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Repeat sequences, nucleotide diversity, and selective pressure between\n                      <jats:italic>V. inamoenum<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n                      . sp. were analyzed using 12 previously reported\n                      <jats:italic>Vincetoxicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      species. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to determine the phylogenetic position and divergence time.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The chloroplast genomes of\n                      <jats:italic>V. inamoenum<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n                      . sp. were 160,787 and 160,849\u00a0base pairs long, respectively. Highly variable regions were identified between the two\n                      <jats:italic>Vincetoxicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      species (\n                      <jats:italic>accD-psaI<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and among the 14\n                      <jats:italic>Vincetoxicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      species (\n                      <jats:italic>trnH-psbA<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). The\n                      <jats:italic>psaI<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>rpl33<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>ycf2<\/jats:italic>\n                      genes exhibited positive selection. The phylogenetic tree showed that\n                      <jats:italic>V. inamoenum<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n                      . sp. formed a sister group and reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships within\n                      <jats:italic>Vincetoxicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Divergence time estimation indicated that\n                      <jats:italic>V. inamoenum<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>V.<\/jats:italic>\n                      sp. diverged approximately 1.182\u00a0million years ago (95% Highest Posterior Density: 0.181\u20132.751).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Distinct genetic differences and divergence time indicate that\n                      <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n                      . sp. is a putative new species and provide a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of the genomic diversity and phylogenetic insight into\n                      <jats:italic>Vincetoxicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13258-026-01808-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T13:02:22Z","timestamp":1790600542000},"page":"1433-1451","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Complete chloroplast-based analysis reveals the emergence of candidate new species and revised divergence time in Vincetoxicum"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Bumjin","family":"Jang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byung Jun","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun Ji","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumin","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeseul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thi Tuyen","family":"Cu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo-Mi","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9341-3108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inkyu","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1808_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2019.04.010","volume":"112","author":"MF Abdullah","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abdullah MF, Shahzadi I, Waseem S, Mirza B, Ahmed I, Waheed MT (2020) Chloroplast genome of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (Malvaceae): comparative analyses and identification of mutational hotspots. 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