{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T13:24:06Z","timestamp":1785936246153,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]],"date-time":"2023-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":592,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01CA16105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA16105"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS093416"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS093416"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000890","name":"National Multiple Sclerosis Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000890","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R25GM109441"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R25GM109441"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["neurotherapeuticsjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurotherapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]],"date-time":"2022-01-04T16:19:28Z","timestamp":1641313168000},"page":"274-288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Dendrimer-2PMPA Delays Muscle Function Loss and Denervation in a Murine Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Carolyn","family":"Tallon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anjali","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajit G.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Donoghue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Schulte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tawnjerae R.","family":"Joe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siva P.","family":"Kambhampati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishi","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Liaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujatha","family":"Kannan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rangaramanujam M.","family":"Kannan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9814-4157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara S.","family":"Slusher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1038\/35097565","article-title":"From charcot to lou gehrig: deciphering selective motor neuron death in als","volume":"2","author":"Cleveland","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2018.04.007","article-title":"Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Update for 2018","volume":"93","author":"Oskarsson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199701)20:1<45::AID-MUS6>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"Progressive motor neuron impairment in an animal model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"20","author":"Azzouz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Muscle & Nerve."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2003.10.004","article-title":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a distal axonopathy: evidence in mice and man","volume":"185","author":"Fischer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Experimental Neurology."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2007.07.003","article-title":"Time course of preferential motor unit loss in the SOD1G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"28","author":"Hegedus","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Disease."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.11.018","article-title":"Length-dependent axo-terminal degeneration at the neuromuscular synapses of type II muscle in SOD1 mice","volume":"312","author":"Tallon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroscience."},{"issue":"34","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8783","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1181-16.2016","article-title":"Neuromuscular NMDA Receptors Modulate Developmental Synapse Elimination","volume":"36","author":"Personius","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Robinson MB, Blakely RD, Couto R, Coyle JT. Hydrolysis of the brain dipeptide N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamate. Identification and characterization of a novel N-acetylated alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase activity from rat brain. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1987;262(30):14498\u2013506.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)47823-4"},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Slusher BS, Robinson MB, Tsai G, Simmons ML, Richards SS, Coyle JT. Rat brain N-acetylated alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase activity. Purification and immunologic characterization. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1990;265(34):21297\u2013301.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)45359-2"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2011.07380.x","article-title":"N-acetylaspartylglutamate is an agonist at mGluR3 in vivo and in vitro","volume":"119","author":"Neale","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of neurochemistry."},{"issue":"5965","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/309261a0","article-title":"Voltage-dependent block by Mg2+ of NMDA responses in spinal cord neurones","volume":"309","author":"Mayer","year":"1984","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.01.016","article-title":"Long-term potentiation and the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors","volume":"1621","author":"Volianskis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain research."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(95)92578-8","article-title":"The immunocytochemical localization of N-acetylaspartyl glutamate, its hydrolysing enzyme NAALADase, and the NMDAR-1 receptor at a vertebrate neuromuscular junction","volume":"64","author":"Berger","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuroscience."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1021\/jm950801q","article-title":"Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity of a Potent Inhibitor of the Neuropeptidase N-Acetylated \u03b1-Linked Acidic Dipeptidase","volume":"39","author":"Jackson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Medicinal Chemistry."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1903","article-title":"NAAG peptidase inhibitors and their potential for diagnosis and therapy","volume":"4","author":"Zhou","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Drug Discovery."