{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T09:12:43Z","timestamp":1778490763912,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770595200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Govt. of India","award":["EMR\/2016\/000026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EMR\/2016\/000026"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009053","name":"The Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IA\/S\/17\/1\/503071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IA\/S\/17\/1\/503071"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Flagship program from the Department of Biotechnology","award":["BT\/IC-06\/003\/91"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BT\/IC-06\/003\/91"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-025-01927-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T22:00:58Z","timestamp":1770674458000},"page":"592-603","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["AXL-dependent autophagy impairment differentiates monocyte-derived macrophages from Crohn\u2019s disease and intestinal tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Sonakshi","family":"Udinia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mrinmoy","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaina","family":"Jamwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manasvini","family":"Markandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aditya","family":"Bajaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lalita","family":"Mehra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saurabh","family":"Kedia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carey F. H.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shihui","family":"Foo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prasenjit","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Howland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mrutyunjay","family":"Suar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Singhal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vineet","family":"Ahuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7578-2930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dhiraj","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"1927_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3738","volume":"14","author":"AM Mowat","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mowat AM, Agace WW. Regional specialization within the intestinal immune system. Nat Rev Immunol. 2014;14:667\u201385.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"1927_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2733","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02733","volume":"9","author":"CC Bain","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bain CC, Schridde A. Origin, differentiation, and function of intestinal macrophages. Front Immunol. 2018;9:2733.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1927_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60026-9","volume":"380","author":"DC Baumgart","year":"2012","unstructured":"Baumgart DC, Sandborn WJ. Crohn\u2019s disease. Lancet. 2012;380:1590\u2013605.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1927_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruder B, Becker C. At the forefront of the mucosal barrier: The role of macrophages in the intestine.\u00a0Cells. 2020;9:2162.\u00a0","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9102162"},{"key":"1927_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lichtenstein GR, Loftus EV, Isaacs KL, Regueiro MD, Gerson LB, Sands BE. ACG clinical guideline: Management of Crohn\u2019s disease in adults. Am J Gastroenterol. 2018;113:481\u2013517.","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2018.27"},{"key":"1927_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma R, Madhusudhan KS, Ahuja V. Intestinal tuberculosis versus Crohn\u2019s disease: Clinical and radiological recommendations. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2016;26:161\u201372.","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-3026.184417"},{"key":"1927_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(20)30299-5","volume":"5","author":"R Banerjee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Banerjee R, Pal P, Mak JWY, Ng SC. Challenges in the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease in resource-limited settings in Asia. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;5:1076\u201388.","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"1927_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.664045","volume":"8","author":"M Gonzalez Acera","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gonzalez Acera M, Patankar JV, Diemand L, et al. Comparative transcriptomics of IBD patients indicates induction of type 2 immunity irrespective of the disease ideotype. Front Med. 2021;8:664045.","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"1927_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31711-1","volume":"389","author":"J Torres","year":"2017","unstructured":"Torres J, Mehandru S, Colombel JF, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Crohn\u2019s disease. Lancet. 2017;389:1741\u201355.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1927_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-319850","volume":"69","author":"JN Clough","year":"2020","unstructured":"Clough JN, Omer OS, Tasker S, Lord GM, Irving PM. Regulatory T-cell therapy in Crohn\u2019s disease: challenges and advances. Gut. 2020;69:942\u201352.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"1927_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1868","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.03.043","volume":"128","author":"J Maul","year":"2005","unstructured":"Maul J, Loddenkemper C, Mundt P, et al. Peripheral and intestinal regulatory CD4+ CD25(high) T cells in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology. 2005;128:1868\u201378.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"1927_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2018.00032","volume":"5","author":"D Corridoni","year":"2018","unstructured":"Corridoni D, Chapman T, Ambrose T, Simmons A. Emerging mechanisms of innate immunity and their translational potential in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Med (Lausanne). 2018;5:32.","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"1927_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.625423","volume":"9","author":"X Han","year":"2021","unstructured":"Han X, Ding S, Jiang H, Liu G. Roles of macrophages in the development and treatment of gut inflammation. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;9:625423.","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"1927_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)05063-7","volume":"357","author":"J Hampe","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hampe J, Cuthbert A, Croucher PJ, et al. Association between insertion mutation in NOD2 gene and Crohn\u2019s disease in German and British populations. Lancet. 2001;357:1925\u20138.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1927_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1038\/35079107","volume":"411","author":"JP Hugot","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hugot JP, Chamaillard M, Zouali H, et al. Association of NOD2 leucine-rich repeat variants with susceptibility to Crohn\u2019s disease. Nature. 2001;411:599\u2013603.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1927_CR16","unstructured":"Lesage S, Zouali H, Cezard JP, et al. CARD15\/NOD2 mutational analysis and genotype-phenotype correlation in 612 patients with inflammatory bowel disease.