{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T09:22:12Z","timestamp":1787822532868,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U24 NS072026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24 NS072026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007306","name":"Arizona Department of Health Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007306","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008335","name":"Arizona Biomedical Research Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008335","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000864","name":"Michael J. Fox Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000864","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000968","name":"American Heart Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20AIREA35050015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20AIREA35050015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transl. Stroke Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-026-01479-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T06:46:19Z","timestamp":1784789179000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ischemic Stroke Increases Protein Expression of the Folate Receptor and One-carbon Enzymes in Brain Tissue From Male and Female Patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Petter","family":"Burrows","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Himmat","family":"Dhillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gillian E.","family":"McDemott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Covaleski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilah","family":"Manfredi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas G.","family":"Beach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geidy E.","family":"Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3557-7307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nafisa M.","family":"Jadavji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"1479_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-023-00921-z","volume":"20","author":"ML Prust","year":"2024","unstructured":"Prust ML, Forman R, Ovbiagele B. Addressing disparities in the global epidemiology of stroke. Nat Rev Neurol. 2024;20:207\u201321.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"1479_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31179-X","volume":"396","author":"BCV Campbell","year":"2020","unstructured":"Campbell BCV, Khatri P. Stroke. Lancet. 2020;396:129\u201342.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1479_CR3","unstructured":"CDC. Stroke Facts [Internet]. Stroke. 2024 [cited 2024 Aug 15];Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/stroke\/data-research\/facts-stats\/index.html"},{"key":"1479_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70265-4","volume":"11","author":"GJ Hankey","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hankey GJ. Nutrition and the risk of stroke. Lancet Neurol. 2012;11:66\u201381.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1479_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11030647","author":"JD Spence","year":"2019","unstructured":"Spence JD. Nutrition and risk of stroke. Nutrients. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu11030647.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1479_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Homocysteine Studies Collaboration. Homocysteine and risk of ischemic heart disease and stroke: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2015;288:22.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.16.2015"},{"key":"1479_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s10545-006-0106-5","volume":"29","author":"R Castro","year":"2006","unstructured":"Castro R, Rivera I, Blom HJ, Jakobs C, de Almeida IT. Homocysteine metabolism, hyperhomocysteinaemia and vascular disease: an overview. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2006;29:3\u201320.","journal-title":"J Inherit Metab Dis"},{"key":"1479_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30180-1","volume":"16","author":"JD Spence","year":"2017","unstructured":"Spence JD, Yi Q, Hankey GJ. B vitamins in stroke prevention: time to reconsider. Lancet Neurol. 2017;16:750\u201360.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1479_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.291381","author":"G Yahn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yahn G, Abato J, Jadavji N. Role of vitamin B12 deficiency in ischemic stroke risk and outcome. Neural Regen Res. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1673-5374.291381.","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"1479_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2018.07.014","volume":"309","author":"NM Jadavji","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jadavji NM, Emmerson JT, Shanmugalingam U, MacFarlane AJ, Willmore WG, Smith PD. A genetic deficiency in folic acid metabolism impairs recovery after ischemic stroke. Exp Neurol. 2018;309:14\u201322.","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1479_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36258","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.265348","volume":"286","author":"Y-W Teng","year":"2011","unstructured":"Teng Y-W, Mehedint MG, Garrow TA, Zeisel SH. Deletion of betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase in mice perturbs choline and 1-carbon metabolism, resulting in fatty liver and hepatocellular carcinomas. J Biol Chem. 2011;286:36258\u201367.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1479_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70193-5","volume":"7","author":"MJ Reeves","year":"2008","unstructured":"Reeves MJ, Bushnell CD, Howard G, Gargano JW, Duncan PW, Lynch G, et al. Sex differences in stroke: epidemiology, clinical presentation, medical care, and outcomes. Lancet Neurol. 2008;7:915\u201326.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1479_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863X16668263","volume":"22","author":"RL Girijala","year":"2017","unstructured":"Girijala RL, Sohrabji F, Bush RL. Sex differences in stroke: review of current knowledge and evidence. Vasc Med. 2017;22:135\u201345.","journal-title":"Vasc Med"},{"key":"1479_CR14","first-page":"233","volume":"38","author":"N Ashjazadeh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ashjazadeh N, Fathi M, Shariat A. Evaluation of homocysteine level as a risk factor among patients with ischemic stroke and its subtypes. Iran J Med Sci. 2013;38:233\u20139.","journal-title":"Iran J Med Sci"},{"key":"1479_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)70152-5","volume":"365","author":"JP Casas","year":"2005","unstructured":"Casas JP, Bautista LE, Smeeth L, Sharma P, Hingorani AD. Homocysteine and stroke: Evidence on a causal link from mendelian randomisation. Lancet. 