{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T10:39:55Z","timestamp":1770979195580,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ecology and Environment Department of Hunan","award":["HBKYXM-2023021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HBKYXM-2023021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discov Onc"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Esophageal cancer ranks as the 11th most diagnosed cancer worldwide and the 7th leading cause of cancer-related deaths, mainly due to late-stage diagnosis. Identifying novel biomarkers is essential for enhancing prognostic evaluations and targeting patients for immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We used the DepMap database to identify survival-dependent genes in esophageal carcinoma cells. A prognostic model was developed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression and LASSO, validated with the GEO dataset. WGCNA and GSEA analyses were conducted to explore mechanisms, alongside ESTIMATE and ssGSEA for prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We constructed a novel four-gene prognostic signature (CPSF6, IGBP1, MTG2, TCP1) based on SDG expression and survival data. This signature stratified esophageal cancer patients into high- and low-risk groups with significantly different survival, with the high-risk group showing shorter survival. WGCNA and GSEA analyses linked prognosis to immune pathways, including interferon-\u03b3 response and IL6-JAK-STAT3 signaling. ssGSEA revealed reduced infiltration of 19 immune cell types in high-risk patients, and ESTIMATE analysis confirmed the association between immune infiltration and poor prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study establishes a four-gene survival signature for esophageal cancer that distinguishes high-risk from low-risk populations, providing novel prognostic indicators. Immune response pathways were downregulated in high-risk patients, offering potential targets for understanding esophageal cancer mechanisms and developing immunotherapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-025-02942-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T14:13:36Z","timestamp":1750601616000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Identification and characterization of survival-dependent genes in esophageal cancer via the DepMap database: unraveling their association with immune infiltration"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xiangrong","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junyan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wentao","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Limou","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fangzhu","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2942_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","volume":"74","author":"F Bray","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Soerjomataram I, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024;74:229\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21834.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"2942_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.34301","volume":"152","author":"H Zhu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhu H, Ma X, Ye T, Wang H, Wang Z, Liu Q, et al. Esophageal cancer in china: practice and research in the new era. Int J Cancer. 2023;152:1741\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.34301.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2942_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17048","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.48","volume":"3","author":"EC Smyth","year":"2017","unstructured":"Smyth EC, Lagergren J, Fitzgerald RC, Lordick F, Shah MA, Lagergren P, et al. Oesophageal cancer. Nat Rev Dis Primer. 2017;3:17048. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrdp.2017.48.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primer"},{"key":"2942_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.03.233","volume":"165","author":"D Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun D, Liu C, Zhu Y, Yu C, Guo Y, Sun D, et al. Long-Term exposure to fine particulate matter and incidence of esophageal cancer: A prospective study of 0.5 million Chinese adults. Gastroenterology. 2023;165:61\u2013e705. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.03.233.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2942_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e074962","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-074962","volume":"385","author":"N Deboever","year":"2024","unstructured":"Deboever N, Jones CM, Yamashita K, Ajani JA, Hofstetter WL. Advances in diagnosis and management of cancer of the esophagus. BMJ. 2024;385:e074962. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj-2023-074962.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2942_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-050715-104218","volume":"68","author":"NM Mansour","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mansour NM, Groth SS, Anandasabapathy S. Esophageal adenocarcinoma: screening, surveillance, and management. Annu Rev Med. 2017;68:213\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-med-050715-104218.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"2942_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2015.10.005","volume":"14","author":"S-H Xie","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xie S-H, Lagergren J. The male predominance in esophageal adenocarcinoma. clin gastroenterol hepatol off clin pract. J Am Gastroenterol Assoc. 2016;14:338\u2013e3471. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2015.10.005.","journal-title":"J Am Gastroenterol Assoc"},{"key":"2942_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2898","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12102898","volume":"12","author":"H Kurumi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kurumi H, Isomoto H. Current topics in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancers. 2020;12:2898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers12102898.","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"2942_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2021.4410","volume":"7","author":"LL DaSilva","year":"2021","unstructured":"DaSilva LL, Aguiar PN, de Lima Lopes G. Immunotherapy for advanced esophageal squamous cell Carcinoma-Renewed enthusiasm and a lingering challenge. JAMA Oncol. 2021;7:1613\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoncol.2021.4410.","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"2942_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-022-03311-z","volume":"20","author":"T Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang T, Hui R, Nouws J, Sauler M, Zeng T, Wu Q. Untargeted metabolomics analysis of esophageal squamous cell cancer progression. J Transl Med. 2022;20:127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-022-03311-z.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"2942_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.89a.21053","volume":"89","author":"A Joseph","year":"2022","unstructured":"Joseph A, Raja S, Kamath S, Jang S, Allende D, McNamara M, et al. Esophageal adenocarcinoma: A dire need for early detection and treatment. Cleve Clin J Med. 2022;89:269\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3949\/ccjm.89a.21053.","journal-title":"Cleve Clin J Med"},{"key":"2942_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.04.053","volume":"149","author":"JH Rubenstein","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rubenstein JH, Shaheen NJ. Epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2015;149:302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.04.053.