{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T17:12:11Z","timestamp":1781629931476,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768867200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discov Onc"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epididymal leiomyosarcoma is a rare, malignant neoplasm (Fisher et al. in Am J Surg Pathol 25(9):1143\u20139, 2001) characterized by rapid growth and aggressive behavior. Over the past decade, fewer than 30 cases of epididymal leiomyosarcoma have been reported globally.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2024, a male presented to the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Universityl with a left scrotal mass. The patient underwent scrotal ultrasound and pelvic MRI, initially diagnosed with a hypervascular tumor of the epididymis; however, the precise nature of the tumor remained indeterminate before surgery. Following radical orchiectomy, postoperative pathology confirmed the diagnosis of epididymal leiomyosarcoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although epididymal leiomyosarcoma represents a rare entity, it should be included in the differential diagnosis when patients present with a progressive scrotal mass demonstrating characteristic imaging features of diffusion restriction, heterogeneous hypoechogenicity, and hypervascularity. Notably, despite the well-demarcated contours and regular configuration of early-stage lesions, radical orchiectomy should be strongly recommended over simple epididymectomy given the tumor\u2019s aggressive biological behavior. Simple epididymectomy is associated with higher recurrence rates. Long-term, rigorous surveillance remains paramount for disease management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-026-04443-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T06:15:47Z","timestamp":1768889747000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epididymal leiomyosarcoma: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Qingdian","family":"Cong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhilan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruoling","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiqing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jibo","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"4443_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200109000-00004","volume":"25","author":"C Fisher","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fisher C, Goldblum JR, Epstein JI, Montgomery E Leiomyosarcoma of the paratesticular region: a clinicopathologic study. 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The studies were conducted in accordance with the local legislation and institutional requirements. The patient has consented to the use of his medical information in this case report. His signed informed consent form is available upon request.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The patient has consented to publish his medical information. All authors, including Qingdian Cong, Jiaying Liu, Zhilan Huang, Ruoling Gao, Huiqing Zhang, and Jibo Hu have consented to the publication of the manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"299"}}