{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T16:02:01Z","timestamp":1786982521058,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":34,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the scientific research of the Heilongjiang Provincial Health Commission","award":["20240909010037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20240909010037"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016072","name":"Postdoctoral Scientific Research Development Fund of Heilongjiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LBH-Z24304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LBH-Z24304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Heilongjiang provincial scientific research project of traditional Chinese Medicine","award":["ZHY2024-041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZHY2024-041"]}]},{"name":"scientific research of the Heilongjiang Provincial Health Commission","award":["20240404050045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20240404050045"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discov Onc"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-025-04278-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T14:44:35Z","timestamp":1766241875000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Innovative AI model for bladder cancer diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyu","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruijiao","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingru","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shijie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"4278_CR1","first-page":"229","volume":"74","author":"F Bray","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024;74(3):229\u201363.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"4278_CR2","first-page":"10","volume":"75","author":"RL Siegel","year":"2025","unstructured":"Siegel RL, Kratzer TB, Giaquinto AN, Sung H, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2025. CA Cancer J Clin. 2025;75(1):10\u201345.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"4278_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phro.2024.100640","volume":"31","author":"LM \u00c5str\u00f6m","year":"2024","unstructured":"\u00c5str\u00f6m LM, Sibolt P, Chamberlin H, Serup-Hansen E, Andersen CE, van Herk M, et al. Artificial intelligence-generated targets and inter-observer variation in online adaptive radiotherapy of bladder cancer. Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol. 2024;31:100640.","journal-title":"Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"4278_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10111134","author":"S Baressi \u0160egota","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baressi \u0160egota S, Lorencin I, Smoli\u0107 K, An\u0111eli\u0107 N, Marki\u0107 D, Mrzljak V, et al. Semantic segmentation of urinary bladder cancer masses from CT images: a transfer learning approach. Biol. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biology10111134.","journal-title":"Biol"},{"key":"4278_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0109298665403178250806111943","author":"Q Fang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fang Q, You C, Xiao X, Liu Y, Yang W, Li Q, et al. Mevalonate metabolic reprogramming drives Cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic targeting. Protein Pept Lett. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/0109298665403178250806111943.","journal-title":"Protein Pept Lett"},{"issue":"3","key":"4278_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.2174\/0115665232268074231026111634","volume":"24","author":"W Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li W, Li G, Sun Y, Zhang L, Cui X, Jia Y, Zhao T. Prediction of SARS-CoV-2 infection phosphorylation sites and associations of these modifications with lung cancer development. Curr Gene Ther. 2024;24(3):239\u201348.","journal-title":"Curr Gene Ther"},{"issue":"9","key":"4278_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2024.02.047","volume":"31","author":"Y Cao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cao Y, Zhu H, Li Z, Liu C, Ye J. CT image-based radiomic analysis for detecting PD-L1 expression status in bladder cancer patients. Acad Radiol. 2024;31(9):3678\u201387.","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4278_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8738","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-09315-w","volume":"7","author":"KH Cha","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cha KH, Hadjiiski L, Chan HP, Weizer AZ, Alva A, Cohan RH, et al. Bladder cancer treatment response assessment in CT using radiomics with deep-learning. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):8738.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"4278_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5814","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.12510","volume":"44","author":"SS Garapati","year":"2017","unstructured":"Garapati SS, Hadjiiski L, Cha KH, Chan HP, Caoili EM, Cohan RH, Weizer A, Alva A, Paramagul C, Wei J, Zhou C. Urinary bladder cancer staging in CT urography using machine learning. Med Phys. 2017;44(11):5814\u201323.","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"issue":"4","key":"4278_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2821","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-09270-9","volume":"33","author":"A Girard","year":"2023","unstructured":"Girard A, Dercle L, Vila-Reyes H, Schwartz LH, Girma A, Bertaux M, Radulescu C, Lebret T, Delcroix O, Rouanne M. A machine-learning-based combination of criteria to detect bladder cancer lymph node metastasis on [(18)F]FDG PET\/CT: a pathology-controlled study. Eur Radiol. 