{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T08:47:08Z","timestamp":1776934028602,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Gastroenterol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-026-01980-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T06:24:04Z","timestamp":1776925444000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cystic neoplasms of pancreas"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Krithi Krishna","family":"Koduri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jahangeer","family":"Basha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7562-8060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sundeep","family":"Lakhtakia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"1980_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2013.01.010","volume":"45","author":"M Del Chiaro","year":"2013","unstructured":"Del Chiaro M, Verbeke C, Salvia R,\u00a0 et al. European experts consensus statement on cystic tumours of the pancreas. Dig Liver Dis. 2013;45:703\u201311.","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"1980_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-019-0195-x","volume":"16","author":"NCM van Huijgevoort","year":"2019","unstructured":"van Huijgevoort NCM, del Chiaro M, Wolfgang CL, van Hooft JE, Besselink MG. Diagnosis and management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms: current evidence and guidelines. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;16:676\u201389.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"1980_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vege SS, Ziring B, Jain R,\u00a0Moayyedi P; Clinical Guidelines Committee; American Gastroenterology Association. American Gastroenterological Association Institute guideline on the diagnosis and management of asymptomatic neoplastic pancreatic cysts. Gastroenterology. 2015;148:819\u201322.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.02.029"},{"key":"1980_CR4","unstructured":"ASGE Standards of Practice Committee; Muthusamy VR, Chandrasekhara V,\u00a0 et al. The role of endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of cystic pancreatic neoplasms. Gastrointest Endosc. 2016;84:1\u20139."},{"key":"1980_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Megibow AJ, Baker ME, Morgan DE, et al. Management of incidental pancreatic cysts: A white paper of the ACR Incidental Findings Committee. J Am Coll Radiol. 2017;14:911\u201323.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2017.03.010"},{"issue":"4","key":"1980_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2018.14","volume":"113","author":"GH Elta","year":"2018","unstructured":"Elta GH, Enestvedt BK, Sauer BG, Lennon AM. ACG clinical guideline: Diagnosis and management of pancreatic cysts. Am J Gastroenterol. 2018;113:464\u201379.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1980_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"European Study Group on Cystic Tumours of the Pancreas. European evidence-based guidelines on pancreatic cystic neoplasms. Gut. 2018;67:789\u2013804.","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2018-316027"},{"key":"1980_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tanaka M,\u00a0Fern\u00e1ndez-Del Castillo\u00a0C, Kamisawa T,\u00a0 et al. Revisions of international consensus Fukuoka guidelines for the management of IPMN of the pancreas. Pancreatology. 2017;17:738\u201353.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2017.07.007"},{"issue":"5","key":"1980_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.21037\/hbsn-22-471","volume":"12","author":"TT Cheung","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cheung TT, Lee YT, Tang RSY,\u00a0 et al. The Hong Kong consensus recommendations on the diagnosis and management of pancreatic cystic lesions. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2023;12:715\u201335.","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr"},{"key":"1980_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ohtsuka T,\u00a0Fernandez-Del Castillo C, Furukawa T,\u00a0 et al. International evidence-based Kyoto guidelines for the management of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas. Pancreatology. 2024;24:255\u201370.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2023.12.009"},{"key":"1980_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singh RR, Gopakumar H, Sharma NR. Diagnosis and management of pancreatic cysts: A comprehensive review of the literature.\u00a0Diagnostics (Basel). 2023;13:550.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13030550"},{"issue":"3","key":"1980_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02784942","volume":"18","author":"W Kimura","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kimura W, Nagai H, Kuroda A, Muto T, Esaki Y. Analysis of small cystic lesions of the pancreas. Int J Pancreatol. 1995;18:197\u2013206.","journal-title":"Int J Pancreatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1980_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.3340","volume":"191","author":"TA Laffan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Laffan TA, Horton KM, Klein AP,\u00a0 et al. Prevalence of unsuspected pancreatic cysts on MDCT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;191:802\u20137.","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1980_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2010.122","volume":"105","author":"KS Lee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee KS, Sekhar A, Rofsky NM, Pedrosa I. Prevalence of incidental pancreatic cysts in the adult population on MR imaging. Am J Gastroenterol. 