{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T12:17:51Z","timestamp":1769861871087,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":121,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,25]],"date-time":"2015-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429920000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc Eng Tech"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13239-015-0226-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,24]],"date-time":"2015-04-24T13:57:13Z","timestamp":1429883833000},"page":"209-219","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Understanding the Role of Sex in Heart Valve and Major Vascular Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Shirin","family":"Masjedi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zannatul","family":"Ferdous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"226_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000133194.94939.42","volume":"24","author":"M Abedin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Abedin, M., Y. Tintut, and L. L. Demer. Vascular calcification: mechanisms and clinical ramifications. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 24(7):1161\u20131170, 2004. doi: 10.1161\/01.ATV.0000133194.94939.42 .","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.112.980052","volume":"6","author":"SR Aggarwal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Aggarwal, S. R., M. A. Clavel, D. Messika-Zeitoun, C. Cueff, J. Malouf, P. A. Araoz, et al. Sex differences in aortic valve calcification measured by multidetector computed tomography in aortic stenosis. Circ. Cardiovasc. imaging 6(1):40\u201347, 2013. doi: 10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.112.980052 .","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. imaging"},{"issue":"11","key":"226_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000143386.26399.84","volume":"24","author":"G Ailawadi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ailawadi, G., J. L. Eliason, K. J. Roelofs, I. Sinha, K. K. Hannawa, E. P. Kaldjian, et al. Gender differences in experimental aortic aneurysm formation. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 24(11):2116\u20132122, 2004. doi: 10.1161\/01.ATV.0000143386.26399.84 .","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"issue":"7","key":"226_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s11748-012-0082-7","volume":"60","author":"BS Al-Alao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Al-Alao, B. S., H. Parissis, E. McGovern, M. Tolan, and V. K. Young. Gender influence in isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a propensity match score analysis of early outcomes. Gen. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 60(7):417\u2013424, 2012. doi: 10.1007\/s11748-012-0082-7 .","journal-title":"Gen. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg."},{"issue":"23","key":"226_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.08.032","volume":"50","author":"DV Anand","year":"2007","unstructured":"Anand, D. V., E. Lim, D. Darko, P. Bassett, D. Hopkins, D. Lipkin, et al. Determinants of progression of coronary artery calcification in type 2 diabetes role of glycemic control and inflammatory\/vascular calcification markers. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 50(23):2218\u20132225, 2007. doi: 10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.08.032 .","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"226_CR6","first-page":"271","volume":"29","author":"P Angelini","year":"2002","unstructured":"Angelini, P. Coronary artery anomalies\u2014current clinical issues: definitions, classification, incidence, clinical relevance, and treatment guidelines. Tex. Heart Inst. J. 29(4):271\u2013278, 2002.","journal-title":"Tex. Heart Inst. J."},{"issue":"10","key":"226_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.618082","volume":"115","author":"P Angelini","year":"2007","unstructured":"Angelini, P. Coronary artery anomalies: an entity in search of an identity. Circulation 115(10):1296\u20131305, 2007. doi: 10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.618082 .","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"226_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(86)90099-7","volume":"62","author":"VW Armstrong","year":"1986","unstructured":"Armstrong, V. W., P. Cremer, E. Eberle, A. Manke, F. Schulze, H. Wieland, et al. The association between serum Lp(a) concentrations and angiographically assessed coronary atherosclerosis. Dependence on serum LDL levels. Atherosclerosis. 62(3):249\u2013257, 1986.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis."},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(95)90047-0","volume":"129","author":"S Aufderheide","year":"1995","unstructured":"Aufderheide, S., D. Lax, and S. J. Goldberg. Gender differences in dehydration-induced mitral valve prolapse. Am. Heart J. 129(1):83\u201386, 1995.","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"issue":"11","key":"226_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-149-11-200812020-00003","volume":"149","author":"JF Avierinos","year":"2008","unstructured":"Avierinos, J. F., J. Inamo, F. Grigioni, B. Gersh, C. Shub, and M. Enriquez-Sarano. Sex differences in morphology and outcomes of mitral valve prolapse. Ann. Intern. Med. 149(11):787\u2013795, 2008.","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"226_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.225.239","volume":"225","author":"Y Aydar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aydar, Y., H. U. Yazici, A. Birdane, M. Nasifov, A. Nadir, T. Ulus, et al. Gender differences in the types and frequency of coronary artery anomalies. Tohoku J. Exp. Med. 225(4):239\u2013247, 2011.","journal-title":"Tohoku J. Exp. Med."},{"issue":"25","key":"226_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3046","DOI":"10.1161\/hc5001.100624","volume":"104","author":"CM Ballantyne","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ballantyne, C. M., A. G. Olsson, T. J. Cook, M. F. Mercuri, T. R. Pedersen, and J. Kjekshus. Influence of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and elevated triglyceride on coronary heart disease events and response to simvastatin therapy in 4S. Circulation 104(25):3046\u20133051, 2001.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"226_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.30.6.927","volume":"30","author":"HA Blake","year":"1964","unstructured":"Blake, H. A., W. C. Manion, T. W. Mattingly, and G. Baroldi. Coronary artery anomalies. Circulation 30:927\u2013940, 1964.