2023;33(4):2821\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"4278_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phro.2023.100501","volume":"28","author":"G Palazzo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Palazzo G, Mangili P, Deantoni C, Fodor A, Broggi S, Castriconi R, et al. Real-world validation of Artificial Intelligence-based Computed Tomography auto-contouring for prostate cancer radiotherapy planning. Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol. 2023;28:100501.","journal-title":"Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4278_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2922","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000001194","volume":"110","author":"Z Wei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wei Z, Xv Y, Liu H, Li Y, Yin S, Xie Y, Chen Y, Lv F, Jiang Q, Li F, Xiao M. A CT-based deep learning model predicts overall survival in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer after radical cystectomy: a multicenter retrospective cohort study. Int J Surg. 2024;110(5):2922\u201332.","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"4278_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5965","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.17288","volume":"51","author":"S Xiong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xiong S, Fu Z, Deng Z, Li S, Zhan X, Zheng F, et al. Machine learning-based CT radiomics enhances bladder cancer staging predictions: a comparative study of clinical, radiomics, and combined models. Med Phys. 2024;51(9):5965\u201377.","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"4278_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2021.109666","volume":"139","author":"Y Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang Y, Zou X, Wang Y, Ma X. Application of deep learning as a noninvasive tool to differentiate muscle-invasive bladder cancer and non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer with CT. Eur J Radiol. 2021;139:109666.","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4278_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s41747-021-00248-8","volume":"5","author":"T Ying","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ying T, Borrelli P, Edenbrandt L, Enqvist O, Kaboteh R, Tr\u00e4g\u00e5rdh E, Ul\u00e9n J, Kj\u00f6lhede H. Automated artificial intelligence-based analysis of skeletal muscle volume predicts overall survival after cystectomy for urinary bladder cancer. Eur Radiol Exp. 2021;5(1):50.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol Exp"},{"key":"4278_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.654685","volume":"11","author":"G Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang G, Wu Z, Xu L, Zhang X, Zhang D, Mao L, et al. Deep learning on enhanced CT images can predict the muscular invasiveness of bladder cancer. Front Oncol. 2021;11:654685.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"4278_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16040606","author":"J Zhang-Yin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang-Yin J, Girard A, Marchal E, Lebret T, Homo Seban M, Uhl M, et al. PET imaging in bladder cancer: an update and future direction. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ph16040606.","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"issue":"8","key":"4278_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5200","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000001510","volume":"110","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zheng Y, Shi H, Hai B, Zhang J. A commentary on \u2018a CT-based deep learning model predicts overall survival in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer after radical cystectomy: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.\u2019 Int J Surg. 2024;110(8):5200\u20131.","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"4278_CR19","unstructured":"Kirk S, Lee Y, Lucchesi FR, Aredes ND, Gruszauskas N, Catto J, Garcia K, Jarosz R, Duddalwar V, Varghese B, Rieger-Christ K, Lemmerman J. The cancer genome atlas urothelial bladder carcinoma collection (TCGA-BLCA) (Version 8) [Data set]. 2016."},{"issue":"3","key":"4278_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2024.10.031","volume":"32","author":"X Chen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Pan Y, Xu H, Shen Y, Cao G, Su MY, Wang M. Combination of deep learning Grad-CAM and radiomics for automatic localization and diagnosis of architectural distortion on DBT. Acad Radiol. 2025;32(3):1287\u201396.","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4278_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14276","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-65240-9","volume":"14","author":"A Fanizzi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fanizzi A, Comes MC, Bove S, Cavalera E, de Franco P, Di Rito A, Errico A, Lioce M, Pati F, Portaluri M, Saponaro C, Scognamillo G, Troiano I, Troiano M, Zito FA, Massafra R. Explainable prediction model for the human papillomavirus status in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma using CNN on CT images. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):14276.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"4278_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-024-01810-9","volume":"15","author":"Z Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang Z, Zhang X, Ju Y, Zhang G, Chang W, Song H, Gao Y. Explainable breast cancer molecular expression prediction using multi-task deep-learning based on 3D whole breast ultrasound. Insights Imaging. 