2010;105:2079\u201384.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1980_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2232010815","volume":"223","author":"XM Zhang","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zhang XM, Mitchell DG, Dohke M, Holland GA, Parker L. Pancreatic cysts: depiction on single-shot fast spin-echo MR images. Radiology. 2002;223:547\u201353.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"1980_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2015.08.038","volume":"14","author":"M Moris","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moris M, Bridges MD, Pooley RA,\u00a0 et al. Association between advances in high-resolution cross-section imaging technologies and increase in prevalence of pancreatic cysts from 2005 to 2014. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016;14:585-93.e3.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1980_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2013.42","volume":"108","author":"G Capurso","year":"2013","unstructured":"Capurso G, Boccia S, Salvia R,\u00a0 et al. Risk factors for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas: a multicentre case\u2013control study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013;108:1003\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1980_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1007\/s12262-015-1365-x","volume":"77","author":"P Thapa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thapa P. Epidemiology of pancreatic and periampullary cancer. Indian J Surg. 2015;77:358\u201361.","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Surgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"1980_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2019.07.013","volume":"166","author":"VA Chaudhari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chaudhari VA, Pradeep R, Ramesh H,\u00a0 et al. Surgery for cystic tumors of pancreas: report of high-volume, multicenter Indian experience over a decade. Surgery. 2019;166:1011\u20136.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"1980_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Majumder S, Chari ST. Epidemiology of cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. In: The Pancreas. Wiley; 2023. p. 615\u201322.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119876007.ch80"},{"key":"1980_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma D, Bheerappa N. Surgical outcomes of resected cystic neoplasms of pancreas: Experience from a tertiary care centre in India. Turk J Surg. 2023;39:128\u201335.","DOI":"10.47717\/turkjsurg.2023.5926"},{"issue":"3","key":"1980_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.11.039","volume":"70","author":"DA Ringold","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ringold DA, Shroff P, Sikka SK,\u00a0 et al. Pancreatitis is frequent among patients with side-branch intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia diagnosed by EUS. Gastrointest Endosc. 2009;70:488\u201394.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"6","key":"1980_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1159\/000320696","volume":"10","author":"K Tsutsumi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tsutsumi K, Ohtsuka T, Oda Y,\u00a0 et al. A history of acute pancreatitis in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas is a potential predictive factor for malignant papillary subtype. Pancreatology. 2011;10:707\u201312.","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"1980_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e3181c81b74","volume":"39","author":"AL Pelletier","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pelletier AL, Hammel P, Rebours V,\u00a0 et al. Acute pancreatitis in patients operated on for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas. Pancreas. 2010;39:658\u201361.","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"key":"1980_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crippa S,\u00a0Fern\u00e1ndez-Del Castillo C, Salvia R,\u00a0 et al. Mucin-producing neoplasms of the pancreas: an analysis of distinguishing clinical and epidemiologic characteristics. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010;8:213-9.e4.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2009.10.001"},{"issue":"3","key":"1980_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000999","volume":"47","author":"AL Fonseca","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fonseca AL, Kirkwood K, Kim MP, Maitra A, Koay EJ. Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: Current understanding and future directions for stratification of malignancy risk. Pancreas. 2018;47:272\u20139.","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"key":"1980_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qi X, Zhao X, Su J, et al. Malignant transformation and overall\u00a0survival of morphological subtypes of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: A network meta-analysis. Eur J\u00a0Intern Med. 2015;26:652\u20137.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2015.07.016"},{"key":"1980_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valsangkar NP, Morales-Oyarvide V, Thayer SP,\u00a0 et al. 851 resected cystic tumors of the pancreas: a 33-year experience at the Massachusetts General Hospital.