2005;365:224\u201332.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1479_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14142960","volume":"14","author":"J Poole","year":"2022","unstructured":"Poole J, Jasbi P, Pascual AS, North S, Kwatra N, Weissig V, et al. Ischemic stroke and dietary vitamin B12 deficiency in old-aged females: impaired motor function, increased ischemic damage size, and changed metabolite profiles in brain and cecum tissue. Nutrients. 2022;14:2960.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1479_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mbs GBY, Wasek B, Bottiglieri T, Malysheva O, Caudill MA, Jadavji NM. Dietary vitamin B12 deficiency impairs motor function and changes neuronal survival and choline metabolism after ischemic stroke in middle-aged male and female mice. Nutr Neurosci. 2023;1\u201310.","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415X.2023.2188639"},{"key":"1479_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2443","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.371375","volume":"18","author":"M Clementson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Clementson M, Hurley L, Coonrod S, Bennett C, Marella P, Pascual AS, Pull K, Wasek B, Bottiglieri T, Malysheva O, et al. Maternal dietary deficiencies in folic acid or choline worsen stroke outcomes in adult male and female mouse offspring. Neural Regen Res. 2023;18:2443\u20138.","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"1479_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15071556","volume":"15","author":"L Hurley","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hurley L, Jauhal J, Ille S, Pull K, Malysheva OV, Jadavji NM. Maternal dietary deficiencies in folic acid and choline result in larger damage volume, reduced neuro-degeneration and -inflammation and changes in choline metabolites after ischemic stroke in middle-aged offspring. Nutrients. 2023;15:1556.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1479_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H1354","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00502.2023","volume":"325","author":"K Pull","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pull K, Folk R, Kang J, Jackson S, Gusek B, Esfandiarei M, Jadavji NM. Impact of maternal dietary folic acid or choline dietary deficiencies on vascular function in young and middle-aged female mouse offspring after ischemic stroke. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2023;325:H1354\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"1479_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13171472","volume":"13","author":"M Esfandiarei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Esfandiarei M, Strash SGU, Covaleski A, Ille S, Li W, Jadavji NM. Maternal dietary deficiency in choline reduced levels of MMP-2 levels in blood and brain tissue of male offspring mice. Cells. 2024;13:1472.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"1479_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415X.2020.1769412","volume":"25","author":"JE Abato","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abato JE, Moftah M, Cron GO, Smith PD, Jadavji NM. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency alters cellular response after ischemic stroke in male mice. Nutr Neurosci. 2022;25:558\u201366.","journal-title":"Nutr Neurosci"},{"key":"1479_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1111\/neup.12189","volume":"35","author":"TG Beach","year":"2015","unstructured":"Beach TG, Adler CH, Sue LI, Serrano G, Shill HA, Walker DG, Lue L, Roher AE, Dugger BN, Maarouf C, et al. Arizona Study of Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders and Brain and Body Donation Program. Neuropathology. 2015;35:354\u201389.","journal-title":"Neuropathology"},{"key":"1479_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020629818207","volume":"18","author":"T Back","year":"1998","unstructured":"Back T. Pathophysiology of the ischemic penumbra\u2014revision of a concept. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 1998;18:621\u201338.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"1479_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","volume":"39","author":"F Faul","year":"2007","unstructured":"Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang A-G, Buchner A. G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods. 2007;39:175\u201391.","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"1479_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-8-17","volume":"8","author":"P Bacchetti","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bacchetti P. Current sample size conventions: flaws, harms, and alternatives. BMC Med. 2010;8:17.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"1479_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2019","volume":"9","author":"J Schindelin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schindelin J, Arganda-Carreras I, Frise E, Kaynig V, Longair M, Pietzsch T, Preibisch S, Rueden C, Saalfeld S, Schmid B, et al. Fiji: An open-source platform for biological-image analysis. Nat Methods. 2012;9:676\u201382.","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"1479_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1081\/E-EMGP-120030861","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of medical genomics and proteomics","author":"R Rozen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rozen R. Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Polymorphism-Clinical Implications. In: Encyclopedia of medical genomics and proteomics. Taylor & Francis; 2005. p. 1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1081\/E-EMGP-120030861."