\u00a0J Exp Med. 2022;219:e20211366.\u00a0"},{"key":"1927_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.02.048","volume":"140","author":"A Kaser","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kaser A, Blumberg RS. Autophagy, microbial sensing, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and epithelial function in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology. 2011;140:1738\u201347.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"1927_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2015.1100356","volume":"12","author":"DJ Klionsky","year":"2016","unstructured":"Klionsky DJ, Abdelmohsen K, Abe A, et al. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition). Autophagy. 2016;12:1\u2013222.","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"1927_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.01.018","volume":"54","author":"V Deretic","year":"2021","unstructured":"Deretic V. Autophagy in inflammation, infection, and immunometabolism. Immunity. 2021;54:437\u201353.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"1927_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.06.046","volume":"149","author":"LA Baxt","year":"2015","unstructured":"Baxt LA, Xavier RJ. Role of autophagy in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. Gastroenterology. 2015;149:553\u201362.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"1927_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7741","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1407001111","volume":"111","author":"KG Lassen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lassen KG, Kuballa P, Conway KL, et al. Atg16L1 T300A variant decreases selective autophagy resulting in altered cytokine signaling and decreased antibacterial defense. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2014;111:7741\u20136.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"1927_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0225066","volume":"14","author":"M Kubota","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kubota M, Kakimoto K, Nakagawa T, et al. Autophagy deficiency exacerbates colitis through excessive oxidative stress and MAPK signaling pathway activation. PLoS One. 2019;14:e0225066.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1927_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2012.01.017","volume":"12","author":"TS Plantinga","year":"2012","unstructured":"Plantinga TS, Joosten LA, van der Meer JW, Netea MG. Modulation of inflammation by autophagy: consequences for Crohn\u2019s disease. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2012;12:497\u2013502.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"1927_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11726","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11726","volume":"7","author":"EA Ra","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ra EA, Lee TA, Won Kim S, et al. TRIM31 promotes Atg5\/Atg7-independent autophagy in intestinal cells. Nat Commun. 2016;7:11726.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"1927_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cadwell K, Patel KK, Komatsu M,\u00a0Virgin HW 4th, Stappenbeck TS. A common role for Atg16L1, Atg5 and Atg7 in small intestinal Paneth cells and Crohn disease. Autophagy. 2009;5:250\u20132.","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.5.2.7560"},{"key":"1927_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.5217\/ir.2018.16.3.426","volume":"16","author":"P Das","year":"2018","unstructured":"Das P, Rampal R, Udinia S, et al. Selective M1 macrophage polarization in granuloma-positive and granuloma-negative Crohn\u2019s disease, in comparison to intestinal tuberculosis. Intest Res. 2018;16:426\u201335.","journal-title":"Intest Res"},{"key":"1927_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2015.07.010","volume":"66","author":"SK Matta","year":"2015","unstructured":"Matta SK, Kumar D. AKT mediated glycolytic shift regulates autophagy in classically activated macrophages. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2015;66:121\u201333.","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"1927_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000050","volume":"20","author":"CV Rothlin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rothlin CV, Leighton JA, Ghosh S. Tyro3, Axl, and Mertk receptor signaling in inflammatory bowel disease and colitis-associated cancer. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2014;20:1472\u201380.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"1927_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0156-2","volume":"6","author":"G Roda","year":"2020","unstructured":"Roda G, Chien Ng S, Kotze PG, et al. Crohn\u2019s disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020;6:22.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"1927_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2011.06.016","volume":"412","author":"JE Kang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kang JE, Hwang SH, Lee JH, Park DY, Kim HH. Effects of RBC removal and TRIzol of peripheral blood samples on RNA stability. Clin Chim Acta. 2011;412:1883\u20135.","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"1927_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3062","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16877-3","volume":"11","author":"N Jain","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jain N, Kalam H, Singh L, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells offer a drug-tolerant and immune-privileged niche to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nat Commun. 2020;11:3062.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"1927_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1954","volume":"39","author":"J Hampe","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hampe J, Franke A, Rosenstiel P, et al. A genome-wide association scan of nonsynonymous SNPs identifies a susceptibility variant for Crohn disease in ATG16L1. Nat Genet. 2007;39:207\u201311.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"1927_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11582","volume":"491","author":"L Jostins","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jostins L, Ripke S, Weersma RK, et al. Host-microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease. Nature. 2012;491:119\u201324.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1927_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1006641","volume":"13","author":"JK Baillie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Baillie JK, Arner E, Daub C, et al. Analysis of the human monocyte-derived macrophage transcriptome and response to lipopolysaccharide provides new insights into genetic aetiology of inflammatory bowel disease. PLoS Genet. 2017;13:e1006641.","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"1927_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2014.129","volume":"8","author":"T Fujimori","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fujimori T, Grabiec AM, Kaur M, et al. The Axl receptor tyrosine kinase is a discriminator of macrophage function in the inflamed lung. Mucosal Immunol. 2015;8:1021\u201330.","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"1927_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.01071","volume":"10","author":"X Yin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yin X, Xin H, Mao S, Wu G, Guo L. The role of autophagy in sepsis: protection and injury to organs. Front Physiol. 2019;10:1071.