\u00a0Surgery. 2012;152 3 Suppl 1:S4-12.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2012.05.033"},{"issue":"6","key":"1980_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1097\/ot9.0000000000000015","volume":"9","author":"AM Parray","year":"2023","unstructured":"Parray AM, Singh A, Chaudhari V, Supe A. Pancreatic cystic neoplasms: a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and management. Oncology and Translational Medicine. 2023;9:269\u201380.","journal-title":"Oncology and Translational Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"1980_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e3181f749d3","volume":"40","author":"K Yamao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yamao K, Yanagisawa A, Takahashi K,\u00a0 et al. Clinicopathological features and prognosis of mucinous cystic neoplasm with ovarian-type stroma. Pancreas. 2011;40:67\u201371.","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"5","key":"1980_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-300297","volume":"61","author":"G Malleo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Malleo G, Bassi C, Rossini R,\u00a0 et al. Growth pattern of serous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas: observational study with long-term magnetic resonance surveillance and recommendations for treatment. Gut. 2012;61:746\u201351.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"8","key":"1980_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.117","volume":"106","author":"MA Khashab","year":"2011","unstructured":"Khashab MA, Shin EJ, Amateau S,\u00a0 et al. Tumor size and location correlate with behavior of pancreatic serous cystic neoplasms. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011;106:1521\u20136.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1980_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohapatra S, Krishna SG, Pannala R. Pancreatic cystic neoplasms: translating guidelines into clinical practice.\u00a0Diagnostics (Basel).\u00a02023;13:749.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13040749"},{"issue":"1","key":"1980_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2013.08.031","volume":"12","author":"R Talukdar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Talukdar R, Reddy DN. Treatment of pancreatic cystic neoplasm: surgery or conservative? Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;12:145\u201351.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"1980_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dudeja V, Allen PJ. Chapter 60-Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas: epidemiology, clinical features, assessment, and management. In: Jarnagin WR, editor. Blumgart\u2019s Surgery of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas, 2-volume set. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Elsevier; 2017. p. 958-70.e952.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-34062-5.00060-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"1980_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21001","volume":"26","author":"SJ Song","year":"2007","unstructured":"Song SJ, Lee JM, Kim YJ,\u00a0 et al. Differentiation of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms from other pancreatic cystic masses: comparison of multirow-detector CT and MR imaging using ROC analysis. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2007;26:86\u201393.","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"1980_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Waters JA, Schmidt CM, Pinchot JW, et al. CT vs MRCP: optimal classification of IPMN type and extent. J Gastrointest Surg. 2008;12:101\u20139.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-007-0367-9"},{"issue":"3","key":"1980_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.2365","volume":"189","author":"BC Visser","year":"2007","unstructured":"Visser BC, Yeh BM, Qayyum A, Way LW, McCulloch CE, Coakley FV. Characterization of cystic pancreatic masses: relative accuracy of CT and MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;189:648\u201356.","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1980_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20254","volume":"21","author":"F Pilleul","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pilleul F, Rochette A, Partensky C, Scoazec J, Bernard P, Valette P. Preoperative evaluation of intraductal papillary mucinous tumors performed by pancreatic magnetic resonance imaging and correlated with surgical and histopathologic findings. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2005;21:237\u201344.","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"1980_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2010.06.019","volume":"66","author":"HJ Lee","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lee HJ, Kim MJ, Choi JY, Hong HS, Kim KA. Relative accuracy of CT and MRI in the differentiation of benign from malignant pancreatic cystic lesions. Clin Radiol. 2011;66:315\u201321.","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"1980_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kang HJ, Lee JM, Joo I,\u00a0 et al. Assessment of malignant potential in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: Comparison between multidetector CT and MR imaging with MR cholangiopancreatography. Radiology. 2016;279:128\u201339.