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The occurrence of oncogenic viruses including human papilloma virus (HPV) and Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV), in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) varies in the world. Carcinogenesis is a multi-step process, and the role of viruses in LSCC progression has not been clarified. We aimed to analyze the presence and co-expression of HPV, EBV, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and human adenovirus (HAdV) in LSCC. We also investigated if p16 can act as surrogate marker for HPV in LSCC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combined PCR\/microarrays (PapilloCheck\u00ae) were used for detection and genotyping of HPV DNA, real-time\u00a0PCR for EBV, HCMV and HAdV DNA detection, and EBER in situ hybridization (EBER-ISH) for EBV detection in tissue from 78 LSCC patients. Additionally, we analyzed p16 expression with immunohistochemistry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-three percent (26\/78) of LSCC tumor samples were EBV positive, 9% (7\/78) HCMV positive and 4% (3\/78) HAdV positive. Due to DNA fragmentation, 45 samples could not be analyzed with PapilloCheck\u00ae; 9% of the remaining (3\/33) were high-risk HPV16 positive and also over-expressed p16. A total of 14% (11\/78) of the samples over-expressed p16.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings present a mapping of HPV, EBV, HCMV and HAdV, including the HPV surrogate marker p16, in LSCC in this cohort. Except for EBV, which was detected in a third of the samples, data show viral infection to be uncommon, and that p16 does not appear to be a specific surrogate marker for high-risk HPV infection in LSCC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-022-00475-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,21]],"date-time":"2022-03-21T08:03:48Z","timestamp":1647849828000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Mapping human papillomavirus, Epstein\u2013Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, and p16 in laryngeal cancer"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0007-8716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Schindele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3522-1842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Holm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4831-4100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karin","family":"Nylander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6949-1213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annika","family":"Allard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0649-3825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarina","family":"Olofsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"475_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.21147\/j.issn.1000-9604.2020.01.03","volume":"32","author":"R Nocini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nocini R, Molteni G, Mattiuzzi C, Lippi G. 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The study was approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board of Ume\u00e5 University, Sweden, approval number 2010-277-31\u00a0M (with addendum 2011-114-32\u00a0M, 2012-276-32\u00a0M, 2015-323-32\u00a0M and 2017-543-32\u00a0M). Samples were obtained with permission from the Biobank North (V\u00e4sterbotten Regional Council 2018-05-09 (2013-03-26) approval number 472-13-008). We confirm that all methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations according to the STROBE checklist of cross-sectional studies. Patients gave their consent for tissue banking and research prior to diagnostic surgery at the ENT clinics in northern Sweden.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors report no conflicts of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"18"}}