{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T08:16:57Z","timestamp":1787818617068,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82401567"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82401567"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project","award":["2023ZD0515600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZD0515600"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transl. Stroke Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-026-01463-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T04:58:03Z","timestamp":1781672283000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Choroidal Changes in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Studied by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jiahe","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuchao","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianxian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suiqiang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1394-3481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shanshan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"1463_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00114-X","volume":"22","author":"KOEMANS E A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Koemans E A, Chhatwal J P, Van Veluw S J, et al. Progression of cerebral amyloid angiopathy: A pathophysiological framework [J]. Lancet Neurol. 2023;22(7):632\u201342.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1463_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00208-3","volume":"21","author":"A CHARIDIMOU","year":"2022","unstructured":"Charidimou A, Boulouis G, Frosch M P, et al. The Boston criteria version 2.0 for cerebral amyloid angiopathy: A multicentre, retrospective, MRI-neuropathology diagnostic accuracy study [J]. Lancet Neurol. 2022;21(8):714\u201325.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1463_CR3","first-page":"277","volume":"7","author":"S ZHAO","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zhao S, Overbeek PA. Regulation of choroid development by the retinal pigment epithelium [J]. Mol Vis. 2001;7:277\u201382.","journal-title":"Mol Vis"},{"issue":"4","key":"1463_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0266974","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0266974","volume":"17","author":"BIFFIE TURPLE","year":"2022","unstructured":"Turple Biffie, Chung Z. Retinal biomarkers of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: A systematic review [J]. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(4):e0266974.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1463_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tian L, Kazmierkiewicz K L, Bowman A S et al. Transcriptome of the human retina, retinal pigmented epithelium and choroid [J]. Genomics. 2015;105(5\u20136):253\u2009\u2013\u200964.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2015.01.008"},{"key":"1463_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2021.117383","volume":"423","author":"J ALBER","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alber J, Arthur E. The relationship between cerebral and retinal microbleeds in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA): A pilot study [J]. J Neurol Sci. 2021;423:117383.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"1463_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee A, Rudkin A, Agzarian M et al. Retinal vascular abnormalities in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy [J]. Cerebrovascular diseases. 2009;28(6):618\u201322.","DOI":"10.1159\/000251173"},{"issue":"12","key":"1463_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14507","volume":"27","author":"VAN ETTEN E S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Van Etten E S, De Boer I, Steenmeijer S R, et al. Optical coherence tomography detects retinal changes in hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy [J]. Eur J Neurol. 2020;27(12):2635\u201340.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"1463_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2021.120005","volume":"430","author":"A SCHARF","year":"2021","unstructured":"Scharf A, Margraf N G, Tode J, et al. Multiple retinal aneurysms in probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy [J]. J Neurol Sci. 2021;430:120005.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1463_CR10","first-page":"140","volume":"67","author":"G ALACAMLI","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alacamli G, Kaderli S T Edebalis, et al. Microvascular changes in obese adults detected by optical coherence tomography angiography [J]. Romanian J Ophthalmol. 2023;67(2):140\u20135.","journal-title":"Romanian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1463_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bouma B E, De Boer J F, Huang D et al. Optical coherence tomography [J]. Nat reviews Methods primers. 2022;2.","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-022-00162-2"},{"issue":"7","key":"1463_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01648-1","volume":"36","author":"A KATSIMPRIS","year":"2022","unstructured":"Katsimpris A, Karamaounas A, Sideri A M, et al. Optical coherence tomography angiography in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. Eye. 2022;36(7):1419\u201326.","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"1463_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Yang L, Gao Y, et al. Choroid and choriocapillaris changes in early-stage Parkinson\u2019s disease: A swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography-based cross-sectional study [J]. Volume 14. Alzheimer\u2019s research & therapy. 2022;(1):116.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-022-01054-z"},{"issue":"8","key":"1463_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70124-8","volume":"12","author":"JM WARDLAW","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wardlaw JM, Smith E E, Biessels G J, et al. Neuroimaging standards for research into small vessel disease and its contribution to ageing and neurodegeneration [J]. Lancet Neurol. 2013;12(8):822\u201338.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"1463_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00062-015-0458-z","volume":"25","author":"LINN J","year":"2015","unstructured":"LINN J. Imaging of Cerebral Microbleeds [J]. Clin Neuroradiol. 2015;25(Suppl 2):167\u201375.","journal-title":"Clin Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1463_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1080\/08820538.2017.1307423","volume":"33","author":"MM MOSCHOS","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moschos MM, Chatziralli IP. Evaluation of Choroidal and Retinal Thickness Changes in Parkinson\u2019s Disease Using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography [J]. Semin Ophthalmol. 2018;33(4):494\u20137.","journal-title":"Semin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1463_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.5730","volume":"139","author":"ROBBINS C B","year":"2021","unstructured":"Robbins C B, Thompson A C, Bhullar P K, et al. Characterization of retinal microvascular and choroidal structural changes in Parkinson disease [J]. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2021;139(2):182\u20138.","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1463_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-212676","volume":"11","author":"SD BROWN G L, CAMACCI M L, KIM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brown G L, Camacci M L, KIM SD, et al. Choroidal thickness correlates with clinical and imaging metrics of Parkinson\u2019s Disease: A pilot study [J]. J Parkinson\u2019s disease. 