{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T10:55:15Z","timestamp":1786964115299,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719187200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007613","name":"Ankara University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007613","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Updates Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The recommended treatment for early stage thymoma without myasthenia gravis is complete thymectomy (CT). Limited thymectomy (LT) (simply resecting the thymoma with safe surgical margins) is gaining popularity. In this study, we compared the surgical and oncological results of complete and limited thymectomy in non-myasthenic patients with early stage thymoma. Non-myasthenic, Masaoka stage I\u2013II, 86 patients who underwent surgical resection for thymoma were included in the study. Complete thymectomy (n:44) included patients who had resection of the thymoma together with the entire thymus and limited thymectomy (n:42) included patients who had resection of the thymoma without remaining thymus. The surgical approach, tumor size, histological type, pathological stage, adjuvant therapy, complications, postop myasthenia gravis, recurrence and death were recorded and compared between groups. Complete thymectomy group had more WHO type B1-3 tumors, more complications and more deaths than patients in the limited thymectomy group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03, 0.018 and 0.023 respectively). Although statistically not significant CT group had more recurrences than LT group (11.4%\/4.8%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.43). The 10-year freedom from recurrence (FFR) rate in the CT group was 84.8% and in the LT group \u0131t was 97.6%, the difference was not statistically significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.15). None of the factors including surgical extent analysed with univariate and multivariate analysis had a significant effect on FFR. Limited thymectomy may be a good treatment option for non-myasthenic early stage thymoma patients but randomized controlled trials with long follow-up periods, ideally comparing patients operated with minimally invasive surgery are necessary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13304-024-01918-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T11:02:42Z","timestamp":1719226962000},"page":"2541-2547","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Early stage thymoma and the surgical extent paradigm"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5572-264X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00f6khan","family":"Kocaman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2052-1642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayten","family":"Kayi Cangir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"1918_CR1","unstructured":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2023) NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: thymomas and thymic carcinomas; Version 1.2024. https:\/\/www.nccn.org\/professionals\/physician_gls\/pdf\/thymic.pdf. 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Ann Thorac Surg 101:520\u2013526","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"1918_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2016.03.16","volume":"8","author":"Z Gu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gu Z, Fu J, Shen Y, Wei Y, Tan L, Zhang P et al (2016) Thymectomy versus tumor resection for early-stage thymic malignancies: a Chinese alliance for research in thymomas retrospective database analysis. J Thorac Dis 8:680\u2013686","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"1918_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2016.06.021","volume":"101","author":"KS Narm","year":"2016","unstructured":"Narm KS, Lee CY, Do YW, Jung HS, Byun GE, Lee JG et al (2016) Limited thymectomy as a potential alternative treatment option for early-stage thymoma: a multi-institutional propensity-matched study. 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Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and Informed consent"}}]}}