{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T17:49:55Z","timestamp":1784224195581,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]],"date-time":"2018-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540857600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]],"date-time":"2018-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-018-0525-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]],"date-time":"2018-10-30T15:20:00Z","timestamp":1540912800000},"page":"2357-2368","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Insulin Injection Technique in China Compared with the Rest of the World"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Zhenqiang","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linong","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence J.","family":"Hirsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1031-0067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth W.","family":"Strauss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"525_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2014.01.002","volume":"104","author":"H Zuo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zuo H, Shi Z, Hussain A. Prevalence, trends and risk factors for the\u00a0diabetes\u00a0epidemic in\u00a0China: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014;104(1):63\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diabres.2014.01.002 (Epub 2014 Jan 8).","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"525_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2012.05.010","volume":"98","author":"H Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li H, Oldenburg B, Chamberlain C, O\u2019Neil A, Xue B, Jolley D, Hall R, Dong Z, Guo Y. Diabetes\u00a0prevalence\u00a0and determinants in adults in\u00a0China\u00a0mainland from 2000 to 2010: a systematic review. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2012;98(2):226\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diabres.2012.05.010 (Epub 2012 Jun 1).","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"24","key":"525_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2515","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.7596","volume":"317","author":"L Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang L, Gao P, Zhang M, et al. Prevalence\u00a0and ethnic pattern of\u00a0diabetes\u00a0and prediabetes in\u00a0China\u00a0in 2013. JAMA. 2017;317(24):2515\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2017.7596.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"525_CR4","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.worldometers.info\/world-population\/china-population\/. Accessed 16 June 2018."},{"key":"525_CR5","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation. Diabetes Atlas.\u00a07th ed. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation; 2015. http:\/\/www.diabetesatlas.org\/. Accessed 16 May 2018."},{"issue":"2","key":"525_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2013.11.002","volume":"103","author":"L Guariguata","year":"2014","unstructured":"Guariguata L, Whiting DR, Hambleton I, Beagley J, Linnenkamp U, Shaw JE. Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014;103(2):137\u201349.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"525_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2016.04.010","volume":"42","author":"W Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang W, et al. Skin and subcutaneous tissue thickness at insulin injection sites in Chinese diabetes patients: clinical implications. Diabetes Metab. 2016;42:374\u20137.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"key":"525_CR8","first-page":"1087","volume":"30","author":"J Jiajia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jiajia J, Qingqing L. Insulin pen injection technique survey in patients with type 2 diabetes in mainland China in 2010. CMRO. 2014;30:1087\u201393.","journal-title":"CMRO"},{"issue":"2","key":"525_CR9","first-page":"79","volume":"9","author":"L Ji","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ji L, Guo X, Huang J, et al. Chinese guideline for diabetic injection technology. Chin J Diabetes Mellitus. 2017;9(2):79\u2013105.","journal-title":"Chin J Diabetes Mellitus."},{"issue":"1","key":"525_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2016.0334","volume":"19","author":"L Ji","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ji L, Sun Z, Li Q, Qin G, Wei Z, Liu J, Chandran AB, Hirsch LJ. Lipohypertrophy\u00a0in\u00a0China: prevalence, risk factors, insulin consumption, and clinical impact. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2017;19(1):61\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/dia.2016.0334.","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther."},{"issue":"9","key":"525_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2016.06.011","volume":"91","author":"Anders H. Frid","year":"2016","unstructured":"Frid AH, et al. Worldwide injection technique questionnaire study: population parameters and injection practices. Mayo Clin Proc. 2018;91(9):1212\u20131223. Open Access at: http:\/\/www.mayoclinicproceedings.org\/article\/S0025-6196(16)30322-6\/fulltext. Accessed 12 May 2018.","journal-title":"Mayo Clinic Proceedings"},{"issue":"9","key":"525_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2016.06.012","volume":"91","author":"Anders H. Frid","year":"2016","unstructured":"Frid AH, et al. Worldwide injection technique questionnaire study: injecting complications and role of the professional. Mayo Clin Proc. 2018;91(9):1224\u20131230. Open Access at: http:\/\/www.mayoclinicproceedings.org\/article\/S0025-6196(16)30326-3\/fulltext. Accessed 12 May 2018.","journal-title":"Mayo Clinic Proceedings"},{"issue":"3","key":"525_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-017-0243-x","volume":"8","author":"S Kalra","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kalra S, Mithal A, Sahay R, et al. Indian injection technique study: population characteristics and injection practices. Diabetes Ther. 2017;8(3):637\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13300-017-0243-x (Epub 2017 Mar 13).","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther."},{"key":"525_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gentile S et al. Springerplus. A suitable palpation technique allows to identify skin lipohypertrophic lesions in insulin-treated people with diabetes. 2016;5:563. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40064-016-1978-y (eCollection 2016).","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-016-1978-y"},{"key":"525_CR15","unstructured":"ITQ survey data. Tableau Public Adam Young\u2019s Profile website: http:\/\/tabsoft.co\/23V6ofi. Accessed 12 May 2018."},{"issue":"1","key":"525_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2016.0334","volume":"19","author":"L Ji","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ji L, Sun Z, Li Q, Qin G, Wei Z, Liu J, Chandran AB, Hirsch LJ. Lipohypertrophy\u00a0in\u00a0China: prevalence, risk factors, insulin consumption, and clinical impact. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2017;19(1):61\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/dia.2016.0334.","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther."},{"issue":"9","key":"525_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-0610","volume":"39","author":"Susanne Famulla","year":"2016","unstructured":"Famulla S, H\u00f6velmann U, Fische A, et al. Insulin injection into lipohypertrophic tissue: blunted and more variable insulin absorption and action and impaired postprandial glucose control. Diabetes Care. 2016;39:1486\u201392.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc16-0610.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"525_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.04.023","volume":"12","author":"Sandro Gentile","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gentile S,\u00a0Strollo F,\u00a0Della Corte T,\u00a0Marino G, Guarino G. Insulin\u00a0related\u00a0lipodystrophic\u00a0lesions\u00a0and\u00a0hypoglycemia:\u00a0double\u00a0standards? Diabetes Metab Syndr.\u00a02018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.04.023.","journal-title":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews"},{"key":"525_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2018.02.005","volume":"138","author":"S. Gentile","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gentile S, Strollo F, Corte TD, Marino G, Guarino G, Italian Study Group on Injection Techniques. Skin\u00a0complications\u00a0of\u00a0insulin\u00a0injections: A\u00a0case\u00a0presentation\u00a0and a\u00a0possible\u00a0explanation\u00a0of\u00a0hypoglycaemia. Diabetes Res Clin Pract.\u00a02018;138:284\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diabres.2018.02.005 (Epub 2018 Feb 8).","journal-title":"Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice"},{"key":"525_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gentile S, Guarino G, Giancaterini A, Guida P, Strollo F, AMD-OSDI Italian Injection Technique Study Group. A suitable palpation technique allows to identify skin lipohypertrophic lesions in insulin-treated people with diabetes. Springerplus. 2016;5:563. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40064-016-1978-y (eCollection 2016).","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-016-1978-y"},{"key":"525_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00065","DOI":"10.15406\/jdmdc.2016.03.00065","volume":"3","author":"S Gentile","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gentile S, Strollo F, Guarino G, Giancaterini A, Ames PRJ, Speese K, Guida P, Strauss K, on behalf of the AMDOSDI Italian Injection Technique Study Group. Factors hindering correct identification of unapparent lipohypertrophy. J Diab Metab Dis Contr. 2016;3:00065. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15406\/jdmdc.2016.03.00065.","journal-title":"J Diab Metab Dis Contr"},{"issue":"1","key":"525_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.13.1.74","volume":"13","author":"A Vaag","year":"1990","unstructured":"Vaag A, et al. Variation in absorption of NPH insulin due to Intramuscular injection. Diabetes Care. 1990;13(1):74\u20136.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"525_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2016.06.010","volume":"91","author":"Anders H. Frid","year":"2016","unstructured":"Frid AH, et al. New insulin delivery recommendations. Mayo Clin Proc. 2018;91(9):1231\u20131255. Open Access at: http:\/\/www.mayoclinicproceedings.org\/article\/S0025-6196(16)30321-4\/fulltext. Accessed 12 May 2018.","journal-title":"Mayo Clinic Proceedings"},{"issue":"6","key":"525_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2010.481203","volume":"26","author":"MA Gibney","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gibney MA, Arce CH, Byron KJ, Hirsch LJ. Skin and subcutaneous adipose layer thickness in adults with diabetes at sites used for insulin injections: implications for needle length recommendations. Curr Med Res Opin. 2010;26(6):1519\u201330.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"525_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2010.482499","volume":"26","author":"L Hirsch","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hirsch L, Klaff L, Bailey T, Gibney M, Albanese J, Qu S, Kassler-Taub K. Comparative glycemic control, safety and patient ratings for a new 4\u00a0mm\\32G insulin pen needle in adults with diabetes. Curr Med Res Opin. 2010;26:1531\u201341.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin."},{"issue":"5","key":"525_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2016.04.010","volume":"42","author":"W Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang W, Guo X, Shen G, et al. Skin and subcutaneous tissue thickness at insulin injection sites in Chinese diabetes patients: clinical implications. Diabetes Metab. 2016;42(5):374\u20137.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"525_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.117249","volume":"17","author":"SM Jain","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jain SM, Pandey K, Lahoti A, Rao PK. Evaluation of\u00a0skin\u00a0and subcutaneous tissue\u00a0thickness\u00a0at insulin injection sites in Indian, insulin na\u00efve, type-2 diabetic adult population. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2013;17(5):864\u201370.","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"525_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.15605\/jafes.029.01.04","volume":"29","author":"I Catambing","year":"2014","unstructured":"Catambing I, Villa M. Ultrasonographic measurement of skin and subcutaneous thickness at insulin injection sites among adult filipinos with diabetes. J ASEAN Feder Endocr Soc. 2014;29(1):24\u201332.","journal-title":"J ASEAN Feder Endocr Soc."},{"issue":"2","key":"525_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2014.38.2.120","volume":"38","author":"KH Sim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sim KH, Hwang MS, Kim SY, Lee HM, Chang JY, Lee MK. The appropriateness of the length of insulin needles based on determination of skin and subcutaneous fat thickness in the abdomen and upper arm in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab J. 2014;38(2):120\u201333.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab J."},{"issue":"3","key":"525_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.7196\/SAJCH.687","volume":"8","author":"K Marran","year":"2014","unstructured":"Marran K, Segal D. SKINNY\u2014skin thickness and needles in the young. S Afr J CH. 2014;8(3):92\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7196\/SAJCH.687.","journal-title":"S Afr J CH."},{"issue":"7","key":"525_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2012.00865.x","volume":"13","author":"D Lo Presti","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lo Presti D, Ingegnosi C, Strauss K. Skin and subcutaneous thickness at injecting sites in children with diabetes: ultrasound findings and recommendations for giving injection. Pediatr Diabetes. 2012;13(7):525\u201333.","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes."},{"issue":"12","key":"525_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2014.0111","volume":"16","author":"L Hirsch","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hirsch L, Byron K, Gibney M. Intramuscular risk at insulin injection sites-measurement of the distance from skin to muscle and rationale for shorter-length needles for subcutaneous insulin therapy. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2014;16(12):867\u201373.","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther."},{"key":"525_CR33","first-page":"A117","volume":"58","author":"G Kreugel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kreugel G, Keers JC, Jongbloed A, Verweij-Gjaltema AH, Wolffenbuttel BHR. The influence of needle length on glycemic control and patient preference in obese diabetic patients. Diabetes. 2009;58:A117.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"525_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2010.482499","volume":"26","author":"L Hirsch","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hirsch L, Klaff L, Bailey T, et al. Comparative glycemic control, safety and patient ratings for a new 4\u00a0mm\u2009\u00d7\u200932G insulin pen needle in adults with diabetes. Curr Med Res Opin. 2010;26(6):1531\u201341.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"10","key":"525_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2004.10.007","volume":"26","author":"S Schwartz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schwartz S, Hassman D, Shelmet J, et al. A multicenter, open-label, randomized, two-period crossover trial comparing glycemic control, satisfaction, and preference achieved with a 31 gauge \u00d7 6\u00a0mm needle versus a 29 gauge \u00d7 12.7\u00a0mm needle in obese patients with diabetes mellitus. Clin Ther. 2004;26(10):1663\u201378.","journal-title":"Clin Ther."},{"issue":"5","key":"525_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1002\/pdi.1960160512","volume":"16","author":"SA Ross","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ross SA, Jamal R, Leiter LA, et al. Evaluation of 8\u00a0mm insulin pen needles in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Pract Diabetes Int. 1999;16(5):145\u20138.","journal-title":"Pract Diabetes Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"525_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1002\/pdi.1960160711","volume":"16","author":"K Strauss","year":"1999","unstructured":"Strauss K, Hannet I, McGonigle J, et al. Ultra-short (5\u00a0mm) insulin needles: trial results and clinical recommendations. Pract Diabetes Int. 1999;16(7):218\u201321.","journal-title":"Pract Diabetes Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"525_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2011.0010","volume":"13","author":"G Kreugel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kreugel G, Keers JC, Kerstens MN, Wolffenbuttel BH. Randomized trial on the influence of the length of two insulin pen needles on glycemic control and patient preference in obese patients with diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2011;13(7):737\u201341.","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"525_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2008.0027","volume":"11","author":"M Iwanaga","year":"2009","unstructured":"Iwanaga M, Kamoi K. Patient perceptions of injection pain and anxiety: a comparison of NovoFine 32-gauge tip 6\u00a0mm and Micro Fine Plus 31-gauge 5\u00a0mm needles. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2009;11(2):81\u20136.","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther."},{"issue":"3","key":"525_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2008.0054","volume":"11","author":"M McKay","year":"2009","unstructured":"McKay M, Compion G, Lytzen L. A comparison of insulin injection needles on patients\u2019 perceptions of pain, handling, and acceptability: a randomized, open-label, crossover study in subjects with diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2009;11(3):195\u2013201.","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther."},{"issue":"7","key":"525_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2012.0334","volume":"15","author":"Y Nagai","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nagai Y, Ohshige T, Arai K, Kobayashi H, Sada Y, Ohmori S. Comparison between shorter straight and thinner microtapered insulin injection needles. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2013;15(7):550\u20135.","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"525_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12035","volume":"4","author":"T Hirose","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hirose T, Ogihara T, Tozaka S, Kanderian S, Watada H. Identification and comparison of insulin pharmacokinetics injected with a new 4-mm needle vs 6- and 8-mm needles accounting for endogenous insulin and C-peptide secretion kinetics in non-diabetic adult males. J Diabetes Investig. 2013;4(3):287\u201396.","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig"},{"issue":"3","key":"525_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-0407.2010.00077.x","volume":"2","author":"C De Coninck","year":"2010","unstructured":"De Coninck C, Frid A, Gaspar R, et al. Results and analysis of the 2008\u20132009 insulin injection technique questionnaire survey. J Diabetes. 2010;2(3):168\u201379.","journal-title":"J Diabetes."},{"key":"525_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2006.12.023","volume":"77","author":"B Vardar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vardar B, Kizilci S. Incidence of lipohypertrophy in diabetic patients and a study of influencing factors. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2007;77:231\u20136.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"525_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/pdi.1960150108","volume":"15","author":"L Saez-de Ibarra","year":"1998","unstructured":"Saez-de Ibarra L, Gallego F. Factors related to lipohypertrophy in insulin-treated diabetic patients; role of educational intervention. Pract Diab Int. 1998;15:9\u201311.","journal-title":"Pract Diab Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"525_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2013.05.006","volume":"39","author":"M Blanco","year":"2013","unstructured":"Blanco M, Hern\u00e1ndez MT, Strauss KW, Amaya M. Prevalence and risk factors of lipohypertrophy in insulin-injecting patients with diabetes. Diabetes Metab. 2013;39(5):445\u201353.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"525_CR47","first-page":"A57","volume":"17","author":"L Hirsch","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hirsch L, Ji L, Sun Z, Li Q, et al. Lipohypertrophy\u2014prevalence, risk factors and clinical characteristics of insulin-requiring patients in China. DTT. 2015;17(Suppl 1):A57\u20138.","journal-title":"DTT"},{"key":"525_CR48","first-page":"1","volume":"1","author":"I Misnikova","year":"2011","unstructured":"Misnikova I, Dreval A, Gubkina V, Rusanova E. The risk of repeated use of insulin pen needles in patients with diabetes mellitus. J Diabetol. 2011;1:1\u20135.","journal-title":"J Diabetol"},{"key":"525_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.01.020","volume":"126","author":"M Smith","year":"2017","unstructured":"Smith M, Clapham L, Strauss K. UK lipohypertrophy intervention study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2017;126:248\u201353.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"525_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grassi G, Scuntero P, Trepiccioni R, et al. Optimizing insulin injection technique and its effect on blood glucose control. J Clin Transl Endocrinol. 2014;1:145\u2013150. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/). Accessed 12 May 2018.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcte.2014.07.006"},{"key":"525_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2017.0165","volume":"19","author":"C Campinos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Campinos C, et al. An effective intervention for diabetic lipohypertrophy: results of a randomised, controlled, prospective, multicentre study in France. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2017;19:623\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/dia.2017.0165 (Epub 2017 Oct 23).","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"525_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-017-0315-y","volume":"8","author":"I Misnikova","year":"2017","unstructured":"Misnikova I, Gubkina V, Lakeeva T, Dreval A. A randomized controlled trial to assess the impact of proper insulin injection technique training on glycemic control. Diabetes Ther. 2017;8(6):1309\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13300-017-0315-y (Epub 2017 Oct 13).","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther."},{"issue":"3","key":"525_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-017-0244-9","volume":"8","author":"S Kalra","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kalra S, Mithal A, Sahay R, et al. Indian injection technique study: injecting complications, education, and the health care professional. Diabetes Ther. 2017;8(3):659\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13300-017-0244-9 (Epub 2017 Mar 13).","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-018-0538-6","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,19]],"date-time":"2018-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542585600000}}],"container-title":["Diabetes Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13300-018-0525-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13300-018-0525-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13300-018-0525-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T11:24:05Z","timestamp":1724412245000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13300-018-0525-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["525"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13300-018-0525-y","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1007\/s13300-018-0538-6","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1869-6953","1869-6961"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1869-6953","type":"print"},{"value":"1869-6961","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 October 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 October 2018","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 November 2018","order":3,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":4,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The original article can be found online.","order":5,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}