2021;11(4):1857\u201368.","journal-title":"J Parkinson\u2019s disease"},{"issue":"1","key":"1463_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-201142","volume":"80","author":"M LI","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li M, Li R, Lyu JH, et al. Relationship between Alzheimer\u2019s disease and retinal choroidal thickness: A cross-sectional study [J]. J Alzheimer\u2019s disease: JAD. 2021;80(1):407\u201319.","journal-title":"J Alzheimer\u2019s disease: JAD"},{"issue":"2","key":"1463_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000001907","volume":"44","author":"M DI PIPPO","year":"2024","unstructured":"Di Pippo M, Giubilei Cipolliniv. Retinal and choriocapillaris vascular changes in early Alzheimer disease patients using optical coherence tomography angiography [J]. J neuro-ophthalmology: Official J North Am Neuro-Ophthalmology Soc. 2024;44(2):184\u20139.","journal-title":"J neuro-ophthalmology: official J North Am Neuro-Ophthalmology Soc"},{"key":"1463_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salobrar-Garcia E, M\u00e9ndez-Hern\u00e1ndez C, Hoz R et al. Ocular Vascular changes in mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients: Foveal avascular zone, choroidal thickness, and ONH hemoglobin analysis [J]. J personalized Med. 2020;10(4).","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm10040231"},{"key":"1463_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2017.12.001","volume":"64","author":"A REINER","year":"2018","unstructured":"Reiner A, Fitzgerald M E C, Del Mar N, et al. Neural control of choroidal blood flow [J]. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2018;64:96\u2013130.","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"1463_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2013.04.003","volume":"112","author":"G LI","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li G, Shih Y Y, Kiel J W, et al. MRI study of cerebral, retinal and choroidal blood flow responses to acute hypertension [J]. Exp Eye Res. 2013;112:118\u201324.","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1463_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-024-02769-z","volume":"148","author":"M HART DE RUYTER F J, EVERS","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hart De Ruyter F J, Evers M, Morrema T H J, et al. Neuropathological hallmarks in the post-mortem retina of neurodegenerative diseases [J]. Acta Neuropathol. 2024;148(1):24.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1463_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2012.04.004","volume":"31","author":"J KUR","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kur J, Newman E A, Chan-Ling T. Cellular and physiological mechanisms underlying blood flow regulation in the retina and choroid in health and disease [J]. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2012;31(5):377\u2013406.","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"1463_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102278","volume":"96","author":"T MORGAN A E, MC AULEY M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Morgan A E, MC Auley M T. Vascular dementia: From pathobiology to emerging perspectives [J]. Ageing Res Rev. 2024;96:102278.","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"1463_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3291","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-024-01298-7","volume":"47","author":"CAI C X","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cai C X, Yu S S, Xiong X M, et al. Age-related alterations in vortex veins on indocyanine green angiography [J]. Geroscience. 2025;47(3):3291\u20138.","journal-title":"Geroscience"},{"key":"1463_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fi\u0161ar Z, Hroudov\u00e1 J. CoQ(10) and Mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer\u2019s disease [J]. Antioxid. 2024;13(2).","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13020191"},{"issue":"8","key":"1463_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23789","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023789","volume":"6","author":"R BIRON K E, DICKSTEIN D L, GOPAUL","year":"2011","unstructured":"Biron K E, Dickstein D L, Gopaul R, et al. Amyloid triggers extensive cerebral angiogenesis causing blood brain barrier permeability and hypervascularity in Alzheimer\u2019s disease [J]. PLoS ONE. 2011;6(8):e23789.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"1463_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199502000-00018","volume":"6","author":"KALARIA R N","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kalaria R N. Differential degeneration of the cerebral microvasculature in Alzheimer\u2019s disease [J]. NeuroReport. 1995;6(3):477\u201380.","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"issue":"5","key":"1463_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e36893","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036893","volume":"7","author":"JM HUNTER","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hunter JM, Kwan J, Malek-AhmadI M, et al. Morphological and pathological evolution of the brain microcirculation in aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease [J]. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(5):e36893.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"1463_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-020-01076-4","volume":"8","author":"H SHI","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shi H, Koronyo Y, Fuchs D T, et al. Retinal capillary degeneration and blood-retinal barrier disruption in murine models of Alzheimer\u2019s disease [J]. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2020;8(1):202.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"issue":"8","key":"1463_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-020-01507-7","volume":"57","author":"M LUPIDI","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lupidi M, Cerquaglia A, Gujar R, et al. Functional correlation between choroidal and retinal vascularity in low-grade diabetic retinopathy [J]. Acta Diabetol. 2020;57(8):983\u201390.","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol"},{"key":"1463_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198862","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1198862","volume":"14","author":"Y MU","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mu Y, Wei D. Choroidal circulation disturbance is an initial factor in outer retinal degeneration in rats under simulated weightlessness [J]. Front Physiol. 2023;14:1198862.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"}],"container-title":["Translational Stroke Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12975-026-01463-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12975-026-01463-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12975-026-01463-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T07:17:42Z","timestamp":1787815062000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12975-026-01463-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1463"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12975-026-01463-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1868-4483","1868-601X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1868-4483","type":"print"},{"value":"1868-601X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 June 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 June 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 June 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All study protocols were evaluated and ratified by the Clinical Trial Ethics Committee of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(study No. 2020-S145, issued on 10 June 2020). All subjects or their proxies gave their consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Institutional Review Board Statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Statement: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed Consent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing Interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"69"}}