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2015150217"},{"key":"1980_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tanaka M,\u00a0Fern\u00e1ndez-del Castillo C, Adsay V,\u00a0 et al. International consensus guidelines 2012 for the management of IPMN and MCN of the pancreas. Pancreatology. 2012;12:183\u201397.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2012.04.004"},{"issue":"4","key":"1980_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2014.12.028","volume":"84","author":"N Rastegar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rastegar N, Matteoni-Athayde LG, Eng J,\u00a0 et al. Incremental value of secretin-enhanced magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography in detecting ductal communication in a population with high prevalence of small pancreatic cysts. Eur J Radiol. 2015;84:575\u201380.","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"17","key":"1980_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3184","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i17.3184","volume":"23","author":"C Du","year":"2017","unstructured":"Du C, Chai NL, Linghu EQ,\u00a0 et al. Comparison of endoscopic ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of detailed structures of pancreatic cystic neoplasms. World J Gastroenterol. 2017;23:3184\u201392.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1980_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.02.013","volume":"126","author":"WR Brugge","year":"2004","unstructured":"Brugge WR, Lewandrowski K, Lee-Lewandrowski E,\u00a0 et al. Diagnosis of pancreatic cystic neoplasms: a report of the cooperative pancreatic cyst study. Gastroenterology. 2004;126:1330\u20136.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"6","key":"1980_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2018.01.009","volume":"163","author":"G Marchegiani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marchegiani G, Andrianello S, Borin A,\u00a0 et al. Systematic review, meta-analysis, and a high-volume center experience supporting the new role of mural nodules proposed by the updated 2017 international guidelines on IPMN of the pancreas. Surgery. 2018;163:1272\u20139.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"1980_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2021.06.028","volume":"94","author":"A Lisotti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lisotti A, Napoleon B, Facciorusso A,et al. Contrast-enhanced EUS for the characterization of mural nodules within pancreatic cystic neoplasms: systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2021;94:881-9.e5.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"1980_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lari\u00f1o-Noia J, Iglesias-Garcia J, de la Iglesia-Garcia D, Dominguez-Mu\u00f1oz J. EUS-FNA in cystic pancreatic lesions: Where are we now and where are we headed in the future? Endosc Ultrasound. 2018;7:102.","DOI":"10.4103\/eus.eus_93_17"},{"issue":"07","key":"1980_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1391484","volume":"47","author":"B Bick","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bick B, Enders F, Levy M,\u00a0 et al. The string sign for diagnosis of mucinous pancreatic cysts. Endoscopy. 2015;47:626\u201331.","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"10","key":"1980_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-119219","volume":"49","author":"M Polkowski","year":"2017","unstructured":"Polkowski M, Jenssen C, Kaye P,\u00a0 et al. Technical aspects of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided sampling in gastroenterology: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Technical Guideline \u2013 March 2017. Endoscopy. 2017;49:989\u20131006.","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"05","key":"1980_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1364937","volume":"46","author":"WJ Yoon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yoon WJ, Daglilar ES, Fern\u00e1ndez-del Castillo C, Mino-Kenudson M, Pitman MB, Brugge WR. Peritoneal seeding in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas patients who underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration: the PIPE Study. Endoscopy. 2014;46:382\u20137.","journal-title":"Endoscopy."},{"key":"1980_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ASGE Standards of Practice Committee; Khashab MA, Chithadi KV,\u00a0et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis for GI endoscopy.\u00a0Gastrointest Endosc. 2015;81:81\u20139.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2014.08.008"},{"issue":"9","key":"1980_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-325184","volume":"70","author":"AM Veitch","year":"2021","unstructured":"Veitch AM, Radaelli F, Alikhan R,\u00a0 et al. Endoscopy in patients on antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy: British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) guideline update. Gut. 2021;70:1611\u201328.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"1","key":"1980_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2015.09.035","volume":"83","author":"RD Acosta","year":"2016","unstructured":"Acosta RD, Abraham NS, Chandrasekhara V,\u00a0 et al. The management of antithrombotic agents for patients undergoing GI endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2016;83:3\u201316.