{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T14:20:07Z","timestamp":1789654807536,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discov Onc"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma is a rare type of lymphoma. Although this tumor can occur in several parts of the body, primary intravascular large B-cell lymphoma of the prostate is extremely rare. Currently, there are only four case reports of primary large B-cell lymphoma in the prostate, and there is no comprehensive analysis of case series. Here, we report a case of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma originating from the prostate. Due to the unique morphology and atypical location of tumors under a microscope, pathologists often overlook them.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 52-year-old Chinese male presented with frequent urination, urgency, and nocturia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed prostate hyperplasia, while biopsy revealed the hyperplasia of prostate glands and stroma. A small area had dilated blood vessels, and there were many proliferating cells in the lumen. The cell nucleus was large, the nuclear cytoplasmic ratio was small, and the nuclear morphology was irregular. Multiple immunohistochemical staining were negative, but CD20 was positive. No other tumors were detected on the patient\u2019s whole body scan. We diagnosed it as intravascular large B-cell lymphoma of the prostate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with benign prostate hyperplasia, proliferative blood vessels are found in the interstitium, and there is an accumulation of proliferative large cells in the lumen, which do not resemble endothelial cells, epithelial cells, tissue cells, or inflammatory cells. Pathologists should consider the possibility of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma and conduct immunohistochemical staining for large B-cell lymphoma. Primary intravascular large B-cell lymphoma of the prostate should be diagnosed after ruling out metastatic tumors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-025-04141-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T21:55:22Z","timestamp":1764107722000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical and pathological analysis of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma of the prostate"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jiangying","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiao","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunlin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"4141_CR1","first-page":"e16459","volume":"13","author":"AM Roy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Roy AM, Pandey Y, Middleton D, Broadfoot B, Sasapu A, Veeraputhiran M. Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma: a diagnostic dilemma. Cureus. 2021;13(7):e16459.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"4141_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.269","volume":"3","author":"E Fonkem","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fonkem E, Lok E, Robison D, et al. The natural history of intravascular lymphomatosis. Cancer Med. 2014;3:1010\u201324.","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"4141_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-017-1653-5","volume":"187","author":"FM Brett","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brett FM, Chen D, Loftus T, et al. Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma presenting clinically as rapidly progressive dementia. Ir J Med Sci. 2018;187:319\u201322.","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"key":"4141_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1177\/1066896916665203","volume":"25","author":"J Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang J, Ding W, Gao L, et al. High frequency of bone marrow involvement in intravascular large B-Cell lymphoma. Int J Surg Pathol. 2017;25:118\u201326.","journal-title":"Int J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"4141_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70140-8","volume":"10","author":"K Shimada","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shimada K, Kinoshita T, Naoe T, et al. Presentation and management of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10:895\u2013902.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"4141_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3168","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.08.2313","volume":"25","author":"M Ponzoni","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ponzoni M, Ferreri AJ, Campo E, et al. Definition, diagnosis, and management of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma: proposals and perspectives from an international consensus meeting. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:3168\u201373.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"4141_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2014-0276-CC","volume":"138","author":"JI Warrick","year":"2014","unstructured":"Warrick JI, Owens SR, Tomlins SA. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the prostate. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2014;138:1286\u20139.","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"4141_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.12.132","volume":"21","author":"G Quintini","year":"2003","unstructured":"Quintini G, Barbera V, Franco V, et al. Uncommon presentations of non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma: case 1. Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma: diagnosis on prostate biopsy. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21:564\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"4141_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1177\/1066896911408721","volume":"19","author":"M Xu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Xu M, Yang Q, Li M, et al. Prostate involvement by intravascular large B-cell lymphoma: a case report with literature review. Int J Surg Pathol. 2011;19:544\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"4141_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s12253-008-9051-y","volume":"14","author":"J Csomor","year":"2008","unstructured":"Csomor J, Kasz\u00e1s I, Koll\u00e1r B, et al. Prolonged survival using anti-CD20 combined chemotherapy in primary prostatic intravascular large B-cell lymphoma. Pathol Oncol Res. 2008;14:281\u20134.","journal-title":"Pathol Oncol Res"},{"issue":"50","key":"4141_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000018384","volume":"98","author":"F Zhu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhu F, Pan H, Xiao Y, Li Q, Liu T, Liu X, et al. A case report of primary prostate intravascular large B cell lymphoma presenting as prostatic hyperplasia. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(50):e18384.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR12","first-page":"35","volume":"93","author":"A Charifa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Charifa A, Paulson N, Levy L, Perincheri S, Lee A, McNiff JM, et al. Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma: clinical and histopathologic findings. Yale J Biol Med. 2020;93(1):35\u201340.","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"key":"4141_CR13","first-page":"102276","volume":"45","author":"L Gu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gu L, Li M, Tong G, Wei W, Fan Y, Zhao Y. Prostate primary intravascular large B-cell lymphoma: a case report. Urol Case Rep. 2022;45:102276.","journal-title":"Urol Case Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"4141_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.4103\/IJPM.IJPM_324_20","volume":"64","author":"HB Rallabandi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rallabandi HB, Thirukovela J, Swain M, Meeramira D, Gowrishankar S. Intravascular large B cell lymphoma of prostate, a rare entity. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2021;64(3):575\u20138.","journal-title":"Indian J Pathol Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Discover Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12672-025-04141-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12672-025-04141-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12672-025-04141-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T08:22:01Z","timestamp":1764836521000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12672-025-04141-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4141"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12672-025-04141-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2730-6011"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2730-6011","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The present study was approved by the ethics committee of Mianyang Hospital of T.C.M.\u00a0All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.\u00a0The informed consent was obtained from all subjects and their legal guardian(s).\u00a0The present study was approved by the ethics committee of Mianyang Hospital of T.C.M.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and\u00a0consent to participate"}},{"value":"Informed Consent to Publish was obtained from subject and their legal guardian(s).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"2193"}}