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Stroke Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intra-carotid cold infusion (ICCI) appears as a promising method for hypothermia-mediated brain protection from ischemic stroke. Recent clinical pilot studies indicate easy implementation of ICCI into endovascular acute ischemic stroke treatment. Current rodent ICCI-in-stroke models limit ICCI to the post-reperfusion phase. To establish a method for continuous ICCI over the duration of intra-ischemia to post-reperfusion in rodent stroke models, a novel system was developed. Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were included. Intraluminal filament method was used for transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Normal saline (~\u20090\u00a0\u00b0C) was delivered (\u2264\u20092.0\u00a0mL\/min) into the internal carotid artery via a customized infusion system without interruption during MCAO (intra-ischemia) to after filament withdrawal (post-reperfusion). Bilateral cortical and striatal temperatures were monitored. Hypothermia goals were a temperature reduction in the ischemic hemisphere by 2\u00a0\u00b0C prior to reperfusion and thereafter maintenance of regional brain hypothermia at ~\u200932\u00a0\u00b0C limiting the administered ICCI volume to \u00bd of each rat\u2019s total blood volume. During ischemia, maximum brain cooling rate was achieved with ICCI at 0.5\u00a0mL\/min. It took 2\u00a0min to reduce ischemic striatal temperature by 2.3\u2009\u00b1\u20090.3\u00a0\u00b0C. After reperfusion, brain cooling was continued at 2\u00a0mL\/min ICCI first (over 42\u00a0s) and maintained at 32.1\u2009\u00b1\u20090.3\u00a0\u00b0C at 0.7\u00a0mL\/min ICCI over a duration of 15\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8\u00a0min. ICCI (total 12.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.6\u00a0mL) was uninterrupted over the duration of the studied phases. First system that\u00a0allows continuous ICCI during the phases of intra-ischemia to post-reperfusion in small animals for selective brain cooling and for investigations of other neuroprotective infusions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-020-00848-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T19:55:32Z","timestamp":1599767732000},"page":"676-687","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A System for Continuous Pre- to Post-reperfusion Intra-carotid Cold Infusion for Selective Brain Hypothermia in Rodent StrokeModels"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae H.","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed A.","family":"Almekhlafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulf","family":"Ziemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0286-8781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sven","family":"Poli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"848_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16645112","volume":"36","author":"OM Dumitrascu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dumitrascu OM, Lamb J, Lyden PD. 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He received research grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb\/Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo, the European Union (EU), the Federal Joint Committee Innovation Fund (GB-A Innovationsfonds), and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), and speakers\u2019 honoraria and consulting fees from Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb\/Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo, and Werfen, all outside the current study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"Protocol approval was obtained from the competent authority, Regierungspraesidium Tuebingen, Germany (animal test protocol no. N3\/13). Animal surgery was performed in accordance with the guidelines of the animal welfare care committee of Tuebingen University.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}}]}}