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vornov JJ, Hollinger KR, Jackson PF, Wozniak KM, Farah MH, Majer P, et al. Chapter Nine - Still NAAG'ing After All These Years: The Continuing Pursuit of GCPII Inhibitors. In: Schwarcz R, editor. Advances in Pharmacology. 76: Academic Press; 2016. p. 215\u201355.","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apha.2016.01.007"},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rais R, Wozniak K, Wu Y, Niwa M, Stathis M, Alt J, et al. Selective CNS Uptake of the GCP-II Inhibitor 2-PMPA following Intranasal Administration. PLOS ONE. 2015;10(7):e0131861.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131861"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2005.02396.x","article-title":"The central nervous system effects, pharmacokinetics and safety of the NAALADase-inhibitor GPI 5693","volume":"60","author":"van der Post","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90722-9","article-title":"Adverse effects profile of sulfhydryl compounds in man","volume":"80","author":"Jaffe","year":"1986","journal-title":"The American Journal of Medicine."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.2174\/138955707779802642","article-title":"Cytotoxic Thiol Alkylators","volume":"7","author":"Hari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2019.02.009","article-title":"Leveraging the interplay of nanotechnology and neuroscience: Designing new avenues for treating central nervous system disorders","volume":"148","author":"Smith","year":"2019","journal-title":"Advanced drug delivery reviews."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2015.12.013","article-title":"Targeting specific cells in the brain with nanomedicines for CNS therapies","volume":"240","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Control Release."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.7150\/ntno.63158","article-title":"Dendrimer-2PMPA selectively blocks upregulated microglial GCPII activity and improves cognition in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis","volume":"6","author":"Hollinger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nanotheranostics."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2018.06.003","article-title":"Effect of mannose targeting of hydroxyl PAMAM dendrimers on cellular and organ biodistribution in a neonatal brain injury model","volume":"283","author":"Sharma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Controlled Release."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2134","DOI":"10.1021\/nn404872e","article-title":"Dendrimer Brain Uptake and Targeted Therapy for Brain Injury in a Large Animal Model of Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest","volume":"8","author":"Mishra","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Nano."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma A, Sharma R, Zhang Z, Liaw K, Kambhampati SP, Porterfield JE, et al. Dense hydroxyl polyethylene glycol dendrimer targets activated glia in multiple CNS disorders. Science Advances. 2020;6(4):eaay8514.","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aay8514"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2874","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.7b00569","article-title":"Activated Microglia Targeting Dendrimer-Minocycline Conjugate as Therapeutics for Neuroinflammation","volume":"28","author":"Sharma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioconjugate Chemistry."},{"issue":"5166","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib28","first-page":"1772","article-title":"Motor neuron degeneration in mice that express a human Cu","volume":"264","author":"Gurney","year":"1994","journal-title":"Zn superoxide dismutase mutation. Science."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2005.02.006","article-title":"Background and gender effects on survival in the TgN(SOD1-G93A)1Gur mouse model of ALS","volume":"236","author":"Heiman-Patterson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nance E, Kambhampati SP, Smith ES, Zhang Z, Zhang F, Singh S, et al. Dendrimer-mediated delivery of N-acetyl cysteine to microglia in a mouse model of Rett syndrome. Journal of neuroinflammation. 2017;14(1):252-.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-017-1004-5"},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.09.034","article-title":"Intraparenchymal spinal cord delivery of adeno-associated virus IGF-1 is protective in the SOD1G93A model of ALS","volume":"1185","author":"Lepore","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Research."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-2697(02)00286-5","article-title":"Kinetics and inhibition of glutamate carboxypeptidase II using a microplate assay","volume":"310","author":"Rojas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anal Biochem."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4231-07.2008","article-title":"Motor Neuron Disease Occurring in a Mutant Dynactin Mouse Model Is Characterized by Defects in Vesicular Trafficking","volume":"28","author":"Laird","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2006.03.028","article-title":"Loss of the astrocyte glutamate transporter GLT1 modifies disease in SOD1G93A mice","volume":"201","author":"Pardo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Experimental Neurology."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxm030","article-title":"Small-sample estimation of negative binomial dispersion, with applications to SAGE data","volume":"9","author":"Robinson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biostatistics."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp616","article-title":"edgeR: a Bioconductor package for differential expression analysis of digital gene expression data","volume":"26","author":"Robinson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioinformatics."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-018-0177-7","article-title":"JHU-083 selectively blocks glutaminase activity in brain CD11b(+) cells and prevents depression-associated behaviors induced by chronic social defeat stress","volume":"44","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2678","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.13204","article-title":"Alterations in circulating extracellular vesicles underlie social stress-induced behaviors in mice","volume":"11","author":"Sakamoto","year":"2021","journal-title":"FEBS Open Bio."