{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T04:39:34Z","timestamp":1779165574123,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]],"date-time":"2016-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473897600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]],"date-time":"2016-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473897600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1U54 NS079201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U54 NS079201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 NS058030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 NS058030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LAMMP 445474-30136"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LAMMP 445474-30136"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000182","name":"U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH-12-2-0098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-12-2-0098"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000182","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Med. Toxicol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-016-0566-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]],"date-time":"2016-09-15T13:39:28Z","timestamp":1473946768000},"page":"370-379","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["The Vitamin B12 Analog Cobinamide Is an Effective Antidote for Oral Cyanide Poisoning"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jangwoen","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sari B.","family":"Mahon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Mukai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanya","family":"Burney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Behdod S.","family":"Katebian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriano","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vikhyat S.","family":"Bebarta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerry R.","family":"Boss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Brenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"566_CR1","first-page":"272","volume-title":"Textbook of military medicine. Part I, warfare, weaponry, and the casualty","author":"B SI","year":"1997","unstructured":"SI B, TG B. Medical aspects of chemical and biological warfare. Chapter 10, cyanide poisoning. In: FR S, ET T, DR F, Borden Institute (U.S.), editors. Textbook of military medicine. Part I, warfare, weaponry, and the casualty. Washington, D.C.: Borden Institute, Walter Reed Army Medical Center; Office of the Surgeon General, U.S. Army; U.S. Army Medical Dept. Center and School; U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; 1997. p. 272\u201386."},{"issue":"8","key":"566_CR2","first-page":"suppl 22","volume":"29","author":"M Eckstein","year":"2004","unstructured":"Eckstein M. Cyanide as a chemical terrorism weapon. JEMS. 2004;29(8):suppl 22\u201331.","journal-title":"JEMS"},{"issue":"10","key":"566_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.24.14.1358.43149","volume":"24","author":"R Gracia","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gracia R, Shepherd G. Cyanide poisoning and its treatment. Pharmacotherapy. 2004;24(10):1358\u201365.","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"566_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.1.21","volume":"60","author":"CO Martin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Martin CO, Adams Jr HP. Neurological aspects of biological and chemical terrorism: a review for neurologists. Arch Neurol. 2003;60(1):21\u20135.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"566_CR5","volume-title":"Cyanide in water and soil: chemistry, risk, and management","author":"DA Dzombak","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dzombak DA, Ghosh RS, Wong-Chong GM. Cyanide in water and soil: chemistry, risk, and management. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2006."},{"key":"566_CR6","volume-title":"The one percent doctrine: deep inside America\u2019s pursuit of its enemies since 9\/11","year":"2006","unstructured":"Suskind R, editor. The one percent doctrine: deep inside America\u2019s pursuit of its enemies since 9\/11. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster; 2006."},{"issue":"3","key":"566_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9496(2002)128:3(163)","volume":"128","author":"P Beering","year":"2002","unstructured":"Beering P. Threats on tap: understanding the terrorist threat to water. J Water Resour Plan Manag. 2002;128(3):163\u20137. doi:\n                    10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9496(2002)128:3(163)\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"J Water Resour Plan Manag"},{"issue":"SupplementS2","key":"566_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"s56","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X00015910","volume":"21","author":"ME Keim","year":"2006","unstructured":"Keim ME. Terrorism involving cyanide: the prospect of improving preparedness in the prehospital setting. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2006;21(SupplementS2):s56\u201360. doi:\n                    10.1017\/S1049023X00015910\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Prehosp Disaster Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"566_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3549(04)50017-1","volume":"116","author":"AS Khan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Khan AS, Swerdlow DL, Juranek DD. Precautions against biological and chemical terrorism directed at food and water supplies. Public Health Rep. 2001;116(1):3\u201314.","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"566_CR10","first-page":"94","volume":"32","author":"R Bhattacharya","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bhattacharya R. Antidotes to cyanide poisoning: present status. Indian J Pharm. 2000;32(2):94\u2013101.","journal-title":"Indian J Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"566_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqh020","volume":"54","author":"TF Cummings","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cummings TF. The treatment of cyanide poisoning. Occup Med (Lond). 