{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,14]],"date-time":"2026-11-14T07:19:51Z","timestamp":1794640791560,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668988800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Med. Toxicol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-022-00917-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]],"date-time":"2022-11-22T23:05:04Z","timestamp":1669158304000},"page":"4-6","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Benzodiazepine Shortages: A Recurrent Challenge in Need of a Solution"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6927-4427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"D. Whitledge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin R.","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryann","family":"Mazer-Amirshahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"917_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.4140\/TCP.n.2013.538","volume":"28","author":"JY Wick","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wick JY. The history of benzodiazepines. Consult Pharm. 2013;28(9):538\u201348.","journal-title":"Consult Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"917_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-016-0403-y","volume":"31","author":"SJ Weintraub","year":"2017","unstructured":"Weintraub SJ. Diazepam in the treatment of moderate to severe alcohol withdrawal. CNS Drugs. 2017;31(2):87\u201395.","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"8","key":"917_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2020.1854281","volume":"59","author":"GS Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang GS, Baker K, Ng P, Janis GC, Leonard J, Mistry RD, et al. A randomized trial comparing physostigmine vs lorazepam for treatment of antimuscarinic (anticholinergic) toxidrome. Clin Toxicol. 2021;59(8):698\u2013704.","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"917_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650701226192","volume":"45","author":"AD Woolf","year":"2007","unstructured":"Woolf AD, Erdman AR, Nelson LS, Caravati EM, Cobaugh DJ, Booze LL, et al. Tricyclic antidepressant poisoning: an evidence-based consensus guideline for out-of-hospital management. Clin Toxicol. 2007;45(3):203\u201333.","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol"},{"issue":"11","key":"917_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra041867","volume":"352","author":"EW Boyer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Boyer EW, Shannon M. The serotonin syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2005;352(11):1112\u201320.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"917_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(97)00529-5","volume":"44","author":"S Caroff","year":"1998","unstructured":"Caroff S, Mann S, Keck P. Specific treatment of the neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Biol Psychiat. 1998;44(6):378\u201381.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiat"},{"issue":"6","key":"917_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2015.1043441","volume":"53","author":"M Mazer-Amirshahi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mazer-Amirshahi M, Hawley KL, Zocchi M, Fox E, Pines JM, Nelson LS. Drug shortages: implications for medical toxicology. Clin Toxicol. 2015;53(6):519\u201324.","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"917_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-020-00775-7","volume":"16","author":"M Mazer-Amirshahi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mazer-Amirshahi M, Fox ER, Nelson LS, Smith SW, Stolbach AI. ACMT position statement on prescription drug shortages. J Med Toxicol. 2020;16(3):349\u201351.","journal-title":"J Med Toxicol"},{"issue":"4","key":"917_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-020-00794-4","volume":"16","author":"BM Farmer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Farmer BM, Cole JB, Olives TD, Farrell NM, Rao R, Nelson LS, et al. ACMT position statement: medication administration and safety during the response to COVID-19 pandemic. J Med Toxicol. 2020;16(4):481\u20133.","journal-title":"J Med Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"917_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-020-00782-8","volume":"16","author":"M Mazer-Amirshahi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mazer-Amirshahi M, Fox ER, Farmer BM, Stolbach AI. ACMT position statement: medication shortages during coronavirus disease pandemic. J Med Toxicol. 2020;16(3):346\u20138.","journal-title":"J Med Toxicol"},{"issue":"1","key":"917_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2008.12.001","volume":"27","author":"D Millikan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Millikan D, Rice B, Silbergleit R. Emergency treatment of status epilepticus: current thinking. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2009;27(1):101\u201313.","journal-title":"Emerg Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"917_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soto P, Johnson-Arbor K, Fox ER, Mazer-Amirshahi M. 2022 ACMT Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts \u2013 Virtual. Abstract 024: Drug Shortages Impacting Agents for Anticholinergic Delirium. J Med Toxicol. 2022;18(2):75\u2013125.","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-022-00888-1"},{"key":"917_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Labus B, Sands L, Rowley P, Azzam I, Holmberg S, Perz J, et al. Acute Hepatitis C virus infections attributed to unsafe injection practices at an endoscopy clinic\u2014Nevada, 2007. JAMA. 2008;299(23):2738.