{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T07:41:21Z","timestamp":1793259681202,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619568000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003093","name":"Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["304\/PFARMASI\/6314060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["304\/PFARMASI\/6314060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"THP Medical","award":["6314060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6314060"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004595","name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-021-00988-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T20:03:10Z","timestamp":1619553790000},"page":"981-1001","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Topical delivery of salicylates"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4934-0471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soo Chin","family":"Yeoh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5084-4074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Choon Fu","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"988_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/s0248-8663(00)88720-2","volume":"21","author":"H Levesque","year":"2000","unstructured":"Levesque H, Lafont O. Aspirin throughout the ages: a historical review. Rev Med Interne. 2000;21:8\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0248-8663(00)88720-2.","journal-title":"Rev Med Interne"},{"issue":"6","key":"988_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/18.12.987a","volume":"27","author":"M Gross","year":"1948","unstructured":"Gross M, Greenberg LA, Haggard HW. The salicylates, a critical bibliographic review. Anesth Analg. 1948;27(6):137\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcp\/18.12.987a.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"988_CR3","first-page":"79","volume":"37","author":"S Norn","year":"2009","unstructured":"Norn S, Permin H, Kruse PR, Kruse E. From willow bark to acetylsalicylic acid. Dansk Medicinhistorisk Arbog. 2009;37:79\u201398.","journal-title":"Dansk Medicinhistorisk Arbog"},{"issue":"5","key":"988_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.14520","volume":"177","author":"MJ Desborough","year":"2017","unstructured":"Desborough MJ, Keeling DM. The aspirin story\u2013from willow to wonder drug. Br J Haematol. 2017;177(5):674\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.14520.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-198510020-00004","volume":"10","author":"CJ Needs","year":"1985","unstructured":"Needs CJ, Brooks PM. Clinical pharmacokinetics of the salicylates. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1985;10(2):164\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00003088-198510020-00004.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"6","key":"988_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.169731","volume":"6","author":"AK Bubna","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bubna AK. Aspirin in dermatology: revisited. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2015;6(6):428\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2229-5178.169731.","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J"},{"issue":"10","key":"988_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1993.00540100041012","volume":"50","author":"RB King","year":"1993","unstructured":"King RB. Topical aspirin in chloroform and the relief of pain due to herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia. Arch Neurol. 1993;50(10):1046\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archneur.1993.00540100041012.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(95)00155-7","volume":"65","author":"G De Benedittis","year":"1996","unstructured":"De Benedittis G, Lorenzetti A. Topical aspirin\/diethyl ether mixture versus indomethacin and diclofenac\/diethyl ether mixtures for acute herpetic neuralgia and postherpetic neuralgia: a double-blind crossover placebo-controlled study. Pain. 1996;65(1):45\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0304-3959(95)00155-7.","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"988_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"\u00a0Balakrishnan S, Bhushan K, Bhargava VK, Pandhi P. A randomized parallel trial of topical aspirin\u2013moisturizer solution vs. oral aspirin for acute herpetic neuralgia. Cutan Ocul Toxicol.\u00a02001;40(8):535\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2001.01265.x.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2001.01265.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2004.03.002","volume":"58","author":"J Hadgraft","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hadgraft J. Skin deep. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2004;58(2):291\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejpb.2004.03.002.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Biopharm"},{"key":"988_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Arif T. Salicylic acid as a peeling agent: a comprehensive review. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatoly.\u00a02015;8:455\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/ccid.s84765.","DOI":"10.2147\/ccid.s84765"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1999.00500.x","volume":"38","author":"M Lebwohl","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lebwohl M. The role of salicylic acid in the treatment of psoriasis. Int J Dermatol. 1999;38(1):16\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1999.00500.x.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"988_CR13","first-page":"283","volume":"64","author":"R Marks","year":"1975","unstructured":"Marks R. An explanation for the keratolytic effect of salicylic acid. J Invest Dermatol. 1975;64:283.","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1976.tb00825.x","volume":"95","author":"M Davies","year":"1976","unstructured":"Davies M, Marks R. Studies on the effect of salicylic acid on normal skin. Br J Dermatol. 1976;95(2):187\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1976.tb00825.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1980.tb06590.x","volume":"103","author":"D Roberts","year":"1980","unstructured":"Roberts DL, Marshall R, Marks R. Detection of the action of salicylic acid on the normal stratum corneum. Br J Dermatol. 1980;103(2):191\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1980.tb06590.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12318985","volume":"105","author":"ND Lazo","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lazo ND, Meine JG, Downing DT. Lipids are covalently attached to rigid corneocyte protein envelopes existing predominantly as \u03b2-sheets: a solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance study. J Invest Dermatol. 1995;105(2):296\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12318985.","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12050","volume":"13","author":"B Marczyk","year":"2014","unstructured":"Marczyk B, Mucha P, Budzisz E, Rotsztejn H. Comparative study of the effect of 50% pyruvic and 30% salicylic peels on the skin lipid film in patients with acne vulgaris. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2014;13(1):15\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.12050.","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"988_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1992.tb03311.x","volume":"18","author":"JM Swinehart","year":"1992","unstructured":"Swinehart JM. Salicylic acid ointment peeling of the hands and forearms: effective nonsurgical removal of pigmented lesions and actinic damage. J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1992;18(6):495\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1992.tb03311.x.","journal-title":"J Dermatol Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"988_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1021\/js960496b","volume":"86","author":"DAP Davis","year":"1997","unstructured":"Davis DAP, Kraus AL, Thompson GA, Olerich M, Odio MR. Percutaneous absorption of salicylic acid after repeated (14-day) in vivo administration to normal, acnegenic or aged human skin. J Pharm Sci. 1997;86(8):896\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/js960496b.","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"988_CR20","unstructured":"Johnson W, Jinqiu Z. Amended safety assessment of salicylic acid and salicylates as used in cosmetics, Washington, DC,\u00a02019."},{"key":"988_CR21","unstructured":"SCCS, Opinion on salicylic acid (CAS 69\u201372\u20137) submission I (SCCS\/1601\/18), E. Commission, 2019."},{"issue":"3","key":"988_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.3390\/medicines4030048","volume":"4","author":"A Anderson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Anderson A, McConville A, Fanthorpe L, Davis J. Salicylate poisoning potential of topical pain relief agents: from age old remedies to engineered smart patches. Medicines. 2017;4(3):48\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