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-3773(20010601)40:11<2004::AID-ANIE2004>3.0.CO;2-5","article-title":"Click Chemistry: Diverse Chemical Function from a Few Good Reactions","volume":"40","author":"Kolb","year":"2001","journal-title":"Angewandte Chemie International Edition."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1002\/btm2.10094","article-title":"Scalable synthesis and validation of PAMAM dendrimer-N-acetyl cysteine conjugate for potential translation","volume":"3","author":"Sharma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioeng Transl Med."},{"issue":"Pt B","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2015.02.013","article-title":"Intracellular delivery of dendrimer triamcinolone acetonide conjugates into microglial and human retinal pigment epithelial cells","volume":"95","author":"Kambhampati","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Biopharm."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.06.046","article-title":"Surface functionality affects the biodistribution and microglia-targeting of intra-amniotically delivered dendrimers","volume":"237","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Control Release."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2016.05.044","article-title":"Nanoscale effects in dendrimer-mediated targeting of neuroinflammation","volume":"101","author":"Nance","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomaterials."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2021.07.018","article-title":"Glycosylation of PAMAM dendrimers significantly improves tumor macrophage targeting and specificity in glioblastoma","volume":"337","author":"Sharma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Controlled Release."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2017.01.032","article-title":"Generation-6 hydroxyl PAMAM dendrimers improve CNS penetration from intravenous administration in a large animal brain injury model","volume":"249","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Control Release."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4560","DOI":"10.1021\/mp400371r","article-title":"Biodistribution of fluorescently labeled PAMAM dendrimers in neonatal rabbits: effect of neuroinflammation","volume":"10","author":"Lesniak","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Pharm."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1021\/jm401703a","article-title":"delta-Thiolactones as prodrugs of thiol-based glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) inhibitors","volume":"57","author":"Ferraris","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Med Chem."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1021\/jm020515w","article-title":"Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Thiol-Based Inhibitors of Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II: Discovery of an Orally Active GCP II Inhibitor","volume":"46","author":"Majer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Medicinal Chemistry."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.113.205039","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the glutamate carboxypeptidase II inhibitor 2-MPPA show prolonged alleviation of neuropathic pain through an indirect mechanism","volume":"346","author":"Vornov","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9554","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1530168100","article-title":"Glutamate carboxypeptidase II inhibition protects motor neurons from death in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis models","volume":"100","author":"Ghadge","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America."},{"issue":"5959","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1181046","article-title":"MicroRNA-206 delays ALS progression and promotes regeneration of neuromuscular synapses in mice","volume":"326","author":"Williams","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science (New York, NY)."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20228","article-title":"Gait analysis detects early changes in transgenic SOD1(G93A) mice","volume":"32","author":"Wooley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Muscle & nerve."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.007237","article-title":"A comprehensive assessment of the <em>SOD1<sup>G93A<\/sup><\/em> low-copy transgenic mouse, which models human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"4","author":"Acevedo-Arozena","year":"2011","journal-title":"Disease Models & Mechanisms."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-015-0271-6","article-title":"Early and gender-specific differences in spinal cord mitochondrial function and oxidative stress markers in a mouse model of ALS","volume":"4","author":"Cacabelos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathologica Communications."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410390203","article-title":"Benefit of vitamin E, riluzole, and gababapentin in a transgenic model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"39","author":"Gurney","year":"1996","journal-title":"Annals of Neurology."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(03)00212-4","article-title":"Creatine supplementation and riluzole treatment provide similar beneficial effects in copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (G93A) transgenic mice","volume":"119","author":"Snow","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuroscience."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1080\/17482960701856300","article-title":"Design, power, and interpretation of studies in the standard murine model of ALS","volume":"9","author":"Scott","year":"2008","journal-title":"Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis."},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1080\/21678421.2017.1407796","article-title":"Riluzole does not improve lifespan or motor function in three ALS mouse models","volume":"19","author":"Hogg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li J, Sung M, Rutkove SB. Electrophysiologic Biomarkers for Assessing Disease Progression and the Effect of Riluzole in SOD1 G93A ALS Mice. PLOS ONE. 2013;8(6):e65976.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065976"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.10.022","article-title":"Expression of glutamate carboxypeptidase II in human brain","volume":"144","author":"\u0160\u00e1cha","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroscience."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01181553","article-title":"N-acetylated alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase is expressed by non-myelinating Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system","volume":"24","author":"Berger","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Neurocytology."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.12276","article-title":"Mouse glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) has a similar enzyme activity and inhibition profile but a different tissue distribution to human GCPII","volume":"7","author":"Knedl\u00edk","year":"2017","journal-title":"FEBS Open Bio."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2016.06.010","article-title":"Maternal inflammation leads to impaired glutamate homeostasis and up-regulation of glutamate carboxypeptidase II in activated microglia in the fetal\/newborn rabbit brain","volume":"94","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Disease."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.227","article-title":"Advances in peripheral nerve regeneration","volume":"9","author":"Scheib","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neurology."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.253510","article-title":"Role of macrophages in peripheral nerve injury and repair","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2015.02.017","article-title":"The dual roles of immunity in ALS: Injury overrides protection","volume":"77","author":"Murdock","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Disease."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sakaguchi S, Shono J-i, Suzuki T, Sawano S, Anderson JE, Do M-KQ, et al. Implication of anti-inflammatory macrophages in regenerative moto-neuritogenesis: Promotion of myoblast migration and neural chemorepellent semaphorin 3A expression in injured muscle. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology. 2014;54:272\u201385.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2014.05.032"},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2016.01.008","article-title":"Macrophage-mediated inflammation and glial response in the skeletal muscle of a rat model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)","volume":"277","author":"Van Dyke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Experimental neurology."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2004.10.009","article-title":"Evidence for systemic immune system alterations in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS)","volume":"159","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroimmunology."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yawata I, Takeuchi H, Doi Y, Liang J, Mizuno T, Suzumura A. Macrophage-induced neurotoxicity is mediated by glutamate and attenuated by glutaminase inhibitors and gap junction inhibitors. Life Sciences. 2008;82(21):1111\u20136.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2008.03.010"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2007.07.007","article-title":"Mechanisms of axon degeneration: From development to disease","volume":"83","author":"Saxena","year":"2007","journal-title":"Progress in Neurobiology."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jensen L, J\u00f8rgensen LH, Bech RD, Frandsen U, Schr\u00f8der HD. Skeletal Muscle Remodelling as a Function of Disease Progression in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:5930621-.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5930621"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22796","article-title":"CSF-1-activated macrophages are target-directed and essential mediators of schwann cell dedifferentiation and dysfunction in Cx32-deficient mice","volume":"63","author":"Groh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Glia."},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yuan X, Klein D, Kerscher S, West BL, Weis J, Katona I, et al. Macrophage depletion ameliorates peripheral neuropathy in aging mice. The Journal of Neuroscience. 2018:3030\u201317.","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3030-17.2018"},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rais R, Jiang W, Zhai H, Wozniak KM, Stathis M, Hollinger KR, et al. FOLH1\/GCPII is elevated in IBD patients, and its inhibition ameliorates murine IBD abnormalities. JCI Insight. 2016;1(12).","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.88634"},{"key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neale JH, Yamamoto T. N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) and glutamate carboxypeptidase II: An abundant peptide neurotransmitter-enzyme system with multiple clinical applications. Progress in Neurobiology. 2020;184:101722.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2019.101722"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12972","article-title":"A complex interplay between the extracellular matrix and the innate immune response to microbial pathogens","volume":"155","author":"Tomlin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunology."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.145366","article-title":"Extracellular matrix components in peripheral nerve repair: how to affect neural cellular response and nerve regeneration?","volume":"9","author":"de Luca","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-016-9521-x","article-title":"Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-mediated laminin proteolysis generates a pro-angiogenic peptide","volume":"19","author":"Conway","year":"2016","journal-title":"Angiogenesis."}],"container-title":["Neurotherapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878747923001678?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878747923001678?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T06:38:43Z","timestamp":1761806323000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1878747923001678"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1878747923001678"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1878-7479"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1878-7479","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Dendrimer-2PMPA Delays Muscle Function Loss and Denervation in a Murine Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neurotherapeutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13311-021-01159-7","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2022 The American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, Inc. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}