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"9 Suppl","key":"226_CR14","first-page":"I323","volume":"112","author":"R Blankstein","year":"2005","unstructured":"Blankstein, R., R. P. Ward, M. Arnsdorf, B. Jones, Y. B. Lou, and M. Pine. Female gender is an independent predictor of operative mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: contemporary analysis of 31 Midwestern hospitals. Circulation 112(9 Suppl):I323\u2013I327, 2005. doi: 10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.525139 .","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"226_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.86.4.1099","volume":"86","author":"JD Carroll","year":"1992","unstructured":"Carroll, J. D., E. P. Carroll, T. Feldman, D. M. Ward, R. M. Lang, D. McGaughey, et al. Sex-associated differences in left ventricular function in aortic stenosis of the elderly. Circulation 86(4):1099\u20131107, 1992.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"18","key":"226_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2004.04.024","volume":"75","author":"MA Cavasin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cavasin, M. A., Z. Tao, S. Menon, and X. P. Yang. Gender differences in cardiac function during early remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in mice. Life Sci. 75(18):2181\u20132192, 2004. doi: 10.1016\/j.lfs.2004.04.024 .","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"226_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.48","volume":"60","author":"S Chakrabarti","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chakrabarti, S., O. Lekontseva, and S. T. Davidge. Estrogen is a modulator of vascular inflammation. IUBMB Life 60(6):376\u2013382, 2008. doi: 10.1002\/iub.48 .","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"issue":"12","key":"226_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.234237","volume":"108","author":"JH Chen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chen, J. H., and C. A. Simmons. Cell-matrix interactions in the pathobiology of calcific aortic valve disease: critical roles for matricellular, matricrine, and matrix mechanics cues. Circ. Res. 108(12):1510\u20131524, 2011. doi: 10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.234237 .","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"226_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.080750","volume":"174","author":"JH Chen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chen, J. H., C. Y. Yip, E. D. Sone, and C. A. Simmons. Identification and characterization of aortic valve mesenchymal progenitor cells with robust osteogenic calcification potential. Am. J. Pathol. 174(3):1109\u20131119, 2009. doi: 10.2353\/ajpath.2009.080750 .","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"issue":"2","key":"226_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2009.06.047","volume":"147","author":"BS Cho","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cho, B. S., K. J. Roelofs, J. W. Ford, P. K. Henke, and G. R. Upchurch, Jr. Decreased collagen and increased matrix metalloproteinase-13 in experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms in males compared with females. Surgery. 147(2):258\u2013267, 2010. doi: 10.1016\/j.surg.2009.06.047 .","journal-title":"Surgery."},{"issue":"2","key":"226_CR21","first-page":"820","volume":"81","author":"M Cutolo","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cutolo, M., S. Accardo, B. Villaggio, A. Barone, A. Sulli, D. A. Coviello, et al. Androgen and estrogen receptors are present in primary cultures of human synovial macrophages. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81(2):820\u2013827, 1996. doi: 10.1210\/jcem.81.2.8636310 .","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"226_CR22","unstructured":"Darling, R. C., C. R. Messina, D. C. Brewster, and L. W. Ottinger. Autopsy study of unoperated abdominal aortic aneurysms. The case for early resection. Circulation 56(3 Suppl):II161\u2013II164, 1977."},{"key":"226_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dechamethakun, S., S. Ikeda, T. Arai, N. Sato, M. Sawabe, and M. Muramatsu. Associations between the CDKN2A\/B, ADTRP and PDGFD polymorphisms and the development of coronary atherosclerosis in Japanese patients. J. Atheroscler. Thromb. 2014.","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.22640"},{"issue":"6","key":"226_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-97-6-826","volume":"97","author":"RB Devereux","year":"1982","unstructured":"Devereux, R. B., W. T. Brown, R. Kramer-Fox, and I. Sachs. Inheritance of mitral valve prolapse: effect of age and sex on gene expression. Ann. Intern. Med. 97(6):826\u2013832, 1982.","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"226_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90339-6","volume":"81","author":"RB Devereux","year":"1986","unstructured":"Devereux, R. B., I. Hawkins, R. Kramer-Fox, E. M. Lutas, I. W. Hammond, M. C. Spitzer, et al. Complications of mitral valve prolapse. Disproportionate occurrence in men and older patients. Am. J. Med. 81(5):751\u2013758, 1986.","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"226_CR26","author":"LH Eraso","year":"2012","unstructured":"Eraso, L. H., E. Fukaya, E. R. Mohler, 3rd, D. Xie, D. Sha, and J. S. Berger. Peripheral arterial disease, prevalence and cumulative risk factor profile analysis. Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol. 2012. doi: 10.1177\/2047487312452968 .","journal-title":"Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"226_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.154.4.1838","volume":"154","author":"MR Frazier-Jessen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Frazier-Jessen, M. R., and E. J. Kovacs. Estrogen modulation of JE\/monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 mRNA expression in murine macrophages. J Immunol. 154(4):1838\u20131845, 1995.","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199907013410101","volume":"341","author":"LA Freed","year":"1999","unstructured":"Freed, L. A., D. Levy, R. A. Levine, M. G. Larson, J. C. Evans, D. L. Fuller, et al. Prevalence and clinical outcome of mitral-valve prolapse. N. Engl. J. Med. 341(1):1\u20137, 1999. doi: 10.1056\/NEJM199907013410101 .","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"24","key":"226_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3316","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.486738","volume":"111","author":"RV Freeman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Freeman, R. V., and C. M. Otto. Spectrum of calcific aortic valve disease: pathogenesis, disease progression, and treatment strategies. Circulation 111(24):3316\u20133326, 2005. doi: 10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.486738 .","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(00)00538-4","volume":"155","author":"MG Frontini","year":"2001","unstructured":"Frontini, M. G., S. R. Srinivasan, A. Elkasabany, and G. S. Berenson. Distribution and cardiovascular risk correlates of serum triglycerides in young adults from a biracial community: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Atherosclerosis. 