{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:12:53Z","timestamp":1786122773787,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005743","name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005743","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Updates Surg"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Hypoparathyroidism remains the most frequent complication after thyroid surgery and is mainly related to inadvertent parathyroid excision or gland devascularization. Near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) enables real-time identification of parathyroid glands, whereas indocyanine green angiography (ICGa) allows intraoperative assessment of gland perfusion. Their combination may improve parathyroid outcomes. We conducted a retrospective cohort study with propensity score matching including adult patients undergoing primary bilateral thyroid resection between October 2023 and February 2025 at a high-volume endocrine referral centre. During the study period, 3317 thyroid procedures were performed, and 2277 patients met the inclusion criteria and were stratified into conventional naked-eye surgery (NE) and combined NIRAF\/ICGa groups (1956 vs. 321, respectively). The primary endpoint was immediate and permanent hypoparathyroidism. Secondary endpoints included hypocalcaemia, inadvertent parathyroid excision, operative time, and postoperative hospital stay. A subgroup analysis was performed in patients with thyroid malignancy. After matching, immediate hypoparathyroidism was significantly lower in the NIRAF\/ICGa group (35.5% vs. 45.2%;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.016), whereas permanent hypoparathyroidism showed a favourable non-significant reduction (2.2% vs. 4.7%;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.129). Hypocalcaemia rates were similar between groups, while hospital stay was shorter in the NIRAF\/ICGa group (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with comparable operative times. In the matched malignant subgroup, both immediate (38.6% vs. 50.3%;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.045) and permanent hypoparathyroidism (0.7% vs. 5.5%;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.036) were significantly lower in the NIRAF\/ICGa group. Inadvertent parathyroid excision also showed a favourable trend after matching (16.5% vs. 21.8%;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.109). Combined NIRAF\/ICGa was associated with lower immediate hypoparathyroidism overall and lower immediate and permanent hypoparathyroidism in the matched malignant subgroup, without prolonging operative time.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13304-026-02758-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T11:48:39Z","timestamp":1786103319000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of combined near-infrared autofluorescence and indocyanine green angiography with immediate and permanent postoperative hypoparathyroidism after thyroid surgery: a propensity score-matched analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0865-700X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Pennestr\u00ec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Prioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Bersellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Laurino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscilla Francesca","family":"Procopio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierpaolo","family":"Gallucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annamaria","family":"D\u2019Amore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Raffaelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2758_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.70055","volume":"174","author":"MH Cheung","year":"2026","unstructured":"Cheung MH, Nguyen MT, Nguyen SA et al (2026) Fluorescent imaging in thyroid surgery to preserve parathyroid function: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 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Priscilla Francesca Procopio, Francesco Pennestr\u00ec, Antonio Laurino and Pierpaolo Gallucci have a consultant agreement with Medtronic. Francesca Prioli, Francesca Bersellini and Annamaria D\u2019Amore declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Human participants and\/or animals rights","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants for whom identifying information is included in this article.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed consent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}