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Stroke Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a clinically relevant non-invasive imaging tool commonly utilized to assess stroke progression in real time. This study investigated the utility of MRI as a predictive measure of clinical and functional outcomes when a stroke intervention is withheld or provided, in order to identify biomarkers for stroke functional outcome under these conditions. Fifteen MRI and ninety functional parameters were measured in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) porcine ischemic stroke model. Multiparametric analysis of correlations between MRI measurements and functional outcome was conducted. Acute axial and coronal midline shift (MLS) at 24 h post-stroke were associated with decreased survival and recovery measured by modified Rankin scale (mRS) and were significantly correlated with 52 measured acute (day 1 post) and chronic (day 84 post) gait and behavior impairments in non-treated stroked animals. These results suggest that MLS may be an important non-invasive biomarker that can be used to predict patient outcomes and prognosis as well as guide therapeutic intervention and rehabilitation in non-treated animals and potentially human patients that do not receive interventional treatments. Neural stem cell\u2013derived extracellular vesicle (NSC EV) was a disruptive therapy because NSC EV administration post-stroke disrupted MLS correlations observed in non-treated stroked animals. MLS was not associated with survival and functional outcomes in NSC EV\u2013treated animals. In contrast to untreated animals, NSC EVs improved stroked animal outcomes regardless of MLS severity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-019-00753-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]],"date-time":"2019-12-06T15:03:51Z","timestamp":1575644631000},"page":"776-788","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Neural Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles Disrupt Midline Shift Predictive Outcomes in Porcine Ischemic Stroke Model"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5648-8816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha E.","family":"Spellicy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin E.","family":"Kaiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Bowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9900-8077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian J.","family":"Jurgielewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin L.","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0504-7997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franklin D.","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5710-5872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven L.","family":"Stice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"753_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4863079","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4863079","volume":"2017","author":"C Reis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Reis C, Akyol O, Ho WM, Araujo C, Huang L, Applegate R II, et al. 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Aruna Bio provided research funding to F.D. W. for the original animal studies. S.L.S. was a part time employee of Aruna Bio during the study. SLS is an inventor on patent US 8,178,089 and US 7,531,354, method of producing feeder cell\u2013free neuroprogenitor cells, by contacting pluripotent stem cells with bFGF and a differentiation protein and assigned University of Georgia Research Foundation and exclusively licensed by Aruna Bio. SLS and RW have a patent pending on neural exosomes, assigned University of Georgia Research Foundation, and exclusively licensed by Aruna Bio. These patents are related to the source of material used in the original study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"All work performed in this study was done in accordance with and approved by the University of Georgia Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee guidelines. 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