{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T11:28:14Z","timestamp":1787657294950,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,21]],"date-time":"2024-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726876800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,21]],"date-time":"2024-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI20\/00080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI20\/00080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI22\/00745"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI22\/00745"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI22\/00745"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI22\/00745"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012514","name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red-Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012514","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004435","name":"Universidad de Navarra","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004435","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Physiol Biochem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Excess adiposity contributes to the development of colon carcinoma (CC). Interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine relevant in obesity-associated chronic inflammation and tumorigenic processes. We herein aimed to study how obesity and CC affects the expression of <jats:italic>IL1B<\/jats:italic>, and to determine the impact of IL-1\u03b2 on the regulation of metabolic inflammation and gut barrier function in the context of obesity and CC. Samples from 71 volunteers were used in a case\u2013control study and a rat model of diet-induced obesity (DIO). Furthermore, bariatric surgery was used to determine the effect of weight loss on the intestinal gene expression levels of <jats:italic>Il1b<\/jats:italic>. To evaluate the effect of IL-1\u03b2 and obesity in CC, we treated the adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29 with IL-1\u03b2 and the adipocyte-conditioned medium (ACM) from patients with obesity. We showed that obesity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and CC (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) upregulated the transcript levels of <jats:italic>IL1B<\/jats:italic> in visceral adipose tissue as well as in the colon from patients with CC (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). The increased expression of <jats:italic>Il1b<\/jats:italic> in the ileum and colon in DIO rats decreased after weight loss achieved by either sleeve gastrectomy or caloric restriction (both <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). ACM treatment on HT-29 cells upregulated (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) the transcripts of <jats:italic>IL1B<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>CCL2<\/jats:italic>, while reducing (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) the expression of the anti-inflammatory <jats:italic>ADIPOQ<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>MUC2<\/jats:italic> genes. Additionally, IL-1\u03b2 upregulated (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) the expression of <jats:italic>CCL2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TNF<\/jats:italic> whilst downregulating (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) the transcript levels of <jats:italic>IL4<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ADIPOQ<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TJP1<\/jats:italic> in HT-29 cells. We provide evidence of the important role of IL-1\u03b2 in obesity-associated CC by directly promoting inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13105-024-01048-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,21]],"date-time":"2024-09-21T01:01:39Z","timestamp":1726880499000},"page":"471-482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Increased expression of IL-1\u03b2 in adipose tissue in obesity influences the development of colon cancer by promoting inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Neira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier A.","family":"Cienfuegos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Becerril","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amaia","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda A.","family":"Burrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Baixauli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amaia","family":"Mentxaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos","family":"Casado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilo","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Escalada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gema","family":"Fr\u00fchbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Catal\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"1048_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10976","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241310976","volume":"24","author":"SA Alenezi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alenezi SA, Khan R, Snell L, Aboeldalyl S, Amer S (2023) The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in obesity and PCOS-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Mol Sci 24:10976","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1048_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2423","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.9009","volume":"327","author":"A Aminian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aminian