{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T06:09:07Z","timestamp":1782972547309,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]],"date-time":"2018-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524441600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Med. Toxicol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-018-0660-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]],"date-time":"2018-04-23T09:31:24Z","timestamp":1524475884000},"page":"218-228","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Retrospective Study of the Characteristics of Anticoagulant-Type Rodenticide Poisoning in Hong Kong"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Wai Yan","family":"Ng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chor Kwan","family":"Ching","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeow Kuan","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sau Wah","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wing Lan","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tony Wing Lai","family":"Mak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"660_CR1","volume-title":"Goldfrank\u2019s toxicologic emergencies","author":"BC Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen BC, Su M. Antithrombotics. In: Hoffman RS, Howland MA, Lewin NA, Nelson LS, Goldfrank LR, editors. Goldfrank\u2019s toxicologic emergencies. 10e ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2015.","edition":"10e"},{"issue":"4","key":"660_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.2165\/00139709-200524040-00005","volume":"24","author":"BE Watt","year":"2005","unstructured":"Watt BE, Proudfoot AT, Bradberry SM, Vale JA. Anticoagulant rodenticides. Toxicol Rev. 2005;24(4):259\u201369.","journal-title":"Toxicol Rev"},{"issue":"17","key":"660_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.17.1929","volume":"158","author":"JD Chua","year":"1998","unstructured":"Chua JD, Friedenberg WR. Superwarfarin poisoning. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158(17):1929\u201332.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"660_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ingels M, Lai C, Tai W, Manning BH, Rangan C, Williams SR, et al. A prospective study of acute, unintentional, pediatric superwarfarin ingestions managed without decontamination. Ann Emerg Med. 2002;40(1):73\u20138.","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2002.125449"},{"issue":"7","key":"660_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.20784","volume":"82","author":"JE Spahr","year":"2007","unstructured":"Spahr JE, Maul JS, Rodgers GM. Superwarfarin poisoning: a report of two cases and review of the literature. Am J Hematol. 2007;82(7):656\u201360.","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"issue":"9","key":"660_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200108303450916","volume":"345","author":"SA Waien","year":"2001","unstructured":"Waien SA, Hayes D Jr, Leonardo JM. Severe coagulopathy as a consequence of smoking crack cocaine laced with rodenticide. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(9):700\u20131.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"660_CR7","first-page":"849","volume":"37","author":"X Cao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cao X, Li L, Zheng Y. Clinical analysis of 12 patients caused by long-acting anticoagulant rodenticide occult poisoning. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban [J. Cent South Univ Med Sci]. 2012;37(8):849\u201353.","journal-title":"Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban [J. Cent South Univ Med Sci]"},{"key":"660_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hong J, Yhim HY, Bang SM, Bae SH, Yuh YJ, Yoon SS, et al. Korean patients with superwarfarin intoxication and their outcome. J Korean Med Sci. 2010;25(12):1754\u20138.","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2010.25.12.1754"},{"issue":"3","key":"660_CR9","first-page":"300","volume":"40","author":"SY Kim","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kim SY, Cho SY, Lee HJ, Suh JT, Oh SH, Lee WI, et al. Superwarfarin intoxication of unknown etiology accompanying hemoperitoneum in a patient on fluconazole therapy. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2010;40(3):300\u20133.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"660_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-8343(90)90048-H","volume":"12","author":"ME Swigar","year":"1990","unstructured":"Swigar ME, Clemow LP, Saidi P, Kim HC. \u201cSuperwarfarin\u201d ingestion. A new problem in covert anticoagulant overdose. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1990;12(5):309\u201312.","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"660_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCarthy PT, Cox AD, Harrington DJ, Evely RS, Hampton E, al-Sabah AI, et al. Covert poisoning with difenacoum: clinical and toxicological observations. Hum Exp Toxicol. 1997;16(3):166\u201370.","DOI":"10.1177\/096032719701600306"},{"issue":"9","key":"660_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1177\/106002808802200910","volume":"22","author":"RG Richmond","year":"1988","unstructured":"Richmond RG, Sawyer WT, Aiello PD, Lindley CM. Extreme warfarin intoxication secondary to possible covert drug ingestion. Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1988;22(9):696\u20139.","journal-title":"Drug Intell Clin Pharm"},{"issue":"3","key":"660_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(96)70264-0","volume":"27","author":"EH Gilbert","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gilbert EH, Lowenstein SR, Koziol-McLain J, Barta DC, Steiner J. Chart reviews in emergency medicine research: where are the methods? Ann Emerg Med. 1996;27(3):305\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"660_CR14","first-page":"807","volume":"50","author":"CG Fraser","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fraser CG. Reference change values. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2011;50(5):807\u201312.","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"660_CR15","unstructured":"Westgard J. Quality requirements\u2014desirable specifications for total error, imprecision, and bias, derived from intra- and inter-individual biologic variation. [online] \n                    Westard.com\n                    \n                  . Available at: \n                    https:\/\/www.westgard.com\/biodatabase1.htm\n                    \n                  . Accessed 26 Jan 2018."},{"issue":"2","key":"660_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R108","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10129","volume":"15","author":"SJ Stanworth","year":"2011","unstructured":"Stanworth SJ, Walsh TS, Prescott RJ, Lee RJ, Watson DM, Wyncoll D. A national study of plasma use in critical care: clinical indications, dose and effect on prothrombin time. Crit Care. 2011;15(2):R108.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"660_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.3109\/15563659809028940","volume":"36","author":"HE Persson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Persson HE, Sjoberg GK, Haines JA, Pronczuk de Garbino J. Poisoning severity score. Grading of acute poisoning. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1998;36(3):205\u201313.","journal-title":"J Toxicol Clin Toxicol"},{"issue":"4","key":"660_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2015.06.002","volume":"29","author":"N King","year":"2015","unstructured":"King N, Tran MH. Long-acting anticoagulant rodenticide (superwarfarin) poisoning: a review of its historical development, epidemiology, and clinical management. Transfus Med Rev. 2015;29(4):250\u20138.","journal-title":"Transfus Med Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"660_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1097\/00006565-200206000-00006","volume":"18","author":"G Shepherd","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shepherd G, Klein-Schwartz W, Anderson BD. Acute, unintentional pediatric brodifacoum ingestions. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2002;18(3):174\u20138.","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"660_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu HY, Lin JL, Fu JF, Lin JH, Liu SH, Weng CH, et al. Outcomes of patients with rodenticide poisoning at a far east poison center. SpringerPlus. 2013;2:505.","DOI":"10.1186\/2193-1801-2-505"},{"key":"660_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pringle K, Caupp S, Shi J, Wheeler KK, Spiller HA, Casavant MJ, et al. Analysis of intentional drug poisonings using Ohio poison control center data, 2002-2014. Clin Toxicol (Phila.). 2017;55(7):652\u20138.","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2017.1309050"},{"key":"660_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feinstein DL, Akpa BS, Ayee MA, Boullerne AI, Braun D, Brodsky SV, et al. The emerging threat of superwarfarins: history, detection, mechanisms, and countermeasures. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2016;1374(1):111\u201322.","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13085"},{"issue":"3","key":"660_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2000.108317","volume":"36","author":"GR Bruno","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bruno GR, Howland MA, McMeeking A, Hoffman RS. Long-acting anticoagulant overdose: brodifacoum kinetics and optimal vitamin K dosing. Ann Emerg Med. 2000;36(3):262\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"660_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650701504366","volume":"46","author":"VM Lo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lo VM, Ching CK, Chan AY, Mak TW. Bromadiolone toxicokinetics: diagnosis and treatment implications. Clin Toxicol (Phila.). 2008;46(8):703\u201310.","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol (Phila.)"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13181-018-0660-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13181-018-0660-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13181-018-0660-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T19:26:16Z","timestamp":1555961176000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13181-018-0660-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}},"alternative-id":["660"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13181-018-0660-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-9039","1937-6995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-9039","type":"print"},{"value":"1937-6995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 December 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 March 2018","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 March 2018","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 April 2018","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"None","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Sources of Funding for Project"}},{"value":"None","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Previous Presentation of Data at Meetings or in Abstract Form"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest"}},{"value":"The authors report no declarations of interest.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure Statement"}}]}}