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This descriptive study evaluated the landscape of oncogenetics training within Medical Genetics Residency Programs in Brazil. Data were collected through online questionnaires and interviews with program supervisors. We assessed rotation availability, timing and duration, clinical and theoretical workload, multidisciplinary care, and competency assessment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. All twelve accredited programs participated. Eleven (92%) offered oncogenetics training, primarily in the third year of residency. While half of the programs provided internal rotations, all allowed external rotations to compensate for local infrastructure limitations. Residents completed a mean of 250.1 practical hours (SD 126.5; range 40\u2013400) over approximately 6.5 months, seeing about 13 patients per week (SD 9.2; range 5\u201330). 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The study suggests that establishing inter-institutional networks and formalizing external rotations may help reduce geographic and technological disparities and support more consistent oncogenetics training in medical genetics residency programs across Brazil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12687-026-00916-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T03:22:59Z","timestamp":1782703379000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oncogenetics training in Brazilian medical genetics residency programs: current landscape and challenges"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2149-5188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amaro Freire","family":"de Queiroz J\u00fanior","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1494-1373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelina Xavier","family":"Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5148-3063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Eduardo","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4321-1951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cezar Ant\u00f4nio Abreu","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1754-1300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chong Ae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1106-4061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando Regla","family":"Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1890-4721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Denise Fernandes Carvalho","family":"de Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5833-6856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patr\u00edcia Santana","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7628-4877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Ricardo Gazzola","family":"Zen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6588-2643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romina Soledad","family":"Heredia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0337-4588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor Evangelista","family":"de Faria Ferraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7005-3544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D\u00e9bora Gusm\u00e3o","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5093-4739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Ashton-Prolla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"916_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s12687-013-0167-8","volume":"5","author":"S Aissaoui","year":"2014","unstructured":"Aissaoui S, Aissaoui H, Giraud S, Pinson S, Calender A (2014) Development of multidisciplinary committees for decision making and care management in hereditary colon cancer: the French state of the art. 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