155(1):201\u2013209, 2001.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis."},{"key":"226_CR31","unstructured":"Go, A. D. M., V. L. Roger, E. J. Benjamin, and J. D. Berry. Heazrt disease and stroke statistics-2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 127, 2013."},{"issue":"3","key":"226_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000441139.02102.80","volume":"129","author":"AS Go","year":"2014","unstructured":"Go, A. S., D. Mozaffarian, V. L. Roger, E. J. Benjamin, J. D. Berry, M. J. Blaha, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 129(3):e28\u2013e292, 2014. doi: 10.1161\/01.cir.0000441139.02102.80 .","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"12","key":"226_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-117-12-1016","volume":"117","author":"D Grady","year":"1992","unstructured":"Grady, D., S. M. Rubin, D. B. Petitti, C. S. Fox, D. Black, B. Ettinger, et al. Hormone therapy to prevent disease and prolong life in postmenopausal women. Ann. Intern. Med. 117(12):1016\u20131037, 1992.","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"20","key":"226_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19704","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M501244200","volume":"280","author":"X Guo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Guo, X., M. Razandi, A. Pedram, G. Kassab, and E. R. Levin. Estrogen induces vascular wall dilation: mediation through kinase signaling to nitric oxide and estrogen receptors alpha and beta. J. Biol. Chem. 280(20):19704\u201319710, 2005. doi: 10.1074\/jbc.M501244200 .","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"4","key":"226_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2008.05.001","volume":"18","author":"V Gupta","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gupta, V., J. E. Barzilla, J. S. Mendez, E. H. Stephens, E. L. Lee, C. D. Collard, et al. Abundance and location of proteoglycans and hyaluronan within normal and myxomatous mitral valves. Cardiovasc. Pathol. 18(4):191\u2013197, 2009. doi: 10.1016\/j.carpath.2008.05.001 .","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Pathol."},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2596","volume":"10","author":"C Hahn","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hahn, C., and M. A. Schwartz. Mechanotransduction in vascular physiology and atherogenesis. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 10(1):53\u201362, 2009. doi: 10.1038\/nrm2596 .","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(95)05710-2","volume":"121","author":"H Hanke","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hanke, H., S. Hanke, B. Bruck, U. Brehme, N. Gugel, G. Finking, et al. Inhibition of the protective effect of estrogen by progesterone in experimental atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 121(1):129\u2013138, 1996.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"226_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S30","DOI":"10.2310\/6670.2008.00092","volume":"17","author":"KK Hannawa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hannawa, K. K., J. L. Eliason, and G. R. Upchurch, Jr. Gender differences in abdominal aortic aneurysms. Vascular. 17(Suppl 1):S30\u2013S39, 2009.","journal-title":"Vascular."},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(00)00005-5","volume":"46","author":"CS Hayward","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hayward, C. S., R. P. Kelly, and P. Collins. The roles of gender, the menopause and hormone replacement on cardiovascular function. Cardiovasc. Res. 46(1):28\u201349, 2000.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"226_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116078","volume":"134","author":"G Heiss","year":"1991","unstructured":"Heiss, G., A. R. Sharrett, R. Barnes, L. E. Chambless, M. Szklo, and C. Alzola. Carotid atherosclerosis measured by B-mode ultrasound in populations: associations with cardiovascular risk factors in the ARIC study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 134(3):250\u2013256, 1991.","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1981.tb135284.x","volume":"1","author":"AJ Hickey","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hickey, A. J., J. Wolfers, and D. E. Wilcken. Mitral-valve prolapse: prevalence in an Australian population. Med. J. Aust. 1(1):31\u201333, 1981.","journal-title":"Med. J. Aust."},{"issue":"9","key":"226_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.01.016","volume":"50","author":"ME Hogg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hogg, M. E., V. N. Varu, A. K. Vavra, D. A. Popowich, M. N. Banerjee, J. Martinez, et al. Effect of nitric oxide on neointimal hyperplasia based on sex and hormone status. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 50(9):1065\u20131074, 2011. doi: 10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.01.016 .","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2011.09.021","volume":"173","author":"ME Hogg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hogg, M. E., A. K. Vavra, M. N. Banerjee, J. Martinez, Q. Jiang, L. K. Keefer, et al. The role of estrogen receptor alpha and beta in regulating vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation is based on sex. J. Surg. Res. 173(1):e1\u2013e10, 2012. doi: 10.1016\/j.jss.2011.09.021 .","journal-title":"J. Surg. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"226_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0597-545","volume":"3","author":"MD Iafrati","year":"1997","unstructured":"Iafrati, M. D., R. H. Karas, M. Aronovitz, S. Kim, T. R. Sullivan, Jr, D. B. Lubahn, et al. Estrogen inhibits the vascular injury response in estrogen receptor alpha-deficient mice. Nat. Med. 3(5):545\u2013548, 1997.","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"226_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2814","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116901","volume":"92","author":"T Ikeda","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ikeda, T., T. Shirasawa, Y. Esaki, S. Yoshiki, and K. Hirokawa. Osteopontin mRNA is expressed by smooth muscle-derived foam cells in human atherosclerotic lesions of the aorta. J. Clin. Invest. 92(6):2814\u20132820, 1993. doi: 10.1172\/JCI116901 .","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"issue":"6","key":"226_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-006-9101-0","volume":"34","author":"BC Isenberg","year":"2006","unstructured":"Isenberg, B. C., C. Williams, and R. T. Tranquillo. Endothelialization and flow conditioning of fibrin-based media-equivalents. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 34(6):971\u2013985, 2006. doi: 10.1007\/s10439-006-9101-0 .","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"8795","key":"226_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)90599-X","volume":"339","author":"CG Isles","year":"1992","unstructured":"Isles, C. G., D. J. Hole, V. M. Hawthorne, and A. F. Lever. Relation between coronary risk and coronary mortality in women of the Renfrew and Paisley survey: comparison with men. Lancet 339(8795):702\u2013706, 1992.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"13","key":"226_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-668X(03)00201-X","volume":"24","author":"B Iung","year":"2003","unstructured":"Iung, B., G. Baron, E. G. Butchart, F. Delahaye, C. Gohlke-Barwolf, O. W. Levang, et al. A prospective survey of patients with valvular heart disease in Europe: The Euro Heart Survey on Valvular Heart Disease. Eur. Heart J. 24(13):1231\u20131243, 2003.","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"issue":"3","key":"226_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(00)01362-X","volume":"87","author":"EC Jones","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jones, E. C., R. B. Devereux, M. J. Roman, J. E. Liu, D. Fishman, E. T. Lee, et al. Prevalence and correlates of mitral regurgitation in a population-based sample (The Strong Heart Study). Am. J. Cardiol. 87(3):298\u2013304, 2001. doi: 10.1016\/S0002-9149(00)01362-X .","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"226_CR50","first-page":"27","volume":"5","author":"WB Kannel","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kannel, W. B. The Framingham Study: historical insight on the impact of cardiovascular risk factors in men versus women. J. Gend. Specif. Med. 5(2):27\u201337, 2002.","journal-title":"J. Gend. Specif. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1995.00430010063008","volume":"155","author":"WB Kannel","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kannel, W. B., and P. W. Wilson. Risk factors that attenuate the female coronary disease advantage. Arch. Intern. Med. 155(1):57\u201361, 1995.","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"226_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02166","volume":"154","author":"D Kapoor","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kapoor, D., E. Goodwin, K. S. Channer, and T. H. Jones. Testosterone replacement therapy improves insulin resistance, glycaemic control, visceral adiposity and hypercholesterolaemia in hypogonadal men with type 2 diabetes. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 154(6):899\u2013906, 2006. doi: 10.1530\/eje.1.02166 .","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"226_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(97)70268-4","volume":"25","author":"DJ Katz","year":"1997","unstructured":"Katz, D. J., J. C. Stanley, and G. B. Zelenock. Gender differences in abdominal aortic aneurysm prevalence, treatment, and outcome. J. Vasc. Surg. 25(3):561\u2013568, 1997.","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Surg."},{"issue":"7","key":"226_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117298","volume":"140","author":"DK Kiely","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kiely, D. K., P. A. Wolf, L. A. Cupples, A. S. Beiser, and W. B. Kannel. Physical activity and stroke risk: the Framingham Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 140(7):608\u2013620, 1994.","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"226_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000103172.98986.25","volume":"93","author":"M Kimura","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kimura, M., K. Sudhir, M. Jones, E. Simpson, A. M. Jefferis, and J. P. Chin-Dusting. Impaired acetylcholine-induced release of nitric oxide in the aorta of male aromatase-knockout mice: regulation of nitric oxide production by endogenous sex hormones in males. Circ. Res. 93(12):1267\u20131271, 2003. doi: 10.1161\/01.RES.0000103172.98986.25 .","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"226_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.1999.tb00694.x","volume":"29","author":"PA Komesaroff","year":"1999","unstructured":"Komesaroff, P. A., R. Murray, C. Rajkumar, M. D. Esler, G. L. Jennings, A. M. Dart, et al. Aromatase inhibition alters vascular reactivity and arterial compliance in men: a possible vascular role for endogenous sex hormones in males. Aust. N. Z. J. Med. 29(2):265\u2013267, 1999.","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"226_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.55.3.295","volume":"55","author":"L Lapidus","year":"1986","unstructured":"Lapidus, L., and C. Bengtsson. Socioeconomic factors and physical activity in relation to cardiovascular disease and death. A 12\u00a0year follow up of participants in a population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Br. Heart J. 55(3):295\u2013301, 1986.","journal-title":"Br. Heart J."},{"issue":"2","key":"226_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2012.04.073","volume":"178","author":"A Laser","year":"2012","unstructured":"Laser, A., G. Lu, A. Ghosh, K. Roelofs, B. McEvoy, P. DiMusto, et al. Differential gender- and species-specific formation of aneurysms using a novel method of inducing abdominal aortic aneurysms. J. Surg. Res. 178(2):1038\u20131045, 2012. doi: 10.1016\/j.jss.2012.04.073 .","journal-title":"J. Surg. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"226_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(92)90068-7","volume":"124","author":"D Lax","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lax, D., M. Eicher, and S. J. Goldberg. Mild dehydration induces echocardiographic signs of mitral valve prolapse in healthy females with prior normal cardiac findings. Am. Heart J. 124(6):1533\u20131540, 1992.","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"issue":"10","key":"226_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.10.1425","volume":"160","author":"FA Lederle","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lederle, F. A., G. R. Johnson, S. E. Wilson, E. P. Chute, R. J. Hye, M. S. Makaroun, et al. The aneurysm detection and management study screening program: validation cohort and final results. Aneurysm Detection and Management Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Investigators. Arch. Intern. Med. 160(10):1425\u20131430, 2000.","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"226_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.83.2.224","volume":"83","author":"V Lindner","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lindner, V., S. K. Kim, R. H. Karas, G. G. Kuiper, J. A. Gustafsson, and M. E. Mendelsohn. Increased expression of estrogen receptor-beta mRNA in male blood vessels after vascular injury. Circ. Res. 83(2):224\u2013229, 1998.","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"226_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s12079-009-0068-0","volume":"3","author":"SA Lund","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lund, S. A., C. M. Giachelli, and M. Scatena. The role of osteopontin in inflammatory processes. J. Cell Commun. Signal. 