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"1927_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1038\/ng2032","volume":"39","author":"JD Rioux","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rioux JD, Xavier RJ, Taylor KD, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility loci for Crohn disease and implicates autophagy in disease pathogenesis. Nat Genet. 2007;39:596\u2013604.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"1927_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-018-0188-9","volume":"50","author":"R Yarani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yarani R, Mirza AH, Kaur S, Pociot F. The emerging role of lncRNAs in inflammatory bowel disease. Exp Mol Med. 2018;50:1\u201314.","journal-title":"Exp Mol Med"},{"key":"1927_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjz109","volume":"14","author":"MB Braga-Neto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Braga-Neto MB, Gaballa JM, Bamidele AO, et al. Deregulation of long intergenic non-coding RNAs in CD4+ T cells of lamina propria in Crohn\u2019s disease through transcriptome profiling. J Crohns Colitis. 2020;14:96\u2013109.","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"1927_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4716","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i19.4716","volume":"22","author":"D Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen D, Liu J, Zhao HY, Chen YP, Xiang Z, Jin X. Plasma long noncoding RNA expression profile identified by microarray in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2016;22:4716\u201331.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1927_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izx013","volume":"24","author":"Y Haberman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Haberman Y, BenShoshan M, Di Segni A, et al. Long ncRNA landscape in the ileum of treatment-naive early-onset Crohn disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2018;24:346\u201360.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"1927_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-00315-9","volume":"22","author":"L Statello","year":"2021","unstructured":"Statello L, Guo CJ, Chen LL, Huarte M. Gene regulation by long non-coding RNAs and its biological functions. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2021;22:96\u2013118.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"1927_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-021-01022-8","volume":"13","author":"C Fernandez-Ponce","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fernandez-Ponce C, Navarro Quiroz R, Diaz Perez A, et al. Micrornas overexpressed in Crohn\u2019s disease and their interactions with mechanisms of epigenetic regulation explain novel aspects of Crohn\u2019s disease pathogenesis. Clin Epigenetics. 2021;13:39.","journal-title":"Clin Epigenetics"},{"key":"1927_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-307891","volume":"64","author":"R Kalla","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kalla R, Ventham NT, Kennedy NA, et al. MicroRNAs: new players in IBD. Gut. 2015;64:504\u201317.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"1927_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Perez-Sanchez C, Barbera Betancourt A, Lyons PA, et al. Mir-374a-5p regulates inflammatory genes and monocyte function in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.\u00a0J Exp Med. 2022;219:e20211366.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20211366.","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20211366"},{"key":"1927_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3532","volume":"13","author":"V Deretic","year":"2013","unstructured":"Deretic V, Saitoh T, Akira S. Autophagy in infection, inflammation and immunity. Nat Rev Immunol. 2013;13:722\u201337.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"1927_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09782","volume":"469","author":"B Levine","year":"2011","unstructured":"Levine B, Mizushima N, Virgin HW. Autophagy in immunity and inflammation. Nature. 2011;469:323\u201335.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1927_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E3168","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1210500109","volume":"109","author":"EF Castillo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Castillo EF, Dekonenko A, Arko-Mensah J, et al. Autophagy protects against active tuberculosis by suppressing bacterial burden and inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012;109:E3168\u201376.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"1927_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2010.3779","volume":"14","author":"G Twig","year":"2011","unstructured":"Twig G, Shirihai OS. The interplay between mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2011;14:1939\u201351.","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"1927_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13518","volume":"173","author":"L Yue","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yue L, Yao H. Mitochondrial dysfunction in inflammatory responses and cellular senescence: pathogenesis and pharmacological targets for chronic lung diseases. Br J Pharmacol. 2016;173:2305\u201318.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"1927_CR51","first-page":"2829","volume":"17","author":"DM Glubb","year":"2011","unstructured":"Glubb DM, Gearry RB, Barclay ML, et al. NOD2 and ATG16L1 polymorphisms affect monocyte responses in Crohn\u2019s disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2011;17:2829\u201337.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1927_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2023.02.001","volume":"121","author":"A Johansson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Johansson A, Lin DS, Mercier FE, Yamashita M, Divangahi M, Sieweke MH. Trained immunity and epigenetic memory in long-term self-renewing hematopoietic cells. Exp Hematol. 2023;121:6\u201311.","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"1927_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.903874","volume":"12","author":"J Hong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hong J, Maacha S, Pidkovka N, et al. AXL promotes metformin-induced apoptosis through mediation of autophagy by activating ROS-AMPK-ULK1 signaling in human esophageal adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol. 2022;12:903874.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12664-025-01927-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12664-025-01927-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12664-025-01927-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T09:05:30Z","timestamp":1778490330000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12664-025-01927-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1927"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12664-025-01927-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0254-8860","0975-0711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0254-8860","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-0711","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"SU, MD, SJ, MM, AB, LM, SK, CFHL, SF, PD, SH, MS, AS, VA and DK declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The authors are solely responsible for the data and the contents of the paper. In no way, the Honorary Editor-in-Chief, Editorial Board Members,\u00a0the Indian Society of Gastroenterology or the printer\/publishers are responsible for the results\/findings and content of this article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclaimer"}}]}}