{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:17:44Z","timestamp":1787318264048,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-026-01874-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T10:24:08Z","timestamp":1779186248000},"page":"985-996","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Morbidity and Mortality Rates in People with Diabetes Mellitus With an Active Charcot's Neuro-Osteoarthropathy: A 15-Year Single-Center Retrospective Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Dipen","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Gooday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Nunney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3619-9579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ketan","family":"Dhatariya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"1874_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2000.00233.x","volume":"17","author":"W Jeffcoate","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jeffcoate W, Lima J, Nobrega L. The Charcot foot. Diabet Med. 2000;17(4):253\u20138.","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"1874_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-2508","volume":"45","author":"W Jeffcoate","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jeffcoate W, Game F. The Charcot foot reflects a response to injury that is critically distorted by preexisting nerve damage: an imperfect storm. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(7):1691\u20137.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"1874_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1428","volume":"33","author":"J van Baal","year":"2010","unstructured":"van Baal J, Hubbard R, Game F, Jeffcoate W. Mortality associated with acute Charcot foot and neuropathic foot ulceration. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(5):1086\u20139.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"1874_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2022.08.004","volume":"28","author":"K Yammine","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yammine K, Boulos K, Assi C, Hayek F. Amputation and mortality frequencies associated with diabetic Charcot foot arthropathy: a meta-analysis. Foot Ankle Surg. 2022;28(8):1170\u20136.","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"1874_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-1695","volume":"32","author":"MW Sohn","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sohn MW, Lee TA, Stuck RM, Frykberg RG, Budiman-Mak E. Mortality risk of Charcot arthropathy compared with that of diabetic foot ulcer and diabetes alone. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(5):816\u201321.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"1874_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2005.01677.x","volume":"22","author":"E Chantelau","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chantelau E. The perils of procrastination: effects of early vs. delayed detection and treatment of incipient Charcot fracture. Diabet Med. 2005;22(12):1707\u201312.","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1874_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2010.03141.x","volume":"28","author":"DK Wukich","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wukich DK, Sung W, Wipf SA, Armstrong DG. The consequences of complacency: managing the effects of unrecognized Charcot feet. Diabet Med. 2011;28(2):195\u20138.","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"1874_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199072050-00016","volume":"72","author":"T Shibata","year":"1990","unstructured":"Shibata T, Tada K, Hashizume C. The results of arthrodesis of the ankle for leprotic neuroarthropathy. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1990;72(5):749\u201356.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"S1","key":"1874_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S59","DOI":"10.1002\/1520-7560(200009\/10)16:1+<::AID-DMRR134>3.0.CO;2-N","volume":"16","author":"RG Frykberg","year":"2000","unstructured":"Frykberg RG, Mendeszoon E. Management of the diabetic Charcot foot. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2000;16(S1):S59\u201365.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"1874_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.5.1235-a","volume":"27","author":"NL Petrova","year":"2004","unstructured":"Petrova NL, Foster AV, Edmonds ME. Difference in presentation of Charcot osteoarthropathy in type 1 compared with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(5):1235\u20136.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"1874_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2354-7","volume":"55","author":"FL Game","year":"2012","unstructured":"Game FL, Catlow R, Jones GR, Edmonds ME, Jude EB, Rayman G, et al. Audit of acute Charcot\u2019s disease in the UK: the CDUK study. Diabetologia. 2012;55(1):32\u20135.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"3","key":"1874_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2015.07.003","volume":"22","author":"C Stark","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stark C, Murray T, Gooday C, Nunney I, Hutchinson R, Loveday D, et al. 5-year retrospective follow-up of new cases of Charcot neuroarthropathy\u2014a single centre experience. Foot Ankle Surg. 2016;22(3):176\u201380.","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"1874_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-2210","volume":"41","author":"EJ Boyko","year":"2018","unstructured":"Boyko EJ, Seelig AD, Ahroni JH. Limb- and person-level risk factors for lower-limb amputation in the prospective Seattle Diabetic Foot Study. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(4):891.