2004;54(2):82\u20135.","journal-title":"Occup Med (Lond)"},{"key":"566_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2014.02.009","author":"VS Bebarta","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bebarta VS, Tanen DA, Boudreau S, Castaneda M, Zarzabal LA, Vargas T, et al. Intravenous cobinamide versus hydroxocobalamin for acute treatment of severe cyanide poisoning in a swine (Sus scrofa) model. Ann Emerg Med. 2014. doi:\n                    10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2014.02.009\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"566_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2010.08.002","volume":"248","author":"M Brenner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brenner M, Kim JG, Lee J, Mahon SB, Lemor D, Ahdout R, et al. Sulfanegen sodium treatment in a rabbit model of sub-lethal cyanide toxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2010;248(3):269\u201376. doi:\n                    10.1016\/j.taap.2010.08.002\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"566_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2009.12.002","volume":"55","author":"M Brenner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brenner M, Kim JG, Mahon SB, Lee J, Kreuter KA, Blackledge W, et al. Intramuscular cobinamide sulfite in a rabbit model of sublethal cyanide toxicity. Ann Emerg Med. 2010;55(4):352\u201363. doi:\n                    10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2009.12.002\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"566_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"017001","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3290816","volume":"15","author":"M Brenner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brenner M, Mahon SB, Lee J, Kim J, Mukai D, Goodman S, et al. Comparison of cobinamide to hydroxocobalamin in reversing cyanide physiologic effects in rabbits using diffuse optical spectroscopy monitoring. J Biomed Opt. 2010;15(1):017001. doi:\n                    10.1117\/1.3290816\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"J Biomed Opt"},{"issue":"5","key":"566_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020623100519","volume":"231","author":"KE Broderick","year":"2006","unstructured":"Broderick KE, Potluri P, Zhuang S, Scheffler IE, Sharma VS, Pilz RB, et al. Cyanide detoxification by the cobalamin precursor cobinamide. Exp Biol Med. 2006;231(5):641\u20139.","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"566_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2011.584879","volume":"49","author":"A Chan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chan A, Crankshaw DL, Monteil A, Patterson SE, Nagasawa HT, Briggs JE, et al. The combination of cobinamide and sulfanegen is highly effective in mouse models of cyanide poisoning. Clin Toxicol. 2011;49(5):366\u201373. doi:\n                    10.3109\/15563650.2011.584879\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol"},{"issue":"10","key":"566_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105005","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.17.10.105005","volume":"17","author":"JG Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim JG, Lee J, Mahon SB, Mukai D, Patterson SE, Boss GR, et al. Noninvasive monitoring of treatment response in a rabbit cyanide toxicity model reveals differences in brain and muscle metabolism. J Biomed Opt. 2012;17(10):105005. doi:\n                    10.1117\/1.JBO.17.10.105005\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"J Biomed Opt"},{"issue":"7","key":"566_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2010.505197","volume":"48","author":"A Chan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chan A, Balasubramanian M, Blackledge W, Mohammad OM, Alvarez L, Boss GR, et al. Cobinamide is superior to other treatments in a mouse model of cyanide poisoning. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2010;48(7):709\u201317. doi:\n                    10.3109\/15563650.2010.505197\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol (Phila)"},{"issue":"4","key":"566_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1021\/jm501565k","volume":"58","author":"A Chan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chan A, Jiang J, Fridman A, Guo LT, Shelton GD, Liu M-T, et al. Nitrocobinamide, a new cyanide antidote that can be administered by intramuscular injection. J Med Chem. 2015;58(4):1750\u20139. doi:\n                    10.1021\/jm501565k\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"566_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hayward GC, Hill HA, Pratt JM, Vanston NJ, Williams RJ. The chemistry of vitamin B 12. IV. The thermodynamic trans-effect. J Chem Soc Perkin 1. 1965:6485\u201393.","DOI":"10.1039\/jr9650006485"},{"issue":"11","key":"566_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12518","volume":"21","author":"VS Bebarta","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bebarta VS, Pitotti RL, Boudreau S, Tanen DA. Intraosseous versus intravenous infusion of hydroxocobalamin for the treatment of acute severe cyanide toxicity in a swine model. Acad Emerg Med Off J Soc Acad Emerg Med. 2014;21(11):1203\u201311. doi:\n                    10.1111\/acem.12518\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med Off J Soc Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"566_CR23","first-page":"789","volume":"232","author":"KE Broderick","year":"2007","unstructured":"Broderick KE, Balasubramanian M, Chan A, Potluri P, Feala J, Belke DD, et al. The cobalamin precursor cobinamide detoxifies nitroprusside-generated cyanide. Exp Biol Med. 2007;232(6):789\u201398.","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"566_CR24","unstructured":"Newhouse K, Chiu N. Toxicological review of hydrogen cyanide and cyanide salts. In: Agency USEP, editor. Washington, DC: EPA \n                    http:\/\/www.epa.gov\/iris\/toxreviews\/0060tr.pdf;\n                    \n                   Accessed on 20 March 2016."