{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T17:18:21Z","timestamp":1783358301382,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":78,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discov Onc"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-026-05020-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T08:34:50Z","timestamp":1776587690000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prognostic influence of clinicopathological and laboratory factors on colorectal cancer survival in Amhara region oncology centers, retrospective cohort study, Ethiopia, 2024"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6129-4131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Getachew Tesfaw","family":"Walle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seteamlak Adane","family":"Masresha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tegene Atamenta","family":"kitaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betelhem Walelgn","family":"Dagnew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biruk Beletew","family":"Abate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Molla","family":"Azmeraw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"5020_CR1","unstructured":"WHO. Colorectal cancer. WHO, 11. 2023."},{"issue":"3","key":"5020_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","volume":"71","author":"H Sung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sung H, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209\u201349.","journal-title":"Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"9","key":"5020_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2017.217","volume":"112","author":"JJ Karlitz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Karlitz JJ, et al. The American College of Gastroenterology and the 80% by 2018 colorectal cancer initiative: a multifaceted approach to maximize screening rates. Official J Am Coll Gastroenterology| ACG. 2017;112(9):1360\u20132.","journal-title":"Official J Am Coll Gastroenterology| ACG"},{"issue":"4","key":"5020_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21457","volume":"68","author":"AM Wolf","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wolf AM, et al. Colorectal cancer screening for average-risk adults: 2018 guideline update from the American Cancer Society. Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(4):250\u201381.","journal-title":"Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"11","key":"5020_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4667","DOI":"10.18203\/2320-6012.ijrms20174914","volume":"5","author":"JJ Granados-Romero","year":"2017","unstructured":"Granados-Romero JJ, et al. Colorectal cancer: a review. Int J Res Med Sci. 2017;5(11):4667.","journal-title":"Int J Res Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"5020_CR6","first-page":"671","volume":"56","author":"DED Maria Dobre","year":"2015","unstructured":"Maria Dobre DED, Panaitescu E, B\u00eerl\u0103 RD, Iosif CI, Boeriu M, Constantinoiu S. Roxana Nicoleta Ivan, Carmen Maria Ardeleanu, Marieta Costache, KRAS gene mutations prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. Romanian J Morphology Embryol. 2015;56(2):671\u20138.","journal-title":"Romanian J Morphology Embryol"},{"key":"5020_CR7","first-page":"5","volume":"65","author":"L Rebecca","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rebecca L, Siegel 1 KDM, Jemal A. Cancer statistics CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65:5\u201329.","journal-title":"Cancer statistics CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"5020_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.2174\/0115733947270529231116114913","volume":"21","author":"MP Modarres","year":"2025","unstructured":"Modarres MP, et al. Alterations of the gut microbiome and metabolome following: a opportunity for early detection of colorectal cancer. Curr Cancer Therapy Reviews. 2025;21(1):10\u201322.","journal-title":"Curr Cancer Ther Rev"},{"key":"5020_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmadpour S et al. The effects of tumor-derived supernatants (TDS) on cancer cell progression: a review and update on carcinogenesis and immunotherapy. Cancer Treat Res Commun, 2024: p. 100823.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2024.100823"},{"issue":"4","key":"5020_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.2174\/0115733947259130231003044741","volume":"20","author":"S Ahmadpour","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ahmadpour S, et al. Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer: Conventional Techniques and Current Biomarkers. Curr Cancer Therapy Reviews. 2024;20(4):327\u201340.","journal-title":"Curr Cancer Therapy Reviews"},{"issue":"5","key":"5020_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2016.221","volume":"115","author":"FM Walter","year":"2016","unstructured":"Walter FM, et al. Symptoms and patient factors associated with longer time to diagnosis for colorectal cancer: results from a prospective cohort study. Br J Cancer. 2016;115(5):533\u201341.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"5020_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-019-0385-x","volume":"120","author":"S Rasmussen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rasmussen S, et al. Predictive values of colorectal cancer alarm symptoms in the general population: a nationwide cohort study. Br J Cancer. 2019;120(6):595\u2013600.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"5020_CR13","first-page":"985","volume":"31","author":"DZ Ashebir","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ashebir DZ, Gebreselassie HA. Pattern and Outcome of Colorectal and Perianal Surgery in a Referral Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2021;31(5):985\u201392.","journal-title":"Ethiop J Health Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"5020_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.4314\/ejhs.v26i2.5","volume":"26","author":"A Engida","year":"2016","unstructured":"Engida A, et al. Types and Indications of Colostomy and Determinants of Outcomes of Patients After Surgery. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2016;26(2):117\u201320.","journal-title":"Ethiop J Health Sci"},{"issue":"22","key":"5020_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4881","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.05.120","volume":"23","author":"M Ducreux","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ducreux M, et al. Hepatic arterial oxaliplatin infusion plus intravenous chemotherapy in colorectal cancer with inoperable hepatic metastases: a trial of the gastrointestinal group of the Federation Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(22):4881\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"5020_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2015.03.236","volume":"41","author":"J Govaert","year":"2015","unstructured":"Govaert J, et al. Costs of complications after colorectal cancer surgery in the Netherlands: building the business case for hospitals. Eur J Surg Oncol (EJSO). 