A, Wilson R, Al-Kurd A, Tu C, Milinovich A, Kroh M, Rosenthal RJ, Brethauer SA, Schauer PR, Kattan MW et al (2022) Association of bariatric surgery with cancer risk and mortality in adults with obesity. JAMA 327:2423\u20132433","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1048_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.03.027","volume":"73","author":"C Bernsmeier","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bernsmeier C, van der Merwe S, P\u00e9rianin A (2020) Innate immune cells in cirrhosis. J Hepatol 73:186\u2013201","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1048_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11314","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11314","volume":"7","author":"M Bosma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bosma M, Gerling M, Pasto J, Georgiadi A, Graham E, Shilkova O, Iwata Y, Almer S, S\u00f6derman J, Toftg\u00e5rd R et al (2016) FNDC4 acts as an anti-inflammatory factor on macrophages and improves colitis in mice. Nat Commun 7:11314","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"1048_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd.2018.169","volume":"17","author":"L Cassetta","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cassetta L, Pollard JW (2018) Targeting macrophages: therapeutic approaches in cancer. Nat Rev Drug Discov 17:887\u2013904","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"1048_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14081597","volume":"14","author":"V Catal\u00e1n","year":"2022","unstructured":"Catal\u00e1n V, Avil\u00e9s-Olmos I, Rodr\u00edguez A, Becerril S, Fern\u00e1ndez-Formoso JA, Kiortsis D, Portincasa P, G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J, Fr\u00fchbeck G (2022) Time to consider the exposome hypothesis in the development of the obesity pandemic. Nutrients 14:1597","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1048_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2017.1328338","volume":"6","author":"V Catal\u00e1n","year":"2017","unstructured":"Catal\u00e1n V, G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J, Rodr\u00edguez A, Ram\u00edrez B, Ortega VA, Hern\u00e1ndez-Lizoain JL, Baixauli J, Becerril S, Rotellar F, Valent\u00ed V et al (2017) IL-32\u03b1-induced inflammation constitutes a link between obesity and colon cancer. Oncoimmunology 6:e1328338","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"key":"1048_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.2119\/molmed.2011.00144","volume":"17","author":"V Catal\u00e1n","year":"2011","unstructured":"Catal\u00e1n V, G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J, Rodr\u00edguez A, Ram\u00edrez B, Rotellar F, Valent\u00ed V, Silva C, Gil MJ, Fern\u00e1ndez-Real JM, Salvador J et al (2011) Increased levels of calprotectin in obesity are related to macrophage content: impact on inflammation and effect of weight loss. Mol Med 17:1157\u20131167","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"1048_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3826","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06152-x","volume":"9","author":"C Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen C, He W, Huang J, Wang B, Li H, Cai Q, Su F, Bi J, Liu H, Zhang B et al (2018) LNMAT1 promotes lymphatic metastasis of bladder cancer via CCL2 dependent macrophage recruitment. Nat Commun 9:3826","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"1048_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28478-3","volume":"13","author":"HY Chiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chiang HY, Lu HH, Sudhakar JN, Chen YW, Shih NS, Weng YT, Shui JW (2022) IL-22 initiates an IL-18-dependent epithelial response circuit to enforce intestinal host defence. Nat Commun 13:874","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"1048_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13062101","volume":"13","author":"L Crudele","year":"2021","unstructured":"Crudele L, Piccinin E, Moschetta A (2021) Visceral adiposity and cancer: role in pathogenesis and prognosis. Nutrients 13:2101","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1048_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-012615-044359","volume":"11","author":"T Deng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Deng T, Lyon CJ, Bergin S, Caligiuri MA, Hsueh WA (2016) Obesity, inflammation, and cancer. Annu Rev Pathol 11:421\u2013449","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol"},{"key":"1048_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-022-01740-7","volume":"22","author":"A Ebadinejad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ebadinejad A, Barzin M, Abiri B, Mahdavi M, Khalaj A, Ebrahimi D, Hosseinpanah F, Valizadeh M (2022) The effect of bariatric surgery in comparison with the control group on the prevention of comorbidities in people with severe obesity: a prospective cohort study. BMC Surg 22:290","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"key":"1048_CR14","first-page":"21","volume":"104","author":"S Ezquerro","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ezquerro S, Mocha F, Fr\u00fchbeck G, Guzm\u00e1n-Ruiz R, Valent\u00ed V, Mugueta C, Becerril S, Catal\u00e1n V, G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J, Silva C et al (2019) Ghrelin reduces TNF-\u03b1-induced human hepatocyte apoptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis: role in obesity-associated NAFLD. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 104:21\u201337","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"1048_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-015-1382-6","volume":"11","author":"MF Faienza","year":"2016","unstructured":"Faienza MF, Wang DQ, Fr\u00fchbeck G, Garruti G, Portincasa P (2016) The dangerous link between childhood and adulthood predictors of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Intern Emerg Med 11:175\u2013182","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"key":"1048_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1038\/nm939","volume":"9","author":"M Feldmann","year":"2003","unstructured":"Feldmann M, Maini RN (2003) Lasker Clinical Medical Research Award. TNF defined as a therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases. Nat Med 9:1245\u20131250","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"1048_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2015.84","volume":"11","author":"G Fr\u00fchbeck","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fr\u00fchbeck G (2015) Bariatric and metabolic surgery: a shift in eligibility and success criteria. Nat Rev Endocrinol 11:465\u2013477","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"1048_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S354095","volume":"15","author":"G Fr\u00fchbeck","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fr\u00fchbeck G, Catal\u00e1n V, Ram\u00edrez B, Valent\u00ed V, Becerril S, Rodr\u00edguez A, Moncada R, Baixauli J, Silva C, Escalada J et al (2022) Serum levels of IL-1 RA increase with obesity and type 2 diabetes in relation to adipose tissue dysfunction and are reduced after bariatric surgery in parallel to adiposity. J Inflamm Res 15:1331\u20131345","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"1048_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11020454","volume":"11","author":"G Fr\u00fchbeck","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fr\u00fchbeck G, Catal\u00e1n V, Rodr\u00edguez A, Ram\u00edrez B, Becerril S, Salvador J, Colina I, G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J (2019) Adiponectin-leptin ratio is a functional biomarker of adipose tissue inflammation. Nutrients 11:454","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1048_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6619","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-06997-0","volume":"7","author":"G Fr\u00fchbeck","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fr\u00fchbeck G, Catal\u00e1n V, Rodr\u00edguez A, Ram\u00edrez B, Becerril S, Salvador J, Portincasa P, Colina I, G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J (2017) Involvement of the leptin-adiponectin axis in inflammation and oxidative stress in the metabolic syndrome. Sci Rep 7:6619","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1048_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2457","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-021-00762-0","volume":"18","author":"G Fr\u00fchbeck","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fr\u00fchbeck G, Catal\u00e1n V, Valent\u00ed V, Moncada R, G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J, Becerril S, Silva C, Portincasa P, Escalada J, Rodr\u00edguez A (2021) FNDC4 and FNDC5 reduce SARS-CoV-2 entry points and spike glycoprotein S1-induced pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis in human adipocytes. Cell Mol Immunol 18:2457\u20132459","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"1048_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2020.154261","volume":"108","author":"G Fr\u00fchbeck","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fr\u00fchbeck G, Fern\u00e1ndez-Quintana B, Paniagua M, Hern\u00e1ndez-Pardos AW, Valent\u00ed V, Moncada R, Catal\u00e1n V, Becerril S, G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J, Portincasa P et al (2020) FNDC4, a novel adipokine that reduces lipogenesis and promotes fat browning in human visceral adipocytes. Metabolism 108:154261","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"1048_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-003-1053-4","volume":"46","author":"G Fr\u00fchbeck","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fr\u00fchbeck G, G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J (2003) Control of body weight: a physiologic and transgenic perspective. Diabetologia 46:143\u2013172","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"1048_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.832185","volume":"13","author":"G Fr\u00fchbeck","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fr\u00fchbeck G, G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J, Ram\u00edrez B, Mentxaka A, Rodr\u00edguez A, Becerril S, Reina G, Valent\u00ed V, Moncada R, Silva C et al (2022) Increased levels of interleukin-36 in obesity and type 2 diabetes fuel adipose tissue inflammation by inducing its own expression and release by adipocytes and macrophages. Front Immunol 13:832185","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1048_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6431","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S335882","volume":"14","author":"G Fr\u00fchbeck","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fr\u00fchbeck G, Mentxaka A, Ahechu P, G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J, Ram\u00edrez B, Becerril S, Rodr\u00edguez A, Unamuno X, Cienfuegos JA, Casado M et al (2021) The differential expression of the inflammasomes in adipose tissue and colon influences the development of colon cancer in a context of obesity by regulating