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2942_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.51703","volume":"18","author":"B Shi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shi B, Ding J, Qi J, Gu Z. Characteristics and prognostic value of potential dependency genes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma based on a large-scale CRISPR-Cas9 and RNAi screening database DepMap. Int J Med Sci. 2021;18:2063\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/ijms.51703.","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"2942_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-023-00652-3","volume":"29","author":"M Mijiti","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mijiti M, Maimaiti A, Chen X, Tuersun M, Dilixiati M, Dilixiati Y, et al. CRISPR-cas9 screening identified lethal genes enriched in Hippo kinase pathway and of predictive significance in primary low-grade glioma. Mol Med Camb Mass. 2023;29:64. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10020-023-00652-3.","journal-title":"Mol Med Camb Mass"},{"key":"2942_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2016.10.005","volume":"41","author":"F-L Huang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huang F-L, Yu S-J. Esophageal cancer: risk factors, genetic association, and treatment. Asian J Surg. 2018;41:210\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asjsur.2016.10.005.","journal-title":"Asian J Surg"},{"key":"2942_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2022.01.007","volume":"86","author":"X Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li X, Chen L, Luan S, Zhou J, Xiao X, Yang Y, et al. The development and progress of nanomedicine for esophageal cancer diagnosis and treatment. Semin Cancer Biol. 2022;86:873\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semcancer.2022.01.007.","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"key":"2942_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2023.06.004","volume":"41","author":"S Kumagai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kumagai S, Koyama S, Shitara K. Precise patient stratification in esophageal cancer: biomarkers for immunochemotherapy. Cancer Cell. 2023;41:1199\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2023.06.004.","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"2942_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12060862","volume":"12","author":"A Petrillo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Petrillo A, Smyth EC. Immunotherapy for squamous esophageal cancer: A review. J Pers Med. 2022;12:862. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm12060862.","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"2942_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.21147\/j.issn.1000-9604.2021.05.01","volume":"33","author":"J Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li J, Xu J, Zheng Y, Gao Y, He S, Li H, et al. Esophageal cancer: epidemiology, risk factors and screening. Chin J Cancer Res. 2021;33:535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21147\/j.issn.1000-9604.2021.05.01.","journal-title":"Chin J Cancer Res"},{"key":"2942_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2019.7337","volume":"17","author":"RJ Kelly","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kelly RJ. Emerging multimodality approaches to treat localized esophageal Cancer. J Natl Compr Cancer Netw JNCCN. 2019;17:1009\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6004\/jnccn.2019.7337.","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Cancer Netw JNCCN"},{"key":"2942_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-021-02362-8","volume":"19","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Zhang J, Pan G, Guan T, Zhang C, Hao A, et al. Effects of EFNA1 on cell phenotype and prognosis of esophageal carcinoma. World J Surg Oncol. 2021;19:242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12957-021-02362-8.","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2942_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.2174\/1386207326666221205101815","volume":"26","author":"D Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li D, Deng W, Huang G, Xiao X. Bridging integrator 3 (BIN3) downregulation predicts a poor prognosis in patients with esophagus carcinoma: A study based on TCGA data. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2023;26:1974\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1386207326666221205101815.","journal-title":"Comb Chem High Throughput Screen"},{"key":"2942_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7974277","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/7974277","volume":"2024","author":"Y Lin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lin Y, Lou X, Li S, Cai W, Che T. Identification and validation of immune implication of R-Spondin 1 and an R-Spondin 1-Related prognostic signature in esophagus Cancer. Int J Genomics. 2024;2024:7974277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2024\/7974277.","journal-title":"Int J Genomics"},{"key":"2942_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3128","DOI":"10.21037\/tcr-22-915","volume":"11","author":"J Deng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Deng J, Weng X, Chen W, Zhang J, Ma L, Zhao K. A nomogram and risk classification model predicts prognosis in Chinese esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Transl Cancer Res. 2022;11:3128\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/tcr-22-915.","journal-title":"Transl Cancer Res"},{"key":"2942_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e25305","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000025305","volume":"100","author":"T Lan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lan T, Liu W, Lu Y, Luo H. A five-gene signature for predicting overall survival of esophagus adenocarcinoma. Med (Baltim). 2021;100:e25305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000025305.","journal-title":"Med (Baltim)"},{"key":"2942_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.06.010","volume":"170","author":"A Tsherniak","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tsherniak A, Vazquez F, Montgomery PG, Weir BA, Kryukov G, Cowley GS, et al. Defining a Cancer dependency map. Cell. 2017;170:564. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2017.06.010.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2942_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3984","volume":"49","author":"RM Meyers","year":"2017","unstructured":"Meyers RM, Bryan JG, McFarland JM, Weir BA, Sizemore AE, Xu H, et al. Computational correction of copy number effect improves specificity of CRISPR-Cas9 essentiality screens in cancer cells. Nat Genet. 2017;49:1779\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ng.3984.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2942_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e57116","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.57116","volume":"10","author":"K Shimada","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shimada K, Bachman JA, Muhlich JL, Mitchison TJ. shinyDepMap, a tool to identify targetable cancer genes and their functional connections from Cancer dependency map data. eLife. 2021;10:e57116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.57116.","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"2942_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1002\/1878-0261.13558","volume":"18","author":"MK Sannigrahi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sannigrahi MK, Cao AC, Rajagopalan P, Sun L, Brody RM, Raghav L, et al. A novel pipeline for prioritizing cancer type-specific therapeutic vulnerabilities using DepMap identifies PAK2 as a target in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Mol Oncol. 