2015;41(8):1059\u201367.","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol (EJSO)"},{"key":"5020_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sullivan T, Sullivan R, Ginsburg OM. Screening for cancer: considerations for low-and middle-income countries. Disease control priorities\u2022 third edition; 2015. p. 211.","DOI":"10.1596\/978-1-4648-0349-9_ch12"},{"key":"5020_CR18","first-page":"3","volume":"24","author":"SSAW Mulugeta","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mulugeta SSAW. Diagnosis and Risk Factors of Advanced Cancers in Ethiopia. J Cancer Prev. 2019;24:3.","journal-title":"J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"3","key":"5020_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.15430\/JCP.2019.24.3.163","volume":"24","author":"S Solomon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Solomon S, Mulugeta W. Diagnosis and Risk Factors of Advantage Cancers in Ethiopia. J Cancer Prev. 2019;24(3):163\u201372.","journal-title":"J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"10","key":"5020_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.15419\/bmrat.v4i10.372","volume":"4","author":"HS Gandomani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gandomani HS, et al. Colorectal cancer in the world: incidence, mortality and risk factors. Biomedical Res Therapy. 2017;4(10):1656\u201375.","journal-title":"Biomedical Res Therapy"},{"issue":"12","key":"5020_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-019-0189-8","volume":"16","author":"N Keum","year":"2019","unstructured":"Keum N, Giovannucci E. Global burden of colorectal cancer: emerging trends, risk factors and prevention strategies. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;16(12):713\u201332.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"10207","key":"5020_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32319-0","volume":"394","author":"E Dekker","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dekker E, et al. Colorectal cancer. Lancet. 2019;394(10207):1467\u201380.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"5020_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-0116-z","volume":"5","author":"YH Xie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xie YH, Chen YX, Fang JY. Comprehensive review of targeted therapy for colorectal cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2020;5(1):22.","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"5020_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20107","volume":"61","author":"A Jemal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jemal A, et al. Global cancer statistics. Cancer J Clin. 2011;61(2):69\u201390.","journal-title":"Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"14","key":"5020_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.05.2308","volume":"24","author":"F Kamangar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kamangar F, Dores GM, Anderson WF. Patterns of cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence across five continents: defining priorities to reduce cancer disparities in different geographic regions of the world. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(14):2137\u201350.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"5020_CR26","unstructured":"Ferlay J et al. GLOBOCAN 2002: cancer incidence, mortality and prevalence worldwide. IARC cancerbase, 2004. 5(2.0)."},{"issue":"6","key":"5020_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20038","volume":"59","author":"MM Center","year":"2009","unstructured":"Center MM, et al. Worldwide variations in colorectal cancer. Cancer J Clin. 2009;59(6):366\u201378.","journal-title":"Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"5020_CR28","unstructured":"Arnold M, et al. Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Gut. 2016. p. gutjnl-2015-310912."},{"key":"5020_CR29","unstructured":"Siegel RL et al. Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer incidence in young adults. Gut, 2019: p. gutjnl-2019-319511."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"5020_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.03.007","volume":"50","author":"C Anugwom","year":"2023","unstructured":"Anugwom C, et al. Epidemiology and genetics of early onset colorectal cancer-African overview with a focus on Ethiopia. Semin Oncol. 2023;50(1\u20132):28\u201333.","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5020_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20555","volume":"113","author":"C Bosetti","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bosetti C, et al. Trends in colorectal cancer mortality in Japan, 1970\u20132000. Int J Cancer. 2005;113(2):339\u201341.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"5020_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-09-0090","volume":"18","author":"MM Center","year":"2009","unstructured":"Center MM, Jemal A, Ward E. International trends in colorectal cancer incidence rates. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009;18(6):1688\u201394.","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"5020_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2020.102882","volume":"147","author":"E Rassy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rassy E, et al. New rising entities in cancer of unknown primary: Is there a real therapeutic benefit? Crit Rev Oncol\/Hematol. 2020;147:102882.","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol\/Hematol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5020_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.02.068","volume":"159","author":"M Arnold","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arnold M, et al. Global burden of 5 major types of gastrointestinal cancer. Gastroenterology. 2020;159(1):335\u201349. e15.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"9","key":"5020_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12091534","volume":"12","author":"M Osseis","year":"2022","unstructured":"Osseis M, et al. Surgery for T4 colorectal cancer in older patients: determinants of outcomes. J personalized Med. 2022;12(9):1534.","journal-title":"J personalized Med"},{"key":"5020_CR36","unstructured":"Cancer IA. f.R.o., International Agency for Research on Cancer, Organization WH, Globocan. Cancer Fact Sheets. Hum Papillomaviruses, 2012; 64."},{"key":"5020_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-017-2907-4","volume":"32","author":"H-Y Hung","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hung H-Y, et al. Preoperative alkaline phosphatase elevation was associated with poor survival in colorectal cancer patients. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2017;32:1775\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"4suppl","key":"5020_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2011.29.4_suppl.183","volume":"29","author":"I Ohno","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ohno I, et al. Clinical significance of serum alkaline phosphatase level in advanced pancreatic cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(4suppl):183\u2013183.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5020_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12736","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-17128-9","volume":"12","author":"AF Awedew","year":"2022","unstructured":"Awedew AF, Asefa Z, Belay WB. National Burden and Trend of Cancer in Ethiopia, 2010\u20132019: a systemic analysis for Global burden of disease study. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):12736.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"5020_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0246424","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0246424","volume":"16","author":"EK Etissa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Etissa EK, Assefa M, Ayele BT. Prognosis of colorectal cancer in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, the only oncology center in Ethiopia. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(2):e0246424.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"9","key":"5020_CR41","first-page":"e1869","volume":"6","author":"GT Zingeta","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zingeta GT, et al. Clinical presentation, treatment patterns, and outcomes of colorectal cancer patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A prospective cohort study. Cancer Rep (Hoboken). 2023;6(9):e1869.","journal-title":"Cancer Rep (Hoboken)"},{"key":"5020_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S349495","volume":"14","author":"YM Tiruneh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tiruneh YM, Beshah DT, Wassie M. Incidence of Mortality and Associated Factors Among Colorectal Cancer Patients at Oncology Units of Northwest Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Cancer Manag Res. 2022;14:1445\u201355.","journal-title":"Cancer Manag Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"5020_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-017-0235-7","volume":"16","author":"T Worku","year":"2017","unstructured":"Worku T, et al. Rehabilitation for cancer patients at Black Lion hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Palliat Care. 2017;16(1):53.","journal-title":"BMC Palliat Care"},{"key":"5020_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205031212211316","DOI":"10.1177\/20503121221131691","volume":"10","author":"B Kefale","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kefale B, et al. Clinical pattern and drug-related problems among colorectal cancer patients at oncology center in Ethiopia: A hospital-based study. SAGE Open Med. 2022;10:20503121221131691.","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med"},{"key":"5020_CR45","first-page":"1","volume":"4","author":"ST Memirie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Memirie ST, et al. Estimates of Cancer Incidence in Ethiopia in 2015 Using Population-Based Registry Data. J Glob Oncol. 2018;4:1\u201311.","journal-title":"J Glob Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5020_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0273692","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0273692","volume":"17","author":"M Wassie","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wassie M, Beshah DT, Tiruneh YM. Advanced stage presentation and its determinant factors among colorectal cancer patients in Amhara regional state Referral Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(10):e0273692.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"6","key":"5020_CR47","first-page":"469","volume":"5","author":"RJ Loffeld","year":"2014","unstructured":"Loffeld RJ, et al. The localisation of cancer in the sigmoid, rectum or rectosigmoid junction using endoscopy or radiology-What is the most accurate method? J Gastrointest Oncol. 2014;5(6):469\u201373.","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"5020_CR48","first-page":"469","volume":"5","author":"RJ Loffeld","year":"2014","unstructured":"Loffeld RJ, et al. The localisation of cancer in the sigmoid, rectum or rectosigmoid junction using endoscopy or radiology\u2014What is the most accurate method? J Gastrointest Oncol. 2014;5(6):469.","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"issue":"10207","key":"5020_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32319-0","volume":"394","author":"E Dekker","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dekker E, et al. Pure-amc Lancet. 2019;394(10207):1467\u201380.","journal-title":"Pure-amc Lancet"},{"key":"5020_CR50","unstructured":"Amin MB, et al. AJCC cancer staging manual. Springer; 2017; 1024"},{"issue":"12","key":"5020_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.03.012","volume":"57","author":"V Sundararajan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sundararajan V, et al. New ICD-10 version of the Charlson comorbidity index predicted in-hospital mortality. J Clin Epidemiol. 2004;57(12):1288\u201394.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5020_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.15430\/JCP.2020.25.1.38","volume":"25","author":"BT Atinafu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Atinafu BT, Bulti FA, Demelew TM. Survival Status and Predictors of Mortality Among Colorectal Cancer Patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Retrospective Followup Study. J Cancer Prev. 2020;25(1):38\u201347.","journal-title":"J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"5020_CR53","unstructured":"Medeiros GC et al. Factors associated with delay between diagnosis and initiation of breast cancer treatment: a cohort study with 204,130 cases in Brazil. 2020."},{"issue":"2","key":"5020_CR54","first-page":"93","volume":"67","author":"MB Amin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Amin MB, et al. The Eighth Edition AJCC Cancer Staging Manual: Continuing to build a bridge from a population-based to a more personalized approach to cancer staging. CA Cancer J Clin. 2017;67(2):93\u20139.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"6","key":"5020_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601231","volume":"89","author":"S Blagden","year":"2003","unstructured":"Blagden S, et al. Performance status score: do patients and their oncologists agree? Br J Cancer. 2003;89(6):1022\u20137.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"5020_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8933","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008933","volume":"5","author":"JJ Sacco","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sacco JJ, et al. The average body surface area of adult cancer patients in the UK: a multicentre retrospective study. PLoS ONE. 2010;5(1):e8933.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"5020_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbo.2020.100338","volume":"26","author":"O Annibali","year":"2021","unstructured":"Annibali O, et al. Alkaline phosphatase (alp) levels in multiple myeloma and solid cancers with bone lesions: Is there any difference? J bone Oncol. 2021;26:100338.","journal-title":"J bone Oncol"},{"key":"5020_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huai S et al. Time to initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy and survival in patients with stage II and III rectal cancer not receiving total neoadjuvant therapy. Oncologie, 2024","DOI":"10.1515\/oncologie-2023-0585"},{"key":"5020_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.00076","volume":"9","author":"CB Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang CB, et al. Impact of tumor location and variables associated with overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer: a mayo clinic colon and rectal cancer registry study. Front Oncol. 2019;9:76.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5020_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e06366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06366","volume":"7","author":"MA Teka","year":"2021","unstructured":"Teka MA, et al. Histological characteristics, survival pattern and prognostic determinants among colorectal cancer patients in Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study. Heliyon. 2021;7(2):e06366.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"5","key":"5020_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2013.764008","volume":"52","author":"C Maringe","year":"2013","unstructured":"Maringe C, et al. Stage at diagnosis and colorectal cancer survival in six high-income countries: a population-based study of patients diagnosed during 2000\u20132007. Acta Oncol. 2013;52(5):919\u201332.","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5020_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2020.21.1.259","volume":"21","author":"E Leong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Leong E, et al. Survival rates and associated factors of colorectal cancer patients in Brunei Darussalam. Asian Pac J cancer prevention: APJCP. 2020;21(1):259.","journal-title":"Asian Pac J cancer prevention: APJCP"},{"issue":"2","key":"5020_CR63","first-page":"e201","volume":"17","author":"S Ahmed","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ahmed S, et al. Primary tumor location and survival in the general population with metastatic colorectal cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2018;17(2):e201\u20136.","journal-title":"Clin Colorectal Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"5020_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e3181a7b7de","volume":"52","author":"CM Wray","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wray CM, et al. Tumor subsite location within the colon is prognostic for survival after colon cancer diagnosis. Dis Colon Rectum. 2009;52(8):1359\u201366.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"12","key":"5020_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02257785","volume":"37","author":"G Lindmark","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lindmark G, et al. Prognostic predictors in colorectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum. 1994;37(12):1219\u201327.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"4","key":"5020_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.2217\/pme-2021-0128","volume":"19","author":"S Adeleke","year":"2022","unstructured":"Adeleke S, et al. Microsatellite instability testing in colorectal patients with Lynch syndrome: lessons learned from a case report and how to avoid such pitfalls. Personalized Med. 2022;19(4):277\u201386.","journal-title":"Personalized Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5020_CR67","first-page":"52","volume":"14","author":"MC Teixeira","year":"2015","unstructured":"Teixeira MC, et al. The effects of palliative chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer patients with an ECOG performance status of 3 and 4. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2015;14(1):52\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Colorectal Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"5020_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19572-y","volume":"8","author":"JP V\u00e4yrynen","year":"2018","unstructured":"V\u00e4yrynen JP, et al. Preoperative anemia in colorectal cancer: relationships with tumor characteristics, systemic inflammation, and survival. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):1126.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["Discover Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12672-026-05020-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12672-026-05020-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12672-026-05020-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T17:02:16Z","timestamp":1783357336000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12672-026-05020-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12672-026-05020-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2730-6011"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2730-6011","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Woldia University (Approval number: WDU\/IRB002). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. Patient records were anonymzed, and confidentiality was strictly maintained throughout the research process. A waiver of informed consent was granted by the Institutional Review Board of Woldia University, Faculty of Health Sciences, as the study involved retrospective review of medical records without direct patient contact.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"990"}}