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The lidocaine RCT project was supported by The University of Auckland Faculty Research Development Fund.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"None.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The deidentified dataset used in modeling for this work are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of data and material"}},{"value":"New Zealand Northern Health and Disability Ethics committee provided ethics approval for the original lidocaine dataset used in this analysis (reference 17\/NTB\/93). Clinical trial registration was done in accordance with CONSORT statement ().","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}},{"value":"The NM-TRAN control stream is available in the supplementary materials.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code availability"}},{"value":"JAH and KO created the datafiles. KO, JAH and BJA undertook the analysis. JAH and KO wrote the first draft of the paper. AGH, DS and WMF designed and conducted the original RCT. 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