2024;18:336\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/1878-0261.13558.","journal-title":"Mol Oncol"},{"key":"2942_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-024-05323-3","volume":"22","author":"X Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang X, Liu J, Wang S, Al-Ameer WHA, Ji J, Cao J, et al. Genome wide-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens identify a fitness score for optimized risk stratification in colorectal cancer. J Transl Med. 2024;22:554. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-024-05323-3.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"2942_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1177\/1724600819896374","volume":"35","author":"S Jiang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jiang S, Li D, Liang Z, Wang Y, Pei X, Tang J. High expression of IGBP1 correlates with poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Biol Markers. 2020;35:33\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1724600819896374.","journal-title":"Int J Biol Markers"},{"key":"2942_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2653","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-023-03357-y","volume":"192","author":"X Xia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xia X, Zhao S, Chen W, Xu C, Zhao D. CCT6A promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition by activating TGF-\u03b2\/Smad\/c-Myc pathway. Ir J Med Sci. 2023;192:2653\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11845-023-03357-y.","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"key":"2942_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2024.01.001","volume":"32","author":"K Bialas","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bialas K, Diaz-Griffero F. HIV-1-induced translocation of CPSF6 to biomolecular condensates. Trends Microbiol. 2024;32:781\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tim.2024.01.001.","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"2942_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2023.100933","volume":"68","author":"C Zhu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhu C, Xie Y, Li Q, Zhang Z, Chen J, Zhang K, et al. CPSF6-mediated XBP1 3\u2019UTR shortening attenuates cisplatin-induced ER stress and elevates chemo-resistance in lung adenocarcinoma. Drug Resist Updat Rev Comment Antimicrob Anticancer Chemother. 2023;68:100933. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drup.2023.100933.","journal-title":"Drug Resist Updat Rev Comment Antimicrob Anticancer Chemother"},{"key":"2942_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0091-2","volume":"50","author":"W Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang W, Bojorquez-Gomez A, Velez DO, Xu G, Sanchez KS, Shen JP, et al. A global transcriptional network connecting noncoding mutations to changes in tumor gene expression. Nat Genet. 2018;50:613. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41588-018-0091-2.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2942_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00323-3","volume":"5","author":"Y-M Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang Y-M, Hong P, Xu WW, He Q-Y, Li B. Advances in targeted therapy for esophageal cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2020;5:229. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-020-00323-3.","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"2942_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1206504","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1206504","volume":"14","author":"Y Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang Y, Yang W, Wang Q, Zhou Y. Mechanisms of esophageal cancer metastasis and treatment progress. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1206504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1206504.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2942_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e008662","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2023-008662","volume":"12","author":"G Xiong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xiong G, Chen Z, Liu Q, Peng F, Zhang C, Cheng M, et al. CD276 regulates the immune escape of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through CXCL1-CXCR2 induced NETs. J Immunother Cancer. 2024;12:e008662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jitc-2023-008662.","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"2942_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01234-4","volume":"398","author":"J-M Sun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sun J-M, Shen L, Shah MA, Enzinger P, Adenis A, Doi T, et al. Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for first-line treatment of advanced oesophageal cancer (KEYNOTE-590): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study. Lancet Lond Engl. 2021;398:759\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01234-4.","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"key":"2942_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e511","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000005818","volume":"278","author":"D Cowzer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cowzer D, Wu AJ-C, Sihag S, Walch HS, Park BJ, Jones DR, et al. Durvalumab and PET-Directed chemoradiation in locally advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma: A phase ib\/ii study. Ann Surg. 2023;278:e511\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0000000000005818.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2942_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2111380","volume":"386","author":"Y Doki","year":"2022","unstructured":"Doki Y, Ajani JA, Kato K, Xu J, Wyrwicz L, Motoyama S, et al. Nivolumab combination therapy in advanced esophageal Squamous-Cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2022;386:449\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2111380.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Discover Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12672-025-02942-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12672-025-02942-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12672-025-02942-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T14:13:37Z","timestamp":1750601617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12672-025-02942-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2942"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12672-025-02942-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2730-6011"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2730-6011","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study utilized de-identified data from publicly available databases, including the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and DepMap (Cancer Dependency Map), which falls under retrospective analysis. According to international ethical standards and the requirements of the target journal, ethical committee approval was not necessary since the data did not involve identifiable human individual information and has been officially anonymized by the database. The research process adhered to the regulations regarding the use of public data as outlined in the \u201cDeclaration of Helsinki\u201d and the \u201cPublic Health Research Ethical Guidelines.\u201d","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent"}},{"value":"As this study analyzes publicly available de-identified data, it does not involve the recruitment or direct contact with specific human participants, and therefore there is no need to obtain individual informed consent. All data is sourced from official database channels, and its use complies with their data usage agreements.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Participation"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1176"}}