2024;15(1):227.","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"4278_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2025.109841","volume":"189","author":"SJH Shah","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shah SJH, Albishri A, Wang R, Lee Y. Integrating local and global attention mechanisms for enhanced oral cancer detection and explainability. Comput Biol Med. 2025;189:109841.","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"key":"4278_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16213668","author":"FM Talaat","year":"2024","unstructured":"Talaat FM, Gamel SA, El-Balka RM, Shehata M, ZainEldin H. Grad-CAM enabled breast cancer classification with a 3D Inception-ResNet V2: empowering radiologists with explainable insights. Cancers (Basel). 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers16213668.","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"4278_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2024.125242","volume":"326","author":"J Xia","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xia J, Li J, Wang X, Li Y, Li J. Enhanced cancer classification and critical feature visualization using Raman spectroscopy and convolutional neural networks. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2025;326:125242.","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc"},{"issue":"1","key":"4278_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21845","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-72880-4","volume":"14","author":"S Alazwari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alazwari S, Alsamri J, Alamgeer M, Alotaibi SS, Obayya M, Salama AS. Automated gall bladder cancer detection using artificial Gorilla troops optimizer with transfer learning on ultrasound images. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):21845.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4278_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2024.108721","volume":"178","author":"B Bozkurt","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bozkurt B, Coskun K, Bakal G. Building a challenging medical dataset for comparative evaluation of classifier capabilities. Comput Biol Med. 2024;178:108721.","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4278_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.4c02073","volume":"10","author":"Y Jian","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jian Y, Zhang N, Bi Y, Liu X, Fan J, Wu W, et al. TC-sniffer: a Transformer-CNN bibranch framework leveraging auxiliary VOCs for Few-Shot UBC diagnosis via electronic noses. ACS Sens. 2025;10(1):213\u201324.","journal-title":"ACS Sens"},{"issue":"16","key":"4278_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e36144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e36144","volume":"10","author":"Y Kurata","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kurata Y, Nishio M, Moribata Y, Otani S, Himoto Y, Takahashi S, Kusakabe J, Okura R, Shimizu M, Hidaka K, Nishio N, Furuta A, Kido A, Masui K, Onishi H, Segawa T, Kobayashi T, Nakamoto Y. Development of deep learning model for diagnosing muscle-invasive bladder cancer on MRI with vision transformer. Heliyon. 2024;10(16):e36144.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"4278_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25131","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-77101-6","volume":"14","author":"AT Shalata","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shalata AT, Alksas A, Shehata M, Khater S, Ezzat O, Ali KM, Gondim D, Mahmoud A, El-Gendy EM, Mohamed MA, Alghamdi NS, Ghazal M, El-Baz A. Precise grading of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer with multi-scale pyramidal CNN. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):25131.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"4278_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000003846","volume":"211","author":"JM Holzbeierlein","year":"2024","unstructured":"Holzbeierlein JM, Bixler BR, Buckley DI, Chang SS, Holmes R, James AC, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: AUA\/SUO guideline: 2024 amendment. J Urol. 2024;211(4):533\u20138.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"4278_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481296","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1481296","volume":"15","author":"T Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang T, Luo W, Yu J, Zhang H, Hu M, Tian J. Bladder cancer immune-related markers: diagnosis, surveillance, and prognosis. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1481296.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"4278_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116312","volume":"173","author":"J Fan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fan J, Chen B, Luo Q, Li J, Huang Y, Zhu M, et al. Potential molecular biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer. Biomed Pharmacother. 2024;173:116312.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"4","key":"4278_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2024.0024","volume":"22","author":"TW Flaig","year":"2024","unstructured":"Flaig TW, Spiess PE, Abern M, Agarwal N, Bangs R, Buyyounouski MK, et al. NCCN guidelines\u00ae insights: bladder cancer, version 3.2024. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2024;22(4):216\u201325.","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"key":"4278_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1406806","DOI":"10.3389\/frai.2024.1406806","volume":"7","author":"MR Borna","year":"2024","unstructured":"Borna MR, Sepehri MM, Shadpour P, Khaleghi Mehr F. Enhancing bladder cancer diagnosis through transitional cell carcinoma polyp detection and segmentation: an artificial intelligence powered deep learning solution. Front Artif Intell. 