{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T12:12:48Z","timestamp":1790511168346,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1328,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 104-2410-H-002-225-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 104-2410-H-002-225-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 107-2634-F-010-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 107-2634-F-010-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 107-2634-F-010-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 107-2634-F-010-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["neurotherapeuticsjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurotherapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T16:02:22Z","timestamp":1575475342000},"page":"156-164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Benzodiazepines, z-Hypnotics, and Risk of Dementia: Special Considerations of Half-Lives and Concomitant Use"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Li-Yen","family":"Tseng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih-Tsung","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Ning","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang-Kung","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1660-9120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei-Yuan","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.2.213","article-title":"Comorbidity of chronic insomnia with medical problems","volume":"30","author":"Taylor","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2016.303061","article-title":"Increasing benzodiazepine prescriptions and overdose mortality in the United States, 1996\u20132013","volume":"106","author":"Bachhuber","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.1763","article-title":"Benzodiazepine use in the United States","volume":"72","author":"Olfson","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcgg.2012.12.001","article-title":"Ten-year trend in prescriptions of z-hypnotics among the elderly: a nationwide, cross-sectional study in Taiwan","volume":"4","author":"Hsiao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Gerontology and Geriatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s40268-017-0207-7","article-title":"Benzodiazepines and Z-Drugs: An Updated Review of Major Adverse Outcomes Reported on in Epidemiologic Research","volume":"17","author":"Brandt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drugs in R&D"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.2165\/11533170-000000000-00000","article-title":"The relationship between benzodiazepine use and traffic accidents","volume":"24","author":"Smink","year":"2010","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0174730","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0174730","article-title":"Benzodiazepines, Z-drugs and the risk of hip fracture: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Donnelly","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.16185","article-title":"Association between benzodiazepine use and dementia: data mining of different medical databases","volume":"13","author":"Takada","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"g5205","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g5205","article-title":"Benzodiazepine use and risk of Alzheimer's disease: case-control study","volume":"349","author":"de Gage","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2015.10.006","article-title":"Benzodiazepine, psychotropic medication, and dementia: A population-based cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Shash","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & Dementia: the journal of the Alzheimer's Association"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2014.02.009","article-title":"Dose-responsive effect of psychotropic drug use and subsequent dementia: a nationwide propensity score matched case-control study in Taiwan","volume":"15","author":"Hsiao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shih H-I, Lin C-C, Tu Y-F et al. An increased risk of reversible dementia may occur after zolpidem derivative use in the elderly population: a population-based case-control study. Medicine, 94(17) (2015).","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000809"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0127836","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127836","article-title":"Association between benzodiazepine use and dementia: a meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Zhong","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1159\/000454881","article-title":"Benzodiazepine use and risk of dementia in the elderly population: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Islam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-016-2732-5","article-title":"Multifocal cognitive dysfunction in high-dose benzodiazepine users: a cross-sectional study","volume":"38","author":"Federico","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurological Sciences: official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0000000000000099","article-title":"Benzodiazepine Use and Cognitive Decline in Elderly With Normal Cognition","volume":"30","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2016.04.013","article-title":"Benzodiazepine Use Attenuates Cortical beta-Amyloid and is Not Associated with Progressive Cognitive Decline in Nondemented Elderly Adults: A Pilot Study Using F(18)-Florbetapir Positron Emission Tomography","volume":"24","author":"Chung","year":"2016","journal-title":"The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry: official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1159\/000336710","article-title":"CNS medications as predictors of precipitous cognitive decline in the cognitively disabled aged: a longitudinal population-based study","volume":"2","author":"Puustinen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra"},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-11-70","article-title":"Use of CNS medications and cognitive decline in the aged: a longitudinal population-based study","volume":"11","author":"Puustinen","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Geriatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2456","article-title":"The impact of chronic benzodiazepine use on cognitive evolution in nursing home residents","volume":"30","author":"Bourgeois","year":"2015","journal-title":"Human Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610214000908","article-title":"Benzodiazepine & nonbenzodiazepine prescriptions for Taiwanese elderly with type 2 diabetes contributes to cognitive dysfunction","volume":"26","author":"Lai","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Psychogeriatrics"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181a65210","article-title":"The association between dementia and long-term use of benzodiazepine in the elderly: nested case-control study using claims data","volume":"17","author":"Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry: official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181e049ca","article-title":"Effect of benzodiazepine discontinuation on dementia risk","volume":"19","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry: official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hsiao F-Y, Yang C-L, Huang Y-T, Huang W-F. Using Taiwan's national health insurance research databases for pharmacoepidemiology research. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 15(2) (2007).","DOI":"10.38212\/2224-6614.2426"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-018-0704-9","article-title":"Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Risk of Developing Alzheimer's Disease or Vascular Dementia: A Case-Control Analysis","volume":"41","author":"Imfeld","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Safety"},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferner R. Handbook of drug interactions: a clinical and forensic guide. (Eds) (Wiley Online Library, 2012)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2012.04264.x"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","article-title":"A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation","volume":"40","author":"Charlson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Chronic Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.2131","article-title":"Comparative Associations Between Measures of Anti-cholinergic Burden and Adverse Clinical Outcomes","volume":"15","author":"Hsu","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Annals of Family Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-007-0324-2","article-title":"Potentially inappropriate medications in the elderly: a French consensus panel list","volume":"63","author":"Laroche","year":"2007","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurger.2010.01.007","article-title":"STOPP & START criteria: a new approach to detecting potentially inappropriate prescribing in old age","volume":"1","author":"O'Mahony","year":"2010","journal-title":"European Geriatric Medicine"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib31","first-page":"45 s","article-title":"Benzodiazepines and memory","volume":"18","author":"Roth","year":"1984","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0149-7634(85)90034-X","article-title":"The amnesic action of benzodiazepines in man","volume":"9","author":"Lister","year":"1985","journal-title":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0511(86)90081-5","article-title":"Tranquillising memories: a review of the effects of benzodiazepines on human memory","volume":"23","author":"Curran","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biological Psychology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib34","first-page":"639","article-title":"A systematic review of amnestic and non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment induced by anticholinergic, antihistamine, GABAergic and opioid drugs","volume":"29","author":"Tannenbaum","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drugs & Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-015-0305-4","article-title":"The benzodiazepine\u2013dementia disorders link: current state of knowledge","volume":"30","author":"Pariente","year":"2016","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib36","first-page":"214","article-title":"Benzodiazepine pharmacology and central nervous system\u2013mediated effects","volume":"13","author":"Griffin","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Ochsner Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-013-0294-y","article-title":"In the Zzz zone: the effects of Z-drugs on human performance and driving","volume":"9","author":"Gunja","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Toxicology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-013-0292-0","article-title":"The clinical and forensic toxicology of Z-drugs","volume":"9","author":"Gunja","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Toxicology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2013.137","article-title":"Allosteric Modulation of GABAA Receptor Subtypes: Effects on Visual Recognition and Visuospatial Working Memory in Rhesus Monkeys","volume":"38","author":"Soto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology."},{"issue":"45","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18595","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1204994109","article-title":"Benzodiazepine treatment induces subtype-specific changes in GABAA receptor trafficking and decreases synaptic inhibition","volume":"109","author":"Jacob","year":"2012","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.01746.x","article-title":"Role of protein kinase A in GABAA receptor dysfunction in CA1 pyramidal cells following chronic benzodiazepine treatment","volume":"85","author":"Lilly","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.08.049","article-title":"Chronic Benzodiazepine-induced reduction in GABAA receptor-mediated synaptic currents in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons prevented by prior nimodipine injection","volume":"157","author":"Xiang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1097\/00002093-199803000-00002","article-title":"Benzodiazepines may have protective effects against Alzheimer disease","volume":"12","author":"Fastbom","year":"1998","journal-title":"Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-894X(02)00909-5","article-title":"A new series of potent benzodiazepine \u03b3-secretase inhibitors","volume":"13","author":"Churcher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1210951","article-title":"A phase 3 trial of semagacestat for treatment of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"369","author":"Doody","year":"2013","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2009.24","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of excitotoxicity and their relevance to pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"30","author":"Dong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacologica Sinica"}],"container-title":["Neurotherapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878747923013867?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878747923013867?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T06:59:50Z","timestamp":1761807590000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1878747923013867"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1878747923013867"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1878-7479"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1878-7479","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Benzodiazepines, z-Hypnotics, and Risk of Dementia: Special Considerations of Half-Lives and Concomitant Use","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neurotherapeutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13311-019-00827-z","name":"associatedlink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to the associated document"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2020 The American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, Inc. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}