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"1","key":"1980_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2012.11.313","volume":"13","author":"GD Thornton","year":"2013","unstructured":"Thornton GD, McPhail MJW, Nayagam S, Hewitt MJ, Vlavianos P, Monahan KJ. Endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration for the diagnosis of pancreatic cystic neoplasms: a meta-analysis. Pancreatology. 2013;13:48\u201357.","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"1980_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-022-01269-w","volume":"41","author":"RK Sharma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sharma RK, Bush N, Rana SS,\u00a0 et al. Lower cyst fluid carcinoembryonic antigen\u00a0cutoff is helpful in the differential diagnosis of mucinous versus non-mucinous pancreatic cysts. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2022;41:397\u2013404.","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1980_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(05)01581-6","volume":"62","author":"LA van der Waaij","year":"2005","unstructured":"van der Waaij LA, van Dullemen HM, Porte RJ. Cyst fluid analysis in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic cystic lesions: a pooled analysis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2005;62:383\u20139.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"4","key":"1980_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2021.04.025","volume":"94","author":"TR McCarty","year":"2021","unstructured":"McCarty TR, Garg R, Rustagi T. Pancreatic cyst fluid glucose in differentiating mucinous from nonmucinous pancreatic cysts: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2021;94:698-712.e6.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"12","key":"1980_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-313586","volume":"67","author":"AD Singhi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Singhi AD, McGrath K, Brand RE,\u00a0 et al. Preoperative next-generation sequencing of pancreatic cyst fluid is highly accurate in cyst classification and detection of advanced neoplasia. Gut. 2018;67:2131\u201341.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"6","key":"1980_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.07.033","volume":"69","author":"A Khalid","year":"2009","unstructured":"Khalid A, Zahid M, Finkelstein SD,\u00a0 et al. Pancreatic cyst fluid DNA analysis in evaluating pancreatic cysts: a report of the PANDA study. Gastrointest Endosc. 2009;69:1095\u2013102.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"1980_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xia R, Liu X, Hajdu CH,\u00a0 et al. The utility of molecular studies on pancreatic cystic lesions: A comprehensive review. Hum Pathol Rep. 2024;36:300741.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hpr.2024.300741"},{"issue":"6","key":"1980_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.07.041","volume":"149","author":"S Springer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Springer S, Wang Y, Dal Molin M,\u00a0 et al. A combination of molecular markers and clinical features improve the classification of pancreatic cysts. Gastroenterology. 2015;149:1501\u201310.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"1980_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1097\/XCS.0000000000001681","volume":"242","author":"A Kannan","year":"2026","unstructured":"Kannan A, Murimwa GZ, Mansour JC, et al. Characterizing biological behavior beyond morphologic features: Next generation sequencing analysis of large vs small pancreatic cystic lesions in a large multicenter cohort of patients. J Am Coll Surg. 2026;242:539\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/XCS.0000000000001681.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"1980_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e789","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000005904","volume":"278","author":"MN Nikiforova","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nikiforova MN, Wald AI, Spagnolo DM,\u00a0 et al. A combined DNA\/RNA-based next-generation sequencing platform to improve the classification of pancreatic cysts and early detection of pancreatic cancer arising from pancreatic cysts. Ann Surg. 2023;278:e789\u201397.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"1980_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2022.09.028","volume":"164","author":"A Paniccia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Paniccia A, Polanco PM, Boone BA, et al. Prospective, multi-institutional, real-time next-generation sequencing of pancreatic cyst fluid reveals diverse genomic alterations that improve the clinical management of pancreatic cysts. Gastroenterology. 2023;164:117-33.e7.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1980_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.02.039","volume":"88","author":"O Basar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Basar O, Yuksel O, Yang DJ,\u00a0 et al. Feasibility and safety of microforceps biopsy in the diagnosis of pancreatic cysts. Gastrointest Endosc. 2018;88:79\u201386.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"1980_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vilas-Boas F, Ribeiro T, Macedo G,\u00a0 et al. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided through-the-needle biopsy: a narrative review of the technique and its emerging role in pancreatic cyst diagnosis.\u00a0Diagnostics (Basel). 2024;14:1587.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14151587"},{"issue":"10","key":"1980_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1280","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1194-4085","volume":"8","author":"T McCarty","year":"2020","unstructured":"McCarty T, Rustagi T. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided through-the-needle microforceps biopsy improves diagnostic yield for pancreatic cystic lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endosc Int Open. 2020;8:E1280-90.","journal-title":"Endosc Int Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"1980_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.5946\/ce.2023.157","volume":"57","author":"CCH Wu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu CCH, Lim SJM, Tan DMY. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy for pancreatic cystic lesions: current status and future prospects. Clin Endosc. 2024;57:434\u201345.","journal-title":"Clin Endosc"},{"issue":"2","key":"1980_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.06.010","volume":"18","author":"SG Krishna","year":"2020","unstructured":"Krishna SG, Hart PA, Malli A,\u00a0 et al. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided confocal laser endomicroscopy increases accuracy of differentiation of pancreatic cystic lesions. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;18:432-40.e6.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"09","key":"1980_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0732-5356","volume":"51","author":"B Napoleon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Napoleon B, Palazzo M, Lemaistre AI,\u00a0 et al. Needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy of pancreatic cystic lesions: a prospective multicenter validation study in patients with definite diagnosis. Endoscopy. 2019;51:825\u201335.","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"10","key":"1980_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2015.03.017","volume":"13","author":"P Kaimakliotis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kaimakliotis P, Riff B, Pourmand K,\u00a0 et al. Sendai and Fukuoka Consensus Guidelines identify advanced neoplasia in patients with suspected mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;13:1808\u201315.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1980_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000003174","volume":"272","author":"M Del Chiaro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Del Chiaro M, Beckman R, Ateeb Z,\u00a0 et al. Main duct dilatation is the best predictor of high-grade dysplasia or invasion in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas. Ann Surg. 2020;272:1118\u201324.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"1980_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e3182883a91","volume":"42","author":"MA Khashab","year":"2013","unstructured":"Khashab MA, Kim K, Lennon AM, et al. Should we do EUS\/FNA on patients with pancreatic cysts? The incremental diagnostic yield of EUS over CT\/MRI for prediction of cystic neoplasms. Pancreas. 2013;42:717\u201321.","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"8\u20139","key":"1980_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521.2012.674970","volume":"47","author":"K de Jong","year":"2012","unstructured":"de Jong K, van Hooft JE, Nio CY,\u00a0 et al. Accuracy of preoperative workup in a prospective series of surgically resected cystic pancreatic lesions. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2012;47:1056\u201363.","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1980_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Partelli S, Cirocchi R, Crippa S,\u00a0 et al. Systematic review of active surveillance versus surgical management of asymptomatic small non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.\u00a0Br J Surg. 2017;104:34\u201341.","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10312"},{"key":"1980_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brook OR, Beddy P, Pahade J,\u00a0 et al. Delayed growth in incidental pancreatic cysts: Are the current American College of Radiology recommendations for follow-up appropriate? Radiology. 2016;278:752\u201361.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2015140972"},{"issue":"3","key":"1980_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2012.03.056","volume":"12","author":"W Khannoussi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Khannoussi W, Vullierme MP, Rebours V,\u00a0 et al. The long term risk of malignancy in patients with branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas. Pancreatology. 2012;12:198\u2013202.","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"key":"1980_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levink IJM, Sprij MLJA, Koopmann BDM,\u00a0 et al. Small and stable pancreatic cysts are reassuring during surveillance: Results from the PACYFIC trial. United European Gastroenterol J. 2025;13:971\u201381.","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.70136"},{"issue":"2","key":"1980_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1159\/000443171","volume":"103","author":"M Falconi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Falconi M, Eriksson B, Kaltsas G,\u00a0 et al. ENETS consensus guidelines update for the management of patients with functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Neuroendocrinology. 2016;103:153\u201371.","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"1980_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nilsson LN, Keane MG, Shamali A, et al. Nature and management of pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasm (MCN): A systematic review of the literature. Pancreatology. 