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This study aimed to analyze transcriptomic data from both diseases to identify common and unique molecular features, uncover potential biomarkers, and explore therapeutic targets.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Transcriptomic data from OSCC and PD were analyzed using WGCNA to construct gene co-expression networks and identify disease-associated modules. Functional enrichment analyses were conducted to reveal shared biological pathways, particularly those related to extracellular matrix organization. Machine learning methods, including Lasso regression, Random Forest, and SVM-RFE, were applied to select key feature genes. The findings were validated using independent datasets. Immune infiltration analysis using CIBERSORT was performed to assess immune cell interactions, while single-cell RNA sequencing was employed to explore the cellular distribution and functional role of the identified biomarker FNDC3B.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>WGCNA identified key gene modules associated with OSCC and PD, with functional enrichment analyses highlighting shared pathways involved in extracellular matrix organization. Machine learning approaches identified FNDC3B as a central gene in both diseases, and its differential expression was validated in independent datasets. Immune infiltration analysis demonstrated the involvement of FNDC3B in immune cell interactions. Single-cell RNA sequencing further revealed the enrichment of FNDC3B in specific cell types, providing deeper insights into its role in disease progression.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study elucidates the molecular similarities and differences between OSCC and PD, positioning FNDC3B as a critical biomarker for both conditions. The findings enhance our understanding of the shared and distinct mechanisms driving these diseases and provide a foundation for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-025-03728-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T09:25:42Z","timestamp":1760520342000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Integrated bioinformatics analysis of common molecular mechanisms and biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma and periodontal disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Lin","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"She","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenguang","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongtao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fanzhi","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenwei","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3728_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-023-00249-w","volume":"15","author":"Y Tan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tan Y, Wang Z, Xu M, Li B, Huang Z, Qin S, et al. 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