},{"key":"1479_CR29","unstructured":"PubChem. MTHFD1 - methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, cyclohydrolase and formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase 1 (human) [Internet]. [cited 2026 Apr 22]; Available from: https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\/MTHFD1\/human"},{"key":"1479_CR30","unstructured":"Thymidylate Synthase -. an overview | ScienceDirect Topics [Internet]. [cited 2026 Jan 13];Available from: https:\/\/www-sciencedirect-com.proxy.lib.siu.edu\/topics\/medicine-and-dentistry\/thymidylate-synthase"},{"key":"1479_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11404","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1706617114","volume":"114","author":"GS Ducker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ducker GS, Ghergurovich JM, Mainolfi N, Suri V, Jeong SK, Hsin-Jung Li S, Friedman A, Manfredi MG, Gitai Z, Kim H, et al. Human SHMT inhibitors reveal defective glycine import as a targetable metabolic vulnerability of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017;114:11404\u20139.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"1479_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2012.03.020","volume":"106","author":"NM Jadavji","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jadavji NM, Deng L, Leclerc D, Malysheva O, Bedell BJ, Caudill MA, et al. Severe methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency in mice results in behavioral anomalies with morphological and biochemical changes in hippocampus. Mol Genet Metab. 2012;106:149\u201359.","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab"},{"key":"1479_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10050697","volume":"10","author":"K Zuhra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zuhra K, Augsburger F, Majtan T, Szabo C. Cystathionine-\u03b2-synthase: molecular regulation and pharmacological inhibition. Biomolecules. 2020;10:697.","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"1479_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13279","volume":"290","author":"AD Smith","year":"2021","unstructured":"Smith AD, Refsum H. Homocysteine \u2013 from disease biomarker to disease prevention. J Intern Med. 2021;290:826\u201354.","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"1479_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.08.009","volume":"25","author":"GS Ducker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ducker GS, Rabinowitz JD. One-Carbon Metabolism in Health and Disease. Cell Metab. 2017;25:27\u201342.","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"1479_CR36","unstructured":"Johnson K, Schneider M. Neurological Disorders [Internet]. In: O\u2019Connell MB, Smith JA, Borgelt LM, editors. Women\u2019s Health Across the Lifespan. New York, NY: McGraw Hill Education; 2024 [cited 2025 June 20]. Available from: accessmedicine.mhmedical.com\/content.aspx?aid=1207142821"},{"key":"1479_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2020.113384","volume":"332","author":"TE Branyan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Branyan TE, Sohrabji F. Sex differences in stroke co-morbidities. Exp Neurol. 2020;332:113384.","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1479_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2022.10.001","volume":"41","author":"L Cherian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cherian L. Women and Ischemic Stroke: Disparities and Outcomes. Neurol Clin. 2023;41:265\u201381.","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"1479_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.4105","volume":"5","author":"SR Mishra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mishra SR, Chung H-F, Waller M, Dobson AJ, Greenwood DC, Cade JE, et al. Association between reproductive life span and incident nonfatal cardiovascular disease. JAMA Cardiol. 2020;5:1410\u20138.","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"1479_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026431","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.1026431","volume":"13","author":"L Dylla","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dylla L, Higgins HM, Piper C, Poisson SN, Herson PS, Monte AA. Sex as a biological variable in determining the metabolic changes influencing acute ischemic stroke outcomes\u2014Where is the data: A systematic review. Front Neurol. 2022;13:1026431.","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"1479_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sadre-Marandi F, Dahdoul T, Reed MC, Nijhout HF. Sex differences in hepatic one-carbon metabolism. BMC Systems Biology [Internet]. 2018;12. Available from: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30355281\/","DOI":"10.1186\/s12918-018-0621-7"},{"key":"1479_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1009708","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1009708","volume":"17","author":"R Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim R, Nijhout HF, Reed MC. One-carbon metabolism during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. PLoS Comput Biol. 2021;17:e1009708.","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"1479_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.105339","volume":"25","author":"J Sponagel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sponagel J, Devarakonda S, Rubin JB, Luo J, Ippolito JE. De novo serine biosynthesis from glucose predicts sex-specific response to antifolates in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. iScience. 2022;25:105339.","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"1479_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.04.067","volume":"300","author":"NM Jadavji","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jadavji NM, Deng L, Malysheva OV, Caudill MA, Rozen R. MTHFR deficiency or reduced intake of folate or choline in pregnant mice results in impaired short-term memory and increased apoptosis in the hippocampus of wild-type offspring. Neuroscience. 2015;300:1\u20139.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"1479_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-74596-7","volume":"10","author":"R Xu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xu R, Huang F, Wang Y, Liu Q, Lv Y, Zhang Q. Gender- and age-related differences in homocysteine concentration: a cross-sectional study of the general population of China. Sci Rep. 2020;10:17401.