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Forty-three long-term screening non-attenders performed home vaginal self-sampling for HPV, had positive HPV results, and subsequently attended gynecologic examination. Sixteen (37.2%) had high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2 or 3), and two had invasive cervical cancer. Forty-one of these women completed a questionnaire concerning Specific Knowledge about HPV, CIN, and cervical cancer, potential barriers to screening and views about self-sampling. Results were compared with 479 women treated for CIN2+ who attended gynecologic follow-up and also performed self-sampling. Significant multivariate predictors of long-term non-attender status compared with referents were low Specific Knowledge, high confidence in self-sampling, and potential barriers\u2014refraining from activity to attend gynecologic examination, needing another's help to attend, and long travel time. Non-attenders citing fear\/refraining from gynecologic examination as why they preferred self-sampling significantly more often had lowest Specific Knowledge compared with other non-attenders. All non-attenders could envision themselves doing self-sampling again while only 74% of referents endorsed this statement (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0003). We conclude that HPV self-sampling is an acceptable option for women at increased cervical cancer risk who have been long-term screening non-attenders. Educational outreach to enhance Specific Knowledge about HPV, CIN and cervical cancer is critical. Those non-attenders who explicitly avoid gynecologic examinations need special attention. Trial Registry:\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">Clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    NCT02750124\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13187-019-01608-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,14]],"date-time":"2019-09-14T01:02:37Z","timestamp":1568422957000},"page":"126-133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Acceptance of Self-Sampling Among Long-Term Cervical Screening Non-Attenders with HPV-Positive Results: Promising Opportunity for Specific Cancer Education"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Sonia","family":"Andersson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Belki\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Mints","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellinor","family":"\u00d6stensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"1608_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"OF1","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-16-0858","volume":"26","author":"LA Torre","year":"2017","unstructured":"Torre LA, Islami F, Siegel RL, Ward EM, Jemal A (2017) Global cancer in women: burdens and trends. 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The study was approved by the Stockholm Regional Ethical Review Board 2015\/1075-31\/1. The questionnaire portion of the study was approved by the Karolinska Ethics Committee (2006\/1273-31, 2014\/2034-32).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclaimer"}}]}}