2024;7:1406806.","journal-title":"Front Artif Intell"},{"issue":"2","key":"4278_CR36","first-page":"192","volume":"213","author":"Y Lotan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lotan Y, Krishna V, Abuzeid WM, Launer B, Chang SS, Krishna V, et al. Predicting response to intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin in high-risk nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer using an artificial Intelligence-Powered pathology assay: development and validation in an international 12-Center cohort. J Urol. 2025;213(2):192\u2013204.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"4278_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1487676","volume":"14","author":"X Ma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ma X, Zhang Q, He L, Liu X, Xiao Y, Hu J, et al. Artificial intelligence application in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer: advance, challenges, and opportunities. Front Oncol. 2024;14:1487676.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"4278_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1440626","volume":"14","author":"M Zhu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhu M, Gu Z, Chen F, Chen X, Wang Y, Zhao G. Application of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and treatment of urinary tumors. Front Oncol. 2024;14:1440626.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4278_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s40364-023-00488-3","volume":"11","author":"ZD Shi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shi ZD, Han XX, Song ZJ, Dong Y, Pang K, Wang XL, Liu XY, Lu H, Xu GZ, Hao L, Dong BZ, Liang Q, Wu XK, Han CH. Integrative multi-omics analysis depicts the methylome and hydroxymethylome in recurrent bladder cancers and identifies biomarkers for predicting PD-L1 expression. Biomark Res. 2023;11(1):47.","journal-title":"Biomark Res"},{"key":"4278_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.817086","volume":"9","author":"S Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang S, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Liang Y, Du Y, Wang G. Identification of prognostic biomarkers for bladder cancer based on DNA methylation profile. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;9:817086.","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"4278_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241512489","author":"V Fiorentino","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fiorentino V, Pizzimenti C, Franchina M, Rossi ED, Tralongo P, Carlino A, et al. Bladder Epicheck test: a novel tool to support urothelial carcinoma diagnosis in urine samples. Int J Mol Sci. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms241512489.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"4278_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2020-206633","volume":"74","author":"F Pierconti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pierconti F, Martini M, Cenci T, Fiorentino V, Sacco E, Bientinesi R, Pugliese D, Iacovelli R, Schinzari G, Larocca LM, Bassi PF. Methylation study of the Paris system for reporting urinary (TPS) categories. J Clin Pathol. 2021;74(2):102\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4278_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1111\/his.15287","volume":"85","author":"A Lobo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lobo A, Collins K, Kaushal S, Acosta AM, Akgul M, Adhya AK, Al-Ahmadie HA, Al-Obaidy KI, Amin A, Amin MB, Aron M, Balzer BL, Biswal R, Mohanty S, Browning L, Chakrabarti I, Cima L, Cimadamore A, Desai S, Dhillon J, Deshwal A, Diego GG, Diwaker P, Galea LA, Magi-Galluzzi C, Giannico GA, Gupta NS, Haider A, Hirsch MS, Iczkowski KA, Arora S, Jain E, Jain D, Jha S, Kandukuri S, Kao CS, Kryvenko ON, Kumar RM, Kumari N, Kunju LP, Kuthi L, Lobo J, Lopez JI, Luthringer DJ, Maclean F, Manini C, Mannan R, Martos MG, Mehra R, Menon S, Mishra P, Moch H, Montironi R, Baisakh MR, Netto GJ, Nigam LK, Osunkoya AO, Pagliuca F, Paner GP, Panizo A, Parwani AV, Picken MM, Prendeville S, Przybycin CG, Purkait S, Queipo FJ, Rao BV, Rao P, Reuter VE, Sancheti S, Sangoi AR, Sardana R, Satturwar S, Shah RB, Sharma S, Dixit M, Verma M, Sirohi D, Smith SC, Soni S, Sundaram S, Swain M, Tretiakova M, Trpkov K, Mu\u00f1izUnamunzaga G, Zhou M, Williamson SR, Lopez-Beltran A, Cheng L, Mohanty SK. Advances, recognition, and interpretation of molecular heterogeneity among conventional and subtype histology of urothelial carcinoma (UC): a survey among urologic pathologists and comprehensive review of the literature. Histopathology. 2024;85(5):748\u201359.","journal-title":"Histopathology"}],"container-title":["Discover Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12672-025-04278-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12672-025-04278-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12672-025-04278-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T13:05:38Z","timestamp":1769173538000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12672-025-04278-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4278"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12672-025-04278-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2730-6011"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2730-6011","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Heilong Provincial Hospital.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Institutional review board statement"}}],"article-number":"140"}}