve gastrectomy) vs hybrid bariatric surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass) on lipid profile. Obes Surg. 2012;22:1268\u201375.","journal-title":"Obes Surg."},{"key":"1757_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-015-1891-4","volume":"26","author":"E Griffo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Griffo E, Cotugno M, Nosso G, et al. Effects of sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass on postprandial lipid profile in obese type 2 diabetic patients: a 2-year follow-up. Obes Surg. 2016;26:1247\u201353.","journal-title":"Obes Surg."},{"key":"1757_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.4174\/astr.2022.102.6.353","volume":"102","author":"KH Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim KH, Kim Y, Seo KI, Seo KW. Short-term outcome of bariatric surgery on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a Korean perspective. Ann Surg Treat Res. 2022;102:353\u20139.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Treat Res"},{"key":"1757_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.7326\/M21-1962","volume":"175","author":"KA Seeberg","year":"2022","unstructured":"Seeberg KA, Borgeraas H, Hofs\u00f8 D, et al. Gastric bypass versus sleeve gastrectomy in type 2 diabetes: effects on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis: a randomized controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 2022;175:74\u201383.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"1757_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"English WJ, Spann MD, Aher CV, Williams DB. Cardiovascular risk reduction following metabolic and bariatric surgery.\u00a0Ann Transl Med. 2020;8 Suppl 1:S12.","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2020.01.88"},{"key":"1757_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2018.0037","volume":"25","author":"JJ Yoo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yoo JJ, Kim W, Kim MY, et al. Recent research trends and updates on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2019;25:1\u201311.","journal-title":"Clin Mol Hepatol"},{"key":"1757_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624221116530","volume":"34","author":"R Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang R, Gui X, Ke H, Yu X, Yan Y, Xiong Y. Accuracy of FIB-4 and APRI scores compared to transient elastography for liver fibrosis in patients with HIV and HBV co-infection. Int J STD AIDS. 2023;34:18\u201324.","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"1757_CR45","first-page":"498","volume":"32","author":"N Papadopoulos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Papadopoulos N, Vasileiadi S, Papavdi M, et al. Liver fibrosis staging with combination of APRI and FIB-4 scoring systems in chronic hepatitis C as an alternative to transient elastography. Ann Gastroenterol. 2019;32:498\u2013503.","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol."},{"key":"1757_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31806","volume":"74","author":"AS Alexopoulos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alexopoulos AS, Crowley MJ, Wang Y, et al. Glycemic control predicts severity of hepatocyte ballooning and hepatic fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2021;74:1220\u201333.","journal-title":"Hepatology."},{"key":"1757_CR47","first-page":"15","volume":"9","author":"M Masroor","year":"2021","unstructured":"Masroor M, Haque Z. HbA1C as a biomarker of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: comparison with anthropometric parameters. J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2021;9:15\u201321.","journal-title":"J Clin Transl Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12664-025-01757-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12664-025-01757-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12664-025-01757-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T04:41:35Z","timestamp":1781584895000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12664-025-01757-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1757"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12664-025-01757-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0254-8860","0975-0711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0254-8860","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-0711","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committee, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University. {Approval NO FMBSUREC\/07032021}. Written informed consent was taken from the participants. The study was performed following the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"RAE, DA, ASS, EAAE, EMAS, AMR, ASAS and TMN\u00a0declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The authors confirm that all materials reproduced from other sources, including tables, figures and images, have obtained the necessary permission or license for publication in this journal.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Permission to reproduce material from other sources"}},{"value":"The authors are solely responsible for the data and the\u00a0contents of the paper. In no way, the Honorary Editor-in-Chief,\u00a0Editorial Board Members, the Indian Society of Gastroenterology\u00a0or the printer\/publishers are responsible for the results\/findings and content of this article.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclaimer"}}]}}