{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T19:41:00Z","timestamp":1779306060341,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012306","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trieste","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012306","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Updates Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Premedication with Lugol\u2019s solution (LS) has traditionally been used to reduce the vascularization and friability of the thyroid gland before total thyroidectomy in patients with Graves\u2019 disease (GD) and toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG) with thyrotoxicosis and\/or with undetectable serum TSH. However, the effectiveness and applicability of this treatment remain subjects of debate. This study aims to evaluate the surgical and postoperative outcomes in patients premedicated with LS compared to those who were not premedicated. Data from 100 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for GD and TMNG at our center from 2014 to 2024 were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: Lugol+, premedicated with LS (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 57), and Lugol\u2212, not premedicated (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 43). Variables analyzed included thyroid diameter, thyroid weight, operative time, postoperative hemorrhage, hypocalcemia, recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, length of hospital stay, rate of reintervention for hemorrhage, intraoperative thyroid consistency. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups regarding postoperative hemorrhage (1.7% in Group Lugol+ vs. 2.3% in Group Lugol\u2212), operative time (median: 95 vs. 85\u00a0min), immediate postoperative complications such as transient hypoparathyroidism (15.8% vs. 9.3%) and transient recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy (3.5% vs. 2.3%), nor the other variables analyzed. Our data suggest that routine preoperative preparation with LS may not be mandatory. This study supports the thesis that patients with GD and TMNG who cannot be premedicated due to inability to obtain LS, insufficient time for preoperative preparation, or lesser compliance by patient, may still be eligible for surgery.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13304-025-02475-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T17:27:04Z","timestamp":1766165224000},"page":"343-350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Premedication with Lugol\u2019s solution in total thyroidectomy for graves\u2019 disease and toxic multinodular goiter: is it still indicated?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Ciriotto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Bernardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Eramo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Calabr\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Modica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"de Manzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Dobrinja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2475_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-017-1461-8","volume":"58","author":"J Calissendorff","year":"2017","unstructured":"Calissendorff J, Falhammar H (2017) Lugol\u2019s solution and other iodide preparations: perspectives and research directions in graves\u2019 disease. 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Written informed consent has been obtained from the patient(s) to participate in scientific studies, specifically at the time of signing the surgery consent form, which also occurred 16 years ago. Additionally, our hospital had an existing data collection registry (INSIEL G2 Clinico developed by Insiel S.p.A.) even 16 years ago, where in patients consented to participate in scientific studies, allowing the use of their data anonymously.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}