2016;16:1028\u201336.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2016.09.011"},{"key":"1980_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4405","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i31.4405","volume":"21;25(31)","author":"A Hasan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hasan A, Visrodia K, Farrell JJ, Gonda TA. Overview and comparison of guidelines for management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms. World J Gastroenterol. 2019;21;25:4405\u201313.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1980_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao W, Zhu J, Peng L, Hong L, Sun G, Li Y. The role of central pancreatectomy in pancreatic surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.\u00a0HPB (Oxford).\u00a02018;20:896\u2013904.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hpb.2018.05.001"},{"key":"1980_CR84","unstructured":"Neme\u015f R, Curc\u0103 T, Paraliov T,  et al. Cystic tumors of the pancreas. Considerations upon 34 operated cases. Rom J Gastroenterol. 2002;11:303\u20138."},{"key":"1980_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sadot E, Reidy-Lagunes DL, Tang LH,\u00a0 et al. Observation versus resection for small asymptomatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: A matched case-control study. Ann Surg Oncol. 2016;23:1361\u201370.","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-015-4986-1"},{"issue":"4","key":"1980_CR86","first-page":"572","volume":"244","author":"PJ Allen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Allen PJ, D\u2019Angelica M, Gonen M,\u00a0 et al. A selective approach to the resection of cystic lesions of the pancreas: results from 539 consecutive patients. Ann Surg. 2006;244:572\u201382.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"1980_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prete AM, Gonda TA. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided local ablative therapies for the treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and cystic lesions: A review of the current literature.\u00a0 J Clin Med. 2023;12:3325.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12093325"},{"issue":"4","key":"1980_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2023.05.049","volume":"98","author":"YJ Song","year":"2023","unstructured":"Song YJ, Huh G, Kim EH, Lee JB, Park DH. Comparison of outcomes of EUS-guided ablation and surveillance only for pancreatic cystic lesions: a propensity score-matching study (with videos). Gastrointest Endosc. 2023;98:585-96.e3.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"8","key":"1980_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.03.021","volume":"22","author":"SH Cho","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cho SH, Seo DW, Oh D, Song TJ, Lee SK. Long-term outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound-guided ablation vs surgery for pancreatic cystic tumors. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024;22:1628-36.e4.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"1980_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vaalavuo Y, Vornanen M, Ahola R,\u00a0 et al. Long-term (10-year) outcomes and prognostic factors in resected intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm tumors in Finland: A nationwide retrospective study. Surgery. 2023;174:75\u201382.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2023.02.006"},{"issue":"3","key":"1980_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000061","volume":"43","author":"JK Law","year":"2014","unstructured":"Law JK, Ahmed A, Singh VK,\u00a0 et al. A systematic review of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasms. Pancreas. 2014;43:331\u20137.","journal-title":"Pancreas"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12664-026-01980-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12664-026-01980-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12664-026-01980-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T08:02:38Z","timestamp":1776931358000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12664-026-01980-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"references-count":91,"alternative-id":["1980"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12664-026-01980-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0254-8860","0975-0711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0254-8860","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-0711","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"KKK, JB and SL declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable. This article is a review and does not involve any new studies with human participants or animals conducted by the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate."}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human ethics."}},{"value":"Not applicable. This article does not contain any individual person\u2019s data.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors are solely responsible for the data and the contents of the paper. In no way, the Honorary Editor-in-Chief, Editorial Board Members, the Indian Society of Gastroenterology\u00a0or the printer\/publishers are responsible for the results\/findings and content of this article.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclaimer."}}]}}