intestinal inflammation. J Inflamm Res 14:6431\u20136446","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"1048_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6009","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21176009","volume":"21","author":"V Gelfo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gelfo V, Romaniello D, Mazzeschi M, Sgarzi M, Grilli G, Morselli A, Manzan B, Rihawi K, Lauriola M (2020) Roles of IL-1 in cancer: from tumor progression to resistance to targeted therapies. Int J Mol Sci 21:6009","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1048_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2999","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22579-1","volume":"12","author":"A Georgiadi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Georgiadi A, Lopez-Salazar V, Merahbi RE, Karikari RA, Ma X, Mour\u00e3o A, Klepac K, B\u00fchler L, Alfaro AJ, Kaczmarek I et al (2021) Orphan GPR116 mediates the insulin sensitizing effects of the hepatokine FNDC4 in adipose tissue. Nat Commun 12:2999","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"1048_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1381\/096089206776116525","volume":"16","author":"J G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi","year":"2006","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J, Salvador J, Rotellar F, Silva C, Catal\u00e1n V, Rodr\u00edguez A, Jes\u00fas Gil M, Fr\u00fchbeck G (2006) Increased serum amyloid A concentrations in morbid obesity decrease after gastric bypass. Obes Surg 16:262\u2013269","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"1048_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1334","volume":"35","author":"J G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi","year":"2012","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J, Silva C, Catal\u00e1n V, Rodr\u00edguez A, Galofr\u00e9 JC, Escalada J, Valent\u00ed V, Rotellar F, Romero S, Ram\u00edrez B et al (2012) Clinical usefulness of a new equation for estimating body fat. Diabetes Care 35:383\u2013388","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"1048_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2018.09.004","volume":"104","author":"Z Gong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gong Z, Zhao S, Zhou J, Yan J, Wang L, Du X, Li H, Chen Y, Cai W, Wu J (2018) Curcumin alleviates DSS-induced colitis via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammsome activation and IL-1\u03b2 production. Mol Immunol 104:11\u201319","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"1048_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2014.31","volume":"38","author":"S Heinonen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Heinonen S, Saarinen L, Naukkarinen J, Rodr\u00edguez A, Fr\u00fchbeck G, Hakkarainen A, Lundbom J, Lundbom N, Vuolteenaho K, Moilanen E et al (2014) Adipocyte morphology and implications for metabolic derangements in acquired obesity. Int J Obes 38:1423\u20131431","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"key":"1048_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.722916","volume":"11","author":"J Jin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jin J, Lin J, Xu A, Lou J, Qian C, Li X, Wang Y, Yu W, Tao H (2021) CCL2: an important mediator between tumor cells and host cells in tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 11:722916","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"1048_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.767456","volume":"12","author":"LW Kaminsky","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kaminsky LW, Al-Sadi R, Ma TY (2021) IL-1\u03b2 and the intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier. Front Immunol 12:767456","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1048_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-16-0269","volume":"5","author":"R Karki","year":"2017","unstructured":"Karki R, Man SM, Kanneganti TD (2017) Inflammasomes and cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 5:94\u201399","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"1048_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C375","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00379.2020","volume":"320","author":"T Kawai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kawai T, Autieri MV, Scalia R (2021) Adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in obesity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 320:C375-c391","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"1048_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1924","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.08.047","volume":"161","author":"WT Kuo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kuo WT, Zuo L, Odenwald MA, Madha S, Singh G, Gurniak CB, Abraham C, Turner JR (2021) The tight junction protein ZO-1 is dispensable for barrier function but critical for effective mucosal repair. Gastroenterology 161:1924\u20131939","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"1048_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2022.155326","volume":"137","author":"SC Larsson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Larsson SC, Spyrou N, Mantzoros CS (2022) Body fatness associations with cancer: evidence from recent epidemiological studies and future directions. Metabolism 137:155326","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"1048_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr1606602","volume":"375","author":"B Lauby-Secretan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lauby-Secretan