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"1874_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1177\/1938640015599036","volume":"9","author":"CL Ramanujam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ramanujam CL, Han D, Zgonis T. Lower extremity amputation and mortality rates in the reconstructed diabetic Charcot foot and ankle with external fixation: data analysis of 116 patients. Foot Ankle Spec. 2016;9(2):113\u201326.","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Spec"},{"issue":"12","key":"1874_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-019-01376-9","volume":"56","author":"S Chaudhary","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chaudhary S, Bhansali A, Rastogi A. Mortality in Asian Indians with Charcot\u2019s neuroarthropathy: a nested cohort prospective study. Acta Diabetol. 2019;56(12):1259\u201364.","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol"},{"key":"1874_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.03.029","volume":"129","author":"R Anichini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Anichini R, Policardo L, Lombardo FL, Salutini E, Tedeschi A, Viti S, et al. Hospitalization for Charcot neuroarthropathy in diabetes: a population study in Italy. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2017;129:25\u201331.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"1874_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.3109\/03093648209166776","volume":"6","author":"JS Jensen","year":"1982","unstructured":"Jensen JS, Mandrup-Poulsen T, Krasnik M. Wound healing complications following major amputations of the lower limb. Prosthet Orthot Int. 1982;6(2):105\u20137.","journal-title":"Prosthet Orthot Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"1874_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100716688073","volume":"38","author":"DK Wukich","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wukich DK, Ahn J, Raspovic KM, Gottschalk FA, La Fontaine J, Lavery LA. Comparison of transtibial amputations in diabetic patients with and without end-stage renal disease. Foot Ankle Int. 2017;38(4):388\u201396.","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"1874_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-017-1501-5","volume":"44","author":"F Ye","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ye F, Stalvey C, Khuddus MA, Winchester DE, Toklu HZ, Mazza JJ, et al. A systematic review of mobility\/immobility in thromboembolism risk assessment models for hospitalized patients. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2017;44(1):94\u2013103.","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"issue":"2","key":"1874_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734617707081","volume":"16","author":"KM Raspovic","year":"2017","unstructured":"Raspovic KM, Ahn J, La Fontaine J, Lavery LA, Wukich DK. End-stage renal disease negatively affects physical quality of life in patients with diabetic foot complications. Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2017;16(2):135\u201342.","journal-title":"Int J Low Extrem Wounds"},{"issue":"4","key":"1874_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1177\/15347346241265751","volume":"24","author":"J Ghosh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ghosh J, Arjunan D, Singh R, Bhadada SK, Rastogi A. Chronic kidney disease and Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy of foot in diabetes. Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2025;24(4):807\u201313.","journal-title":"Int J Low Extrem Wounds"},{"issue":"2","key":"1874_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kisu.2017.07.007","volume":"7","author":"AK Bello","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bello AK, Alrukhaimi M, Ashuntantang GE, Basnet S, Rotter RC, Douthat WG, et al. Complications of chronic kidney disease: current state, knowledge gaps, and strategy for action. Kidney Int Suppl. 2017;7(2):122\u20139.","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"issue":"3","key":"1874_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3646","volume":"40","author":"DK Wukich","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wukich DK, Schaper NC, Gooday C, Bal A, Bem R, Chhabra A, et al. Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of active Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy in persons with diabetes mellitus (IWGDF 2023). Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2024;40(3):e3646.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"}],"container-title":["Diabetes Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13300-026-01874-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13300-026-01874-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13300-026-01874-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T09:07:35Z","timestamp":1784624855000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13300-026-01874-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["1874"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13300-026-01874-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1869-6953","1869-6961"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1869-6953","type":"print"},{"value":"1869-6961","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Ketan Dhatariya is an Editorial Board member of Diabetes Therapy. Ketan Dhatariya was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. Ketan Dhatariya has nothing else to disclose. Dipen Patel has nothing to disclose. Catherine Gooday has nothing to disclose. Ian Nunney has nothing to disclose.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of Interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The project was registered with the audit department at our institution. Formal\u00a0ethical\u00a0approval was not required as this was an anonymised retrospective case note analysis. Trust approval for the project was granted using the Health Research Authority tool by\u00a0the audit department and the service director for diabetes and endocrinology.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}