3(3\u20134):311\u2013322, 2009. doi: 10.1007\/s12079-009-0068-0 .","journal-title":"J. Cell Commun. Signal."},{"issue":"12","key":"226_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1007\/s12471-010-0841-y","volume":"18","author":"AH Maas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Maas, A. H., and Y. E. Appelman. Gender differences in coronary heart disease. Neth Heart J. 18(12):598\u2013603, 2010. doi: 10.1007\/s12471-010-0841-y .","journal-title":"Neth Heart J."},{"issue":"5","key":"226_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2008.01.034","volume":"582","author":"W Malorni","year":"2008","unstructured":"Malorni, W., E. Straface, P. Matarrese, B. Ascione, R. Coinu, S. Canu, et al. Redox state and gender differences in vascular smooth muscle cells. FEBS Lett. 582(5):635\u2013642, 2008. doi: 10.1016\/j.febslet.2008.01.034 .","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"issue":"11","key":"226_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2011.2734","volume":"20","author":"R Manfredini","year":"2011","unstructured":"Manfredini, R., F. Fabbian, M. Pala, R. Tiseo, A. De Giorgi, F. Manfredini, et al. Seasonal and weekly patterns of occurrence of acute cardiovascular diseases: does a gender difference exist? J. Womens Health (Larchmt). 20(11):1663\u20131668, 2011. doi: 10.1089\/jwh.2011.2734 .","journal-title":"J. Womens Health (Larchmt)."},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR66","first-page":"57","volume":"5","author":"E Mannarino","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mannarino, E., and M. Pirro. Molecular biology of atherosclerosis. Clin. Cases Miner. Bone Metab. 5(1):57\u201362, 2008.","journal-title":"Clin. Cases Miner. Bone Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1191\/1358863x02vm413ra","volume":"7","author":"MW Manning","year":"2002","unstructured":"Manning, M. W., L. A. Cassi, J. Huang, S. J. Szilvassy, and A. Daugherty. Abdominal aortic aneurysms: fresh insights from a novel animal model of the disease. Vasc. Med. 7(1):45\u201354, 2002.","journal-title":"Vasc. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"226_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-114348","volume":"23","author":"A Maselli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Maselli, A., P. Matarrese, E. Straface, S. Canu, F. Franconi, and W. Malorni. Cell sex: a new look at cell fate studies. FASEB J. 23(4):978\u2013984, 2009. doi: 10.1096\/fj.08-114348 .","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"issue":"6","key":"226_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000074878.29805.D0","volume":"23","author":"Y Matsui","year":"2003","unstructured":"Matsui, Y., S. R. Rittling, H. Okamoto, M. Inobe, N. Jia, T. Shimizu, et al. Osteopontin deficiency attenuates atherosclerosis in female apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 23(6):1029\u20131034, 2003. doi: 10.1161\/01.ATV.0000074878.29805.D0 .","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"issue":"7","key":"226_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39980","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039980","volume":"7","author":"CM McCoy","year":"2012","unstructured":"McCoy, C. M., D. Q. Nicholas, and K. S. Masters. Sex-related differences in gene expression by porcine aortic valvular interstitial cells. PLoS ONE 7(7):e39980, 2012. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0039980 .","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"226_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.7.5.483","volume":"7","author":"JR McNamara","year":"1987","unstructured":"McNamara, J. R., H. Campos, J. M. Ordovas, J. Peterson, P. W. Wilson, and E. J. Schaefer. Effect of gender, age, and lipid status on low density lipoprotein subfraction distribution. Results from the Framingham Offspring Study. Arteriosclerosis 7(5):483\u2013490, 1987.","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis"},{"issue":"5728","key":"226_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1112062","volume":"308","author":"ME Mendelsohn","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mendelsohn, M. E., and R. H. Karas. Molecular and cellular basis of cardiovascular gender differences. Science 308(5728):1583\u20131587, 2005. doi: 10.1126\/science.1112062 .","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"12","key":"226_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-006-9163-z","volume":"34","author":"K Mendelson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mendelson, K., and F. J. Schoen. Heart valve tissue engineering: concepts, approaches, progress, and challenges. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 34(12):1799\u20131819, 2006. doi: 10.1007\/s10439-006-9163-z .","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"12","key":"226_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R200015-JLR200","volume":"43","author":"M Merkel","year":"2002","unstructured":"Merkel, M., R. H. Eckel, and I. J. Goldberg. Lipoprotein lipase: genetics, lipid uptake, and regulation. J. Lipid Res. 43(12):1997\u20132006, 2002.","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"226_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(00)00748-7","volume":"85","author":"T Mori","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mori, T., J. Durand, Y. Chen, J. A. Thompson, S. Bakir, and S. Oparil. Effects of short-term estrogen treatment on the neointimal response to balloon injury of rat carotid artery. Am. J. Cardiol. 85(10):1276\u20131279, 2000.","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"226_CR76","first-page":"134692","volume":"2010","author":"T Nakamura","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nakamura, T., M. Ogita, J. Ako, and S. Momomura. Gender differences of plaque characteristics in elderly patients with stable angina pectoris: an intravascular ultrasonic radiofrequency data analysis. Int. J. Vasc. Med. 2010:134692, 2010. doi: 10.1155\/2010\/134692 .","journal-title":"Int. J. Vasc. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"226_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3589","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.051003698","volume":"98","author":"L Nathan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nathan, L., W. Shi, H. Dinh, T. K. Mukherjee, X. Wang, A. J. Lusis, et al. Testosterone inhibits early atherogenesis by conversion to estradiol: critical role of aromatase. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA. 98(6):3589\u20133593, 2001. doi: 10.1073\/pnas.051003698 .","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA."},{"issue":"9540","key":"226_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69208-8","volume":"368","author":"VT Nkomo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nkomo, V. T., J. M. Gardin, T. N. Skelton, J. S. Gottdiener, C. G. Scott, and M. Enriquez-Sarano. Burden of valvular heart diseases: a population-based study. Lancet 368(9540):1005\u20131011, 2006. doi: 10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69208-8 .","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"20","key":"226_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3270","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000147610.41984.E8","volume":"110","author":"J Nordmeyer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nordmeyer, J., S. Eder, S. Mahmoodzadeh, P. Martus, J. Fielitz, J. Bass, et al. Upregulation of myocardial estrogen receptors in human aortic stenosis. Circulation 110(20):3270\u20133275, 2004. doi: 10.1161\/01.CIR.0000147610.41984.E8 .","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"226_CR80","first-page":"I547","volume":"114","author":"L Osman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Osman, L., M. H. Yacoub, N. Latif, M. Amrani, and A. H. Chester. Role of human valve interstitial cells in valve calcification and their response to atorvastatin. Circulation 114(1 Suppl):I547\u2013I552, 2006. doi: 10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.001115 .","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"226_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-007-0756-2","volume":"12","author":"M Ott","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ott, M., V. Gogvadze, S. Orrenius, and B. Zhivotovsky. Mitochondria, oxidative stress and cell death. Apoptosis Int. J. Program. Cell Death 12(5):913\u2013922, 2007. doi: 10.1007\/s10495-007-0756-2 .","journal-title":"Apoptosis Int. J. Program. Cell Death"},{"issue":"5","key":"226_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2009.10.071","volume":"105","author":"DS Owens","year":"2010","unstructured":"Owens, D. S., R. Katz, J. Takasu, R. Kronmal, M. J. Budoff, and K. D. O\u2019Brien. Incidence and progression of aortic valve calcium in the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Am. J. Cardiol. 105(5):701\u2013708, 2010. doi: 10.1016\/j.amjcard.2009.10.071 .","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"10","key":"226_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000021114.92282.FA","volume":"90","author":"G Pare","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pare, G., A. Krust, R. H. Karas, S. Dupont, M. Aronovitz, P. Chambon, et al. Estrogen receptor-alpha mediates the protective effects of estrogen against vascular injury. Circ. Res. 90(10):1087\u20131092, 2002.","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"issue":"15","key":"226_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2254","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.541078","volume":"112","author":"MM Redfield","year":"2005","unstructured":"Redfield, M. M., S. J. Jacobsen, B. A. Borlaug, R. J. Rodeheffer, and D. A. Kass. Age- and gender-related ventricular-vascular stiffening: a community-based study. Circulation 112(15):2254\u20132262, 2005. doi: 10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.541078 .","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"226_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s10354-011-0892-8","volume":"161","author":"V Regitz-Zagrosek","year":"2011","unstructured":"Regitz-Zagrosek, V., and U. Seeland. Sex and gender differences in myocardial hypertrophy and heart failure. Wien. Med. Wochenschr. 161(5\u20136):109\u2013116, 2011. doi: 10.1007\/s10354-011-0892-8 .","journal-title":"Wien. Med. Wochenschr."},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.02.011","volume":"80","author":"J Ritchie","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ritchie, J., J. N. Warnock, and A. P. Yoganathan. Structural characterization of the chordae tendineae in native porcine mitral valves. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 80(1):189\u2013197, 2005. doi: 10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.02.011 .","journal-title":"Ann. Thorac. Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"226_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(01)00473-4","volume":"53","author":"MA Sader","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sader, M. A., and D. S. Celermajer. Endothelial function, vascular reactivity and gender differences in the cardiovascular system. Cardiovasc. Res. 53(3):597\u2013604, 2002.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"issue":"9470","key":"226_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66459-8","volume":"365","author":"N Sakalihasan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sakalihasan, N., R. Limet, and O. D. Defawe. Abdominal aortic aneurysm. Lancet 365(9470):1577\u20131589, 2005. doi: 10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66459-8 .","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR89","first-page":"e13","volume":"15","author":"S Sattur","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sattur, S., S. Bates, and M. R. Movahed. Prevalence of mitral valve prolapse and associated valvular regurgitations in healthy teenagers undergoing screening echocardiography. Exp. Clin. Cardiol. 15(1):e13\u2013e15, 2010.","journal-title":"Exp. Clin. Cardiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"226_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(83)90704-4","volume":"106","author":"DD Savage","year":"1983","unstructured":"Savage, D. D., R. J. Garrison, R. B. Devereux, W. P. Castelli, S. J. Anderson, D. Levy, et al. Mitral valve prolapse in the general population. 1. Epidemiologic features: the Framingham Study. Am. Heart J. 106(3):571\u2013576, 1983.","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"issue":"18","key":"226_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.805911","volume":"118","author":"FJ Schoen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schoen, F. J. Evolving concepts of cardiac valve dynamics: the continuum of development, functional structure, pathobiology, and tissue engineering. Circulation 118(18):1864\u20131880, 2008. doi: 10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.805911 .","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"226_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.16.3.471","volume":"16","author":"PJ Schreiner","year":"1996","unstructured":"Schreiner, P. J., G. Heiss, H. A. Tyroler, J. D. Morrisett, C. E. Davis, and R. Smith. Race and gender differences in the association of Lp(a) with carotid artery wall thickness\u2014the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 16(3):471\u2013478, 1996.","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.30871","volume":"80","author":"TL Sellaro","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sellaro, T. L., D. Hildebrand, Q. Lu, N. Vyavahare, M. Scott, and M. S. Sacks. Effects of collagen fiber orientation on the response of biologically derived soft tissue biomaterials to cyclic loading. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 80(1):194\u2013205, 2007. doi: 10.1002\/jbm.a.30871 .","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A"},{"issue":"2","key":"226_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2010.06.004","volume":"56","author":"PM Shah","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shah, P. M. Current concepts in mitral valve prolapse-diagnosis and management. J. Cardiol. 56(2):125\u2013133, 2010. doi: 10.1016\/j.jjcc.2010.06.004 .","journal-title":"J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"3 Suppl","key":"226_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.01.072","volume":"47","author":"LJ Shaw","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shaw, L. J., C. N. Bairey Merz, C. J. Pepine, S. E. Reis, V. Bittner, S. F. Kelsey, et al. Insights from the NHLBI-Sponsored Women\u2019s Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) Study: Part I: gender differences in traditional and novel risk factors, symptom evaluation, and gender-optimized diagnostic strategies. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 47(3 Suppl):S4\u2013S20, 2006. doi: 10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.01.072 .","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"226_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/154.3.236","volume":"154","author":"K Singh","year":"2001","unstructured":"Singh, K., K. H. Bonaa, B. K. Jacobsen, L. Bjork, and S. Solberg. Prevalence of and risk factors for abdominal aortic aneurysms in a population-based study: the Tromso Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 154(3):236\u2013244, 2001.","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"226_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)00645-1","volume":"85","author":"RG Singh","year":"2000","unstructured":"Singh, R. G., R. Cappucci, R. Kramer-Fox, M. J. Roman, P. Kligfield, J. S. Borer, et al. Severe mitral regurgitation due to mitral valve prolapse: risk factors for development, progression, and need for mitral valve surgery. Am. J. Cardiol. 85(2):193\u2013198, 2000. doi: 10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)00645-1 .","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"226_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H469","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00723.2004","volume":"288","author":"M Skavdahl","year":"2005","unstructured":"Skavdahl, M., C. Steenbergen, J. Clark, P. Myers, T. Demianenko, L. Mao, et al. Estrogen receptor-beta mediates male-female differences in the development of pressure overload hypertrophy. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 288(2):H469\u2013H476, 2005. doi: 10.1152\/ajpheart.00723.2004 .","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"226_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(00)00486-X","volume":"154","author":"E Stensland-Bugge","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stensland-Bugge, E., K. H. Bonaa, and O. Joakimsen. Age and sex differences in the relationship between inherited and lifestyle risk factors and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis: the Tromso study. Atherosclerosis 154(2):437\u2013448, 2001. doi: 10.1016\/S0021-9150(00)00486-X .","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"2","key":"226_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.105910","volume":"183","author":"JM Storment","year":"2000","unstructured":"Storment, J. M., M. Meyer, and G. Osol. Estrogen augments the vasodilatory effects of vascular endothelial growth factor in the uterine circulation of the rat. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 183(2):449\u2013453, 2000. doi: 10.1067\/mob.2000.105910 .","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"21","key":"226_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2009.09.052","volume":"583","author":"E Straface","year":"2009","unstructured":"Straface, E., R. Vona, L. Gambardella, B. Ascione, M. Marino, P. Bulzomi, et al. Cell sex determines anoikis resistance in vascular smooth muscle cells. FEBS Lett. 583(21):3448\u20133454, 2009. doi: 10.1016\/j.febslet.2009.09.052 .","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1500065","volume":"150","author":"J Svartberg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Svartberg, J., D. von Muhlen, H. Schirmer, E. Barrett-Connor, J. Sundfjord, and R. Jorde. Association of endogenous testosterone with blood pressure and left ventricular mass in men. The Tromso Study. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 150(1):65\u201371, 2004.","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"2","key":"226_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.33.2.676","volume":"33","author":"T Tamura","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tamura, T., S. Said, and A. M. Gerdes. Gender-related differences in myocyte remodeling in progression to heart failure. Hypertension 33(2):676\u2013680, 1999.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"2","key":"226_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2009.09.023","volume":"65","author":"YY Tan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tan, Y. Y., G. C. Gast, and Y. T. van der Schouw. Gender differences in risk factors for coronary heart disease. Maturitas. 65(2):149\u2013160, 2010. doi: 10.1016\/j.maturitas.2009.09.023 .","journal-title":"Maturitas."},{"issue":"11","key":"226_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2320","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)39713-3","volume":"36","author":"RK Tangirala","year":"1995","unstructured":"Tangirala, R. K., E. M. Rubin, and W. Palinski. Quantitation of atherosclerosis in murine models: correlation between lesions in the aortic origin and in the entire aorta, and differences in the extent of lesions between sexes in LDL receptor-deficient and apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. J. Lipid Res. 36(11):2320\u20132328, 1995.","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"226_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.050711","volume":"20","author":"LB Tanko","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tanko, L. B., C. Christiansen, D. A. Cox, M. J. Geiger, M. A. McNabb, and S. R. Cummings. Relationship between osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women. J. Bone Miner. Res. 20(11):1912\u20131920, 2005. doi: 10.1359\/JBMR.050711 .","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"226_CR107","first-page":"391","volume":"22","author":"D Tayal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tayal, D., B. Goswami, B. C. Koner, and V. Mallika. Role of homocysteine and lipoprotein (A) in atherosclerosis: an update. Biomed. Res. India 22(4):391\u2013405, 2011.","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. India"},{"issue":"4","key":"226_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-004-0696-7","volume":"122","author":"RM Touyz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Touyz, R. M., and E. L. Schiffrin. Reactive oxygen species in vascular biology: implications in hypertension. Histochem. Cell Biol. 122(4):339\u2013352, 2004. doi: 10.1007\/s00418-004-0696-7 .","journal-title":"Histochem. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"7","key":"226_CR109","first-page":"1198","volume":"73","author":"GR Upchurch Jr","year":"2006","unstructured":"Upchurch, Jr, G. R., and T. A. Schaub. Abdominal aortic aneurysm. Am. Fam. Phys. 73(7):1198\u20131204, 2006.","journal-title":"Am. Fam. Phys."},{"issue":"10","key":"226_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1161\/hc1002.105133","volume":"105","author":"V Vaccarino","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vaccarino, V., J. L. Abramson, E. Veledar, and W. S. Weintraub. Sex differences in hospital mortality after coronary artery bypass surgery: evidence for a higher mortality in younger women. Circulation 105(10):1176\u20131181, 2002.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"226_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000130467.65290.d4","volume":"24","author":"A Villablanca","year":"2004","unstructured":"Villablanca, A., D. Lubahn, L. Shelby, K. Lloyd, and S. Barthold. Susceptibility to early atherosclerosis in male mice is mediated by estrogen receptor alpha. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 24(6):1055\u20131061, 2004. doi: 10.1161\/01.ATV.0000130467.65290.d4 .","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"226_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-009-9103-z","volume":"2","author":"AC Villablanca","year":"2009","unstructured":"Villablanca, A. C., A. Tenwolde, M. Lee, M. Huck, S. Mumenthaler, and J. C. Rutledge. 17beta-estradiol prevents early-stage atherosclerosis in estrogen receptor-alpha deficient female mice. J. Cardiovasc. Transl. Res. 2(3):289\u2013299, 2009. doi: 10.1007\/s12265-009-9103-z .","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Transl. Res."},{"issue":"19","key":"226_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.19.2258","volume":"101","author":"A Virdis","year":"2000","unstructured":"Virdis, A., L. Ghiadoni, S. Pinto, M. Lombardo, F. Petraglia, A. Gennazzani, et al. Mechanisms responsible for endothelial dysfunction associated with acute estrogen deprivation in normotensive women. Circulation 101(19):2258\u20132263, 2000.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"226_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2009.105","volume":"6","author":"C Vitale","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vitale, C., M. E. Mendelsohn, and G. M. Rosano. Gender differences in the cardiovascular effect of sex hormones. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 6(8):532\u2013542, 2009. doi: 10.1038\/nrcardio.2009.105 .","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"226_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.2174\/157489009789152249","volume":"4","author":"R Wake","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wake, R., and M. Yoshiyama. Gender differences in ischemic heart disease. Recent Pat. Cardiovasc. Drug Discov. 4(3):234\u2013240, 2009.","journal-title":"Recent Pat. Cardiovasc. Drug Discov."},{"issue":"7","key":"226_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-2339","volume":"34","author":"C Wang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang, C., G. Jackson, T. H. Jones, A. M. Matsumoto, A. Nehra, M. A. Perelman, et al. Low testosterone associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome contributes to sexual dysfunction and cardiovascular disease risk in men with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 34(7):1669\u20131675, 2011. doi: 10.2337\/dc10-2339 .","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"226_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1186\/CVM-2-3-118","volume":"2","author":"GF Watts","year":"2001","unstructured":"Watts, G. F. Treating patients with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: choices, issues and opportunities. Curr. Control Trials Cardiovasc. Med. 2(3):118\u2013122, 2001.","journal-title":"Curr. Control Trials Cardiovasc. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"226_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.78.1.10","volume":"78","author":"DE Wilcken","year":"1988","unstructured":"Wilcken, D. E., and A. J. Hickey. Lifetime risk for patients with mitral valve prolapse of developing severe valve regurgitation requiring surgery. Circulation 78(1):10\u201314, 1988.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"7","key":"226_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90184-8","volume":"24","author":"JK Williams","year":"1994","unstructured":"Williams, J. K., E. K. Honore, S. A. Washburn, and T. B. Clarkson. Effects of hormone replacement therapy on reactivity of atherosclerotic coronary arteries in cynomolgus monkeys. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 24(7):1757\u20131761, 1994.","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"226_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Writing Group M, D. Lloyd-Jones, R. J. Adams, T. M. Brown, M. Carnethon, S. Dai, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2010 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 121(7):e46\u2013e215, 2010. doi: 10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192667 .","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192667"},{"issue":"6","key":"226_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.108.182394","volume":"29","author":"CY Yip","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yip, C. Y., J. H. Chen, R. Zhao, and C. A. Simmons. Calcification by valve interstitial cells is regulated by the stiffness of the extracellular matrix. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 29(6):936\u2013942, 2009. doi: 10.1161\/ATVBAHA.108.182394 .","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."}],"container-title":["Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13239-015-0226-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13239-015-0226-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13239-015-0226-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]],"date-time":"2023-08-09T19:33:55Z","timestamp":1691609635000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13239-015-0226-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,25]]},"references-count":121,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]}},"alternative-id":["226"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13239-015-0226-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1869-408X","1869-4098"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1869-408X","type":"print"},{"value":"1869-4098","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,25]]}}}