B, Scoccianti C, Loomis D, Grosse Y, Bianchini F, Straif K (2016) Body fatness and cancer: viewpoint of the IARC working group. N Engl J Med 375:794\u2013798","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1048_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-325851","volume":"71","author":"C Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li C, Wang Y, Liu D, Wong CC, Coker OO, Zhang X, Liu C, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Kang W et al (2022) Squalene epoxidase drives cancer cell proliferation and promotes gut dysbiosis to accelerate colorectal carcinogenesis. Gut 71:2253\u20132265","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"1048_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2008.01591.x","volume":"11","author":"M Li","year":"2009","unstructured":"Li M, Li JY, Zhao AL, He JS, Zhou LX, Li YA, Gu J (2009) Comparison of carcinoembryonic antigen prognostic value in serum and tumour tissue of patients with colorectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 11:276\u2013281","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"1048_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-310514","volume":"66","author":"X Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li X, Yao W, Yuan Y, Chen P, Li B, Li J, Chu R, Song H, Xie D, Jiang X et al (2017) Targeting of tumour-infiltrating macrophages via CCL2\/CCR2 signalling as a therapeutic strategy against hepatocellular carcinoma. Gut 66:157\u2013167","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"1048_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j4849","volume":"359","author":"C Ma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ma C, Avenell A, Bolland M, Hudson J, Stewart F, Robertson C, Sharma P, Fraser C, MacLennan G (2017) Effects of weight loss interventions for adults who are obese on mortality, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 359:j4849","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1048_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.589654","volume":"11","author":"W Mai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mai W, Liao Y (2020) Targeting IL-1\u03b2 in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Front Immunol 11:589654","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1048_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.03.012","volume":"50","author":"A Mantovani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mantovani A, Dinarello CA, Molgora M, Garlanda C (2019) Interleukin-1 and related cytokines in the regulation of inflammation and immunity. Immunity 50:778\u2013795","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"1048_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15041038","volume":"15","author":"A Mentxaka","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mentxaka A, G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J, Neira G, Ram\u00edrez B, Becerril S, Rodr\u00edguez A, Valent\u00ed V, Moncada R, Baixauli J, Burrell MA et al (2023) Increased expression levels of netrin-1 in visceral adipose tissue during obesity favour colon cancer cell migration. Cancers (Basel) 15:1038","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"1048_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139764","volume":"10","author":"AO Mocanu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mocanu AO, Mulya A, Huang H, Dan O, Shimizu H, Batayyah E, Brethauer SA, Dinischiotu A, Kirwan JP (2015) Effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on the NLRP3 inflammasome in adipose tissue from obese rats. PLoS ONE 10:e0139764","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1048_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2022-327736","volume":"72","author":"E Morgan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Morgan E, Arnold M, Gini A, Lorenzoni V, Cabasag CJ, Laversanne M, Vignat J, Ferlay J, Murphy N, Bray F (2023) Global burden of colorectal cancer in 2020 and 2040: incidence and mortality estimates from GLOBOCAN. Gut 72:338\u2013344","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"1048_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10747","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910747","volume":"22","author":"C Nardelli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nardelli C, Granata I, Nunziato M, Setaro M, Carbone F, Zulli C, Pilone V, Capoluongo ED, De Palma GD, Corcione F et al (2021) 16S rRNA of mucosal colon microbiome and CCL2 circulating levels are potential biomarkers in colorectal cancer. Int J Mol Sci 22:10747","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1048_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30084-1","volume":"7","author":"IJ Neeland","year":"2019","unstructured":"Neeland IJ, Ross R, Despr\u00e9s JP, Matsuzawa Y, Yamashita S, Shai I, Seidell J, Magni P, Santos RD, Arsenault B et al (2019) Visceral and ectopic fat, atherosclerosis, and cardiometabolic disease: a position statement. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 7:715\u2013725","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"1048_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.583084","volume":"11","author":"Y Pan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pan Y, Yu Y, Wang X, Zhang T (2020) Tumor-associated macrophages in tumor immunity. Front Immunol 11:583084","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1048_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02403-5","volume":"401","author":"CM Perdomo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Perdomo CM, Cohen RV, Sumithran P, Cl\u00e9ment K, Fr\u00fchbeck G (2023) Contemporary medical, device, and surgical therapies for obesity in adults. Lancet 401:1116\u20131130","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1048_CR52","first-page":"2291","volume":"43","author":"Z Pu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pu Z, Che Y, Zhang W, Sun H, Meng T, Xie H, Cao L, Hao H (2019) Dual roles of IL-18 in colitis through regulation of the function and quantity of goblet cells. Int J Mol Med 43:2291\u20132302","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"1048_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00563","volume":"9","author":"X Qu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qu X, Tang Y, Hua S (2018) Immunological approaches towards cancer and inflammation: a cross talk. Front Immunol 9:563","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1048_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12071791","volume":"12","author":"C R\u00e9b\u00e9","year":"2020","unstructured":"R\u00e9b\u00e9 C, Ghiringhelli F (2020) Interleukin-1\u03b2 and cancer. Cancers 12:1791","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"1048_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.09.021","volume":"185","author":"N Reznik","year":"2022","unstructured":"Reznik N, Gallo AD, Rush KW, Javitt G, Fridmann-Sirkis Y, Ilani T, Nairner NA, Fishilevich S, Gokhman D, Chac\u00f3n KN et al (2022) Intestinal mucin is a chaperone of multivalent copper. Cell 185:4206-4215.e4211","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"1048_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.11.009","volume":"183","author":"AE Ringel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ringel AE, Drijvers JM, Baker GJ, Catozzi A, Garc\u00eda-Ca\u00f1averas JC, Gassaway BM, Miller BC, Juneja VR, Nguyen TH, Joshi S et al (2020) Obesity shapes metabolism in the tumor microenvironment to suppress anti-tumor immunity. Cell 183:1848-1866.e1826","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"1048_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.12.013","volume":"55","author":"TV Rohm","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rohm TV, Meier DT, Olefsky JM, Donath MY (2022) Inflammation in obesity, diabetes, and related disorders. Immunity 55:31\u201355","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"1048_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002525","volume":"269","author":"DP Schauer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schauer DP, Feigelson HS, Koebnick C, Caan B, Weinmann S, Leonard AC, Powers JD, Yenumula PR, Arterburn DE (2019) Bariatric surgery and the risk of cancer in a large multisite cohort. Ann Surg 269:95\u2013101","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"1048_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70159-7","volume":"10","author":"L Sj\u00f6str\u00f6m","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sj\u00f6str\u00f6m L, Gummesson A, Sj\u00f6str\u00f6m CD, Narbro K, Peltonen M, Wedel H, Bengtsson C, Bouchard C, Carlsson B, Dahlgren S et al (2009) Effects of bariatric surgery on cancer incidence in obese patients in Sweden (Swedish Obese Subjects Study): a prospective, controlled intervention trial. Lancet Oncol 10:653\u2013662","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"1048_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-023-00432-7","volume":"9","author":"MCW Spaander","year":"2023","unstructured":"Spaander MCW, Zauber AG, Syngal S, Blaser MJ, Sung JJ, You YN, Kuipers EJ (2023) Young-onset colorectal cancer. Nat Rev Dis Primers 9:21","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"1048_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.04.011","volume":"23","author":"JH Stern","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stern JH, Rutkowski JM, Scherer PE (2016) Adiponectin, leptin, and fatty acids in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis through adipose tissue crosstalk. Cell Metab 23:770\u2013784","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"1048_CR62","first-page":"88","volume":"69","author":"H Sung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sung H, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Pearson-Stuttard J, Islami F, Fedewa SA, Goding Sauer A, Shuval K, Gapstur SM, Jacobs EJ et al (2019) Global patterns in excess body weight and the associated cancer burden. CA Cancer J Clin 69:88\u2013112","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"1048_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3902","volume":"15","author":"SJ Turley","year":"2015","unstructured":"Turley SJ, Cremasco V, Astarita JL (2015) Immunological hallmarks of stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment. Nat Rev Immunol 15:669\u2013682","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"1048_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-019-0296-z","volume":"18","author":"X Unamuno","year":"2021","unstructured":"Unamuno X, G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J, Ram\u00edrez B, Rodr\u00edguez A, Becerril S, Valent\u00ed V, Moncada R, Silva C, Salvador J, Fr\u00fchbeck G et al (2021) NLRP3 inflammasome blockade reduces adipose tissue inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling. Cell Mol Immunol 18:1045\u20131057","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"1048_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12997","volume":"48","author":"X Unamuno","year":"2018","unstructured":"Unamuno