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To evaluate the effect of CAR-T20 on the survival time of tumor-bearing animals, 30 NSG mice were employed, and Raji-Luc cells (5\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup> cells per mouse) were administered prior to CAR-T20 administration. The survival time, optical intensity of Raji-Luc cells, clinical symptoms, and body mass of the animals were observed. Another 144 male NSG mice were employed to investigate the proliferation and antitumor effects of CAR-T20. Human cytokine and murine cytokines were detected at 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 56 and 90\u00a0days post-CAR-T administration, while biochemistry index analysis, T-cell and CAR-T-cell detection in peripheral blood, and histopathological examination were performed at 14, 28, 56 and 90\u00a0days post-administration.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>CAR-T20 cells had a specific killing effect on CD20-expressing cells in vitro. At a dose of 1\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> per mouse or above, CAR-T20 prolonged the median survival time from 14\u00a0days to more than 3\u00a0months, inhibited the proliferation of Raji cells in mice, and alleviated the clinical manifestations and weight loss caused by the Raji-Luc cell load. CAR-T20 at a dose of 2\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> per mouse or above inhibited the proliferation of Raji cells in mice for up to 111\u00a0days post-administration without recurrence. The numbers of T cells and CAR-T cells in the animals administered CAR-T20 increased significantly when Raji cells were markedly proliferated and subsequently decreased when Raji cells were predominantly inhibited. CAR-T20 increased human IFN-\u03b3, murine TNF and murine IL-6 levels and decreased human IL-10 levels in tumor-bearing mice. The incidences of xenografted tumors in organs\/tissues were also reduced effectively by CAR-T20.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The effective dose of CAR-T20 in mice starts from 1\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> per mouse, equivalent to a clinical dose of 5\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\/kg. Together, our data support the clinical translation of CAR-T20 for R\/R B-cell NHL patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-022-00588-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T20:02:52Z","timestamp":1668024172000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Pre-clinical efficacy of CD20-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cells for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hairuo","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liqing","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xingchao","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"588_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","volume":"71","author":"H Sung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. 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Front Oncol. 2019;9:146.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"}],"container-title":["Discover Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12672-022-00588-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12672-022-00588-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12672-022-00588-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T23:24:21Z","timestamp":1668209061000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12672-022-00588-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["588"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12672-022-00588-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["2730-6011"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2730-6011","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 August 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 November 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 November 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors are accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. All animal experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of the National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs (NCSED, IACUC approval No: IACUC-2021-053, IACUC-2021-060), in compliance with the IACUC Constitution of NCSED, the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals () and AAALAC International\u2019s Position Statement. The animals were anaesthetized with isoflurane before blood sampling or necropsy. Adverse events that could be found in this study including, loss of body weight, roachback, piloerection, hind limb paralysis, which are associated with the xenografting of Raji cells. All study protocols (including the research question, key design features, and analysis plan) were prepared before the study and archived at National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs. In compliance with the IACUC Constitution of NCSED, euthanasia with CO<sub>2<\/sub> inhalation is performed, under the following condition(s) as humane endpoints: (1) more than 20% body weight(s) was(were) lost within 3\u00a0days, or (2) the animal(s) could not eat\/drink on its(their) own, or (3) other important physiological function(s) was (were) lost. In this study, it was lymphoma xenografted in the mice, and no solid metastasis was observed in all the animals. As demonstrated by the bioluminescence intensity, the maximal intensity (tumor burden) of Raji-Luc was about 1\u2009\u00d7\u200910<sup>10<\/sup> p\/sec\/cm<sup>2<\/sup>\/sr, the body masses of these animals were reduced no higher than 25% in 14\u00a0days, the animals were able to eat and drink, and no obvious physiological function lost was found. Thus, the maximum tumor burden was not exceeded.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and\/or publication of this article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"122"}}