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Toxicol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Copperheads and cottonmouths are responsible for most snake envenomations in Louisiana. While the United States Food and Drug Administration has approved both Crotalidae polyvalent immune Fab (FabAV) and Crotalidae immune F(ab\u2019)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (Fab2AV) for <jats:italic>Agkistrodon<\/jats:italic> envenomations, data is limited comparing their efficacies for this indication.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This is a retrospective study comparing FabAV to Fab2AV in the treatment of suspected <jats:italic>Agkistrodon<\/jats:italic> envenomations in Louisiana between April 2017 and October 2024. Cases identifying rattlesnakes were excluded. The primary outcome was the need for additional antivenom doses to achieve control after the initial antivenom dose.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>One hundred fifty-eight patients received FabAV or Fab2AV, with 100 cases meeting inclusion criteria. Fifty-seven patients received FabAV and 43 received Fab2AV. The snake was identified as copperhead in 48 cases, cottonmouth in 23, and unidentified in 29. In the FabAV cohort, the initial number of vials ranged from four to 12 with a median dose of four vials. Nine FabAV cases (16%) required additional vials for initial control after the first dose. In the Fab2AV cohort, all patients received 10 vials initially, with 24 cases (56%) requiring additional vials for initial control after the first dose. There was a significant difference in the percentage of patients requiring additional control vials between FabAV and Fab2AV.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In this cohort of suspected <jats:italic>Agkistrodon<\/jats:italic> envenomations, control with initial recommended dosing was more often achieved with FabAV compared to Fab2AV (84% vs. 44%). The results suggest potential benefit to hospitals stocking FabAV in Louisiana and possibly other <jats:italic>Agkistrodon-<\/jats:italic>predominant regions.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-025-01093-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T14:40:44Z","timestamp":1756824044000},"page":"377-385","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparison of Crotalidae Immune F(ab\u2019)2 (Equine) and Crotalidae Polyvalent Immune Fab (Ovine) at Establishing Control of Initial Envenomation Symptoms in Louisiana Agkistrodon Envenomations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4565-9795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taylor","family":"Sanders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greggory","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Aspinwall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Theriot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"McVicker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"1093_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gummin DD, Mowry JB, Beuhler MC, Spyker DA, Rivers LJ, Feldman R, Brown K, Pham NPT, Bronstein AC, DesLauriers C. 2023 annual report of the National Poison Data System\u00ae (NPDS) from America\u2019s Poison Centers\u00ae: 41st annual report. 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The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the local institutional review board and a waiver of consent was granted.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}},{"value":"Taylor Sanders, Christine Murphy, Greggory Davis, Christina Aspinwall, Lauren Theriot, Christopher McVicker, and Thomas Arnold declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}