},{"issue":"5","key":"566_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-009-0767-7","volume":"54","author":"O Atug","year":"2009","unstructured":"Atug O, Dobrucali A, Orlando R. Critical pH level of lye (NaOH) for esophageal injury. Dig Dis Sci. 2009;54(5):980\u20137. doi:\n                    10.1007\/s10620-009-0767-7\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"34","key":"566_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6498","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.39.006498","volume":"39","author":"F Bevilacqua","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bevilacqua F, Berger AJ, Cerussi AE, Jakubowski D, Tromberg BJ. Broadband absorption spectroscopy in turbid media by combined frequency-domain and steady-state methods. Appl Opt (USA). 2000;39(34):6498\u2013507.","journal-title":"Appl Opt (USA)"},{"issue":"9","key":"566_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/28\/9\/007","volume":"28","author":"J Lee","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lee J, Armstrong J, Kreuter K, Tromberg BJ, Brenner M. Non-invasive in vivo diffuse optical spectroscopy monitoring of cyanide poisoning in a rabbit model. Physiol Meas. 2007;28(9):1057\u201366. doi:\n                    10.1088\/0967-3334\/28\/9\/007\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Physiol Meas"},{"issue":"2","key":"566_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00424.2004","volume":"100","author":"J Lee","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lee J, El-Abaddi N, Duke A, Cerussi AE, Brenner M, Tromberg BJ. Noninvasive in vivo monitoring of methemoglobin formation and reduction with broadband diffuse optical spectroscopy. J Appl Physiol. 2006;100(2):615\u201322. doi:\n                    10.1152\/japplphysiol.00424.2004\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"566_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-02-7408","volume":"174","author":"J Lee","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lee J, Keuter KA, Kim J, Tran A, Uppal A, Mukai D, et al. Noninvasive in vivo monitoring of cyanide toxicity and treatment using diffuse optical spectroscopy in a rabbit model. Mil Med. 2009;174(6):615\u201321.","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"566_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"055001","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.19.5.055001","volume":"19","author":"J Lee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee J, Kim JG, Mahon SB, Mukai D, Yoon D, Boss GR, et al. Noninvasive optical cytochrome c oxidase redox state measurements using diffuse optical spectroscopy. J Biomed Opt. 2014;19(5):055001. doi:\n                    10.1117\/1.JBO.19.5.055001\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"J Biomed Opt"},{"issue":"6","key":"566_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1177\/153303460300200608","volume":"2","author":"S Merritt","year":"2003","unstructured":"Merritt S, Gulsen G, Chiou G, Chu Y, Deng C, Cerussi AE, et al. Comparison of water and lipid content measurements using diffuse optical spectroscopy and MRI in emulsion phantoms. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2003;2(6):563\u20139.","journal-title":"Technol Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"566_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2500","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1150665","volume":"71","author":"TH Pham","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pham TH, Coquoz O, Fishikin JB, Anderson E, Tromberg BJ. Broad bandwidth frequency domain instrument for quantitative tissue optical spectroscopy. Rev Sci Instrum. 2000;71:2500\u201313.","journal-title":"Rev Sci Instrum"},{"key":"566_CR33","volume-title":"Visible and near-infrared absorption spectra of human and animal haemoglobin determination and application","author":"WG Zijlstra","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zijlstra WG, Buursma A, Assendelft OW. Visible and near-infrared absorption spectra of human and animal haemoglobin determination and application. Zeist, The Netherlands: CRC Press; 2000."},{"key":"566_CR34","volume-title":"Chapter 10 cytochrome c oxidase. In: Milazzo G, Graber P, editors. Treatise on bioelectrochemistry, vol. 3 Bioenergetics","author":"PR Rich","year":"1996","unstructured":"Rich PR, Moody AJ. Chapter 10 cytochrome c oxidase. In: Milazzo G, Graber P, editors. Treatise on bioelectrochemistry, vol. 3 Bioenergetics. Basel: Birkhauser Verlag; 1996."},{"issue":"4","key":"566_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/31.4.591","volume":"31","author":"P Lundquist","year":"1985","unstructured":"Lundquist P, Rosling H, Sorbo B. Determination of cyanide in whole blood, erythrocytes, and plasma. Clin Chem. 1985;31(4):591\u20135.","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"10","key":"566_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4216","DOI":"10.1021\/ac100519z","volume":"82","author":"WC Blackledge","year":"2010","unstructured":"Blackledge WC, Blackledge CW, Griesel A, Mahon SB, Brenner M, Pilz RB, et al. New facile method to measure cyanide in blood. Anal Chem. 2010;82(10):4216\u201321. doi:\n                    10.1021\/ac100519z\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Anal Chem"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13181-016-0566-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13181-016-0566-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13181-016-0566-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,17]],"date-time":"2020-05-17T16:58:43Z","timestamp":1589734723000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13181-016-0566-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["566"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13181-016-0566-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-9039","1937-6995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-9039","type":"print"},{"value":"1937-6995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 February 2016","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 May 2016","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 June 2016","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 September 2016","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"None","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest"}},{"value":"This study is supported by CounterACT NIH # 1U54 NS079201, CounterACT NIH # U01 NS058030, LAMMP # 445474-30136, and AMRMC W81XWH-12-2-0098.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Sources of Funding"}}]}}