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1479_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2017.05.051","volume":"332","author":"E Pjetri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pjetri E, Zeisel SH. Deletion of one allele of Mthfd1 (methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1) impairs learning in mice. Behav Brain Res. 2017;332:71\u20134.","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"1479_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.1534\/g3.117.043133","volume":"7","author":"F Winkler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Winkler F, Kriebel M, Clever M, Gr\u00f6ning S, Gro\u00dfhans J. Essential function of the serine hydroxymethyl transferase (SHMT) gene during rapid syncytial cell cycles in Drosophila. G3 (Bethesda). 2017;7:2305\u201314.","journal-title":"G3 (Bethesda)"},{"key":"1479_CR48","first-page":"454","volume":"21","author":"J Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang J, Gu J, Huang Y, Fang Y, Lin J. The association between serine hydroxymethyl transferase 1 gene hypermethylation and ischemic stroke. Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2021;21:454\u201360.","journal-title":"Bosn J Basic Med Sci"},{"key":"1479_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2010.12.015","volume":"102","author":"V Ho","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ho V, Massey TE, King WD. Thymidylate synthase gene polymorphisms and markers of DNA methylation capacity. Mol Genet Metab. 2011;102:481\u20137.","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab"},{"key":"1479_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1007\/s10528-023-10431-8","volume":"62","author":"F Yu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yu F, Shi L, Wang Q, Xing X, Li Z, Hou L, et al. The association between thymidylate synthase gene polymorphisms and the risk of ischemic stroke in Chinese Han population. Biochem Genet. 2024;62:468\u201384.","journal-title":"Biochem Genet"},{"key":"1479_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-16-0202","volume":"26","author":"CG Howe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Howe CG, Liu X, Hall MN, Ilievski V, Caudill MA, Malysheva O, Lomax-Luu AM, Parvez F, Siddique AB, Shahriar H, et al. Sex-specific associations between one-carbon metabolism indices and posttranslational histone modifications in arsenic-exposed Bangladeshi adults. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2017;26:261\u20139.","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"1479_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1080\/15216540701468954","volume":"59","author":"SH Zeisel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zeisel SH. Gene Response Elements, Genetic Polymorphisms and Epigenetics Influence the Human Dietary Requirement for Choline. IUBMB Life. 2007;59:380\u20137.","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"1479_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s12918-018-0621-7","volume":"12","author":"F Sadre-Marandi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sadre-Marandi F, Dahdoul T, Reed MC, Nijhout HF. Sex differences in hepatic one-carbon metabolism. BMC Syst Biol. 2018;12:89.","journal-title":"BMC Syst Biol"},{"key":"1479_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.10.4.8647346","volume":"10","author":"P Chiang","year":"1996","unstructured":"Chiang P, Gordon R, Tal J, Zeng G, Doctor B, Pardhasaradhi K, McCann P. S-Adenosylmethionine and methylation. FASEB J. 1996;10:471\u201380.","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"1479_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10373","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810373","volume":"23","author":"D-H Choi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Choi D-H, Choi I-A, Lee J. The Role of DNA Methylation in Stroke Recovery. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23:10373.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1479_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1373\/49.8.1292","volume":"49","author":"R Castro","year":"2003","unstructured":"Castro R, Rivera I, Struys EA, Jansen EEW, Ravasco P, Camilo ME, et al. Increased homocysteine and S-adenosylhomocysteine concentrations and DNA hypomethylation in vascular disease. Clin Chem. 2003;49:1292\u20136.","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"1479_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286418771815","volume":"11","author":"GYQ Ng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ng GYQ, Lim YA, Sobey CG, Dheen T, Fann DYW, Arumugam TV. Epigenetic regulation of inflammation in stroke. Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2018;11:10\u20135.","journal-title":"Ther Adv Neurol Disord"},{"key":"1479_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2007.02.003","volume":"72","author":"DW Brann","year":"2007","unstructured":"Brann DW, Dhandapani K, Wakade C, Mahesh VB, Khan MM. Neurotrophic and Neuroprotective Actions of Estrogen: Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Implications. Steroids. 2007;72:381\u2013405.","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"1479_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011613","volume":"346","author":"S Seshadri","year":"2002","unstructured":"Seshadri S, Beiser A. Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:476\u201383.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1479_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2542","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101931","volume":"11","author":"M Yousufuddin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yousufuddin M, Young N. Aging and ischemic stroke. Aging. 2019;11:2542\u20134.","journal-title":"Aging"}],"container-title":["Translational Stroke Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12975-026-01479-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12975-026-01479-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12975-026-01479-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T09:02:10Z","timestamp":1787821330000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12975-026-01479-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1479"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12975-026-01479-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1868-4483","1868-601X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1868-4483","type":"print"},{"value":"1868-601X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 June 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 July 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 July 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"87"}}