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.23.2738"},{"issue":"19","key":"917_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp110210","volume":"68","author":"R Kaakeh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kaakeh R, Sweet BV, Reilly C, Bush C, DeLoach S, Higgins B, et al. Impact of drug shortages on U.S. health systems. Am J Health-Syst Pharmacy. 2011;68(19):1811\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Health-Syst Pharmacy"},{"key":"917_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Woodcock J, Wosinska M. Economic and technological drivers of generic sterile injectable drug shortages. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2013;93(2): 170\u2013176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/clpt.2012.220","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2012.220"},{"key":"917_CR16","unstructured":"ACMT practice statement: antidote shortages: impact and response. American College of Medical Toxicology; 2012\u00a0[cited 2022 Sep 15].\u00a0Available from:\u00a0https:\/\/www.acmt.net\/_Library\/Position_Drafts\/AntidoteShortages111512.pdf. Accessed 20 Sept 2022."},{"key":"917_CR17","unstructured":"Drug Shortages Infographic [Internet]. U.S. Food & Drug Administration. 2019.\u00a0Available from:\u00a0https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/drug-shortages\/drug-shortages-infographic. Accessed 15 Sept 2022."},{"issue":"16","key":"917_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1800347","volume":"378","author":"M Mazer-Amirshahi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mazer-Amirshahi M, Fox ER. Saline shortages \u2014 many causes, no simple solution. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(16):1472\u20134.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"917_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-020-00814-3","volume":"17","author":"CJ Watson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Watson CJ, Whitledge JD, Siani AM, Burns MM. Pharmaceutical compounding: a history, regulatory overview, and systematic review of compounding errors. J Med Toxicol. 2021;17(2):197\u2013217.","journal-title":"J Med Toxicol"},{"issue":"21","key":"917_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp180441","volume":"75","author":"ER Fox","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fox ER, McLaughlin MM. ASHP guidelines on managing drug product shortages. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2018;75(21):1742\u201350.","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"issue":"4","key":"917_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-021-00848-1","volume":"17","author":"M Mazer-Amirshahi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mazer-Amirshahi M, Fox ER, Routsolias JC, Johnson-Arbor K, Mycyk MB. How Can We \u201cGet the Lead Out\u201d without chelators? J Med Toxicol. 2021;17(4):330\u20132.","journal-title":"J Med Toxicol"},{"issue":"2","key":"917_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-017-0639-z","volume":"14","author":"M Mazer-Amirshahi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mazer-Amirshahi M, Stolbach A, Nelson LS. ACMT Position statement: addressing the rising cost of prescription antidotes. J Med Toxicol. 2018;14(2):168\u201371.","journal-title":"J Med Toxicol"},{"key":"917_CR23","unstructured":"S.2595 - Drug Shortages Prevention and Quality Improvement Act. United States Congress. 2021. https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/117th-congress\/senate-bill\/2595 . Accessed 20 Sept 2022."},{"issue":"5","key":"917_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0215837","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0215837","volume":"14","author":"JM Phuong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Phuong JM, Penm J, Chaar B, Oldfield LD, Moles R. The impacts of medication shortages on patient outcomes: a scoping review. PLoS One. 2019;14(5):e0215837.","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13181-022-00917-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13181-022-00917-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13181-022-00917-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T15:21:39Z","timestamp":1672845699000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13181-022-00917-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["917"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13181-022-00917-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-9039","1937-6995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-9039","type":"print"},{"value":"1937-6995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 September 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 October 2022","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 November 2022","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 November 2022","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"James Whitledge and Maryann Mazer-Amirshahi report no conflicts of interest. Erin Fox leads the University of Utah Drug Information Service (UUDIS). The UUDIS has a contract with Vizient (a GPO) to provide drug shortage information. The total amount represents less than 5% of the UUDIS budget. No funds are paid directly to Erin Fox. Erin Fox receives partial travel support for providing continuing education on drug shortages from the Drug Information Association.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}