X, G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J, Rodr\u00edguez A, Becerril S, Fr\u00fchbeck G, Catal\u00e1n V (2018) Adipokine dysregulation and adipose tissue inflammation in human obesity. Eur J Clin Invest 48:e12997","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"1048_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-010-0277-x","volume":"21","author":"V Valent\u00ed","year":"2011","unstructured":"Valent\u00ed V, Mart\u00edn M, Ram\u00edrez B, G\u00f3mez-Ambrosi J, Rodr\u00edguez A, Catal\u00e1n V, Becerril S, Lancha A, Fern\u00e1ndez S, Cienfuegos JA et al (2011) Sleeve gastrectomy induces weight loss in diet-induced obese rats even if high-fat feeding is continued. Obes Surg 21:1438\u20131443","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"1048_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-023-00847-5","volume":"20","author":"PL Valenzuela","year":"2023","unstructured":"Valenzuela PL, Carrera-Bastos P, Castillo-Garc\u00eda A, Lieberman DE, Santos-Lozano A, Lucia A (2023) Obesity and the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Nat Rev Cardiol 20:475\u2013494","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"1048_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.621931","volume":"11","author":"B Van Den Eeckhout","year":"2020","unstructured":"Van Den Eeckhout B, Tavernier J, Gerlo S (2020) Interleukin-1 as innate mediator of T cell immunity. Front Immunol 11:621931","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1048_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-022-00792-3","volume":"23","author":"G van Loo","year":"2023","unstructured":"van Loo G, Bertrand MJM (2023) Death by TNF: a road to inflammation. Nat Rev Immunol 23:289\u2013303","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"1048_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1069094","volume":"295","author":"A Velcich","year":"2002","unstructured":"Velcich A, Yang W, Heyer J, Fragale A, Nicholas C, Viani S, Kucherlapati R, Lipkin M, Yang K, Augenlicht L (2002) Colorectal cancer in mice genetically deficient in the mucin Muc2. Science 295:1726\u20131729","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1048_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12127","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-91393-y","volume":"11","author":"JR Villarreal-Calderon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Villarreal-Calderon JR, Cuellar-Tamez R, Castillo EC, Luna-Ceron E, Garc\u00eda-Rivas G, Elizondo-Montemayor L (2021) Metabolic shift precedes the resolution of inflammation in a cohort of patients undergoing bariatric and metabolic surgery. Sci Rep 11:12127","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1048_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3369","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1402098","volume":"194","author":"TM Williams","year":"2015","unstructured":"Williams TM, Leeth RA, Rothschild DE, Coutermarsh-Ott SL, McDaniel DK, Simmons AE, Heid B, Cecere TE, Allen IC (2015) The NLRP1 inflammasome attenuates colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis. J Immunol 194:3369\u20133380","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"1048_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0286-3","volume":"16","author":"W Ying","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ying W, Fu W, Lee YS, Olefsky JM (2020) The role of macrophages in obesity-associated islet inflammation and \u03b2-cell abnormalities. Nat Rev Endocrinol 16:81\u201390","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"1048_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.08.035","volume":"171","author":"W Ying","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ying W, Riopel M, Bandyopadhyay G, Dong Y, Birmingham A, Seo JB, Ofrecio JM, Wollam J, Hernandez-Carretero A, Fu W et al (2017) Adipose tissue macrophage-derived exosomal miRNAs can modulate in vivo and in vitro insulin sensitivity. Cell 171:372-384.e312","journal-title":"Cell"}],"container-title":["Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13105-024-01048-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13105-024-01048-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13105-024-01048-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T00:36:03Z","timestamp":1757118963000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13105-024-01048-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,21]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["1048"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13105-024-01048-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1138-7548","1877-8755"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1138-7548","type":"print"},{"value":"1877-8755","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 December 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 September 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 September 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The protocol of the research was conformed to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Universidad de Navarra\u2019s Ethical Committee (protocol 2018.094).The procedures followed the European Guidelines for the care and use of Laboratory Animals (directive 2010\/63\/EU) and were approved by the Ethical Committee for Animal Experimentation of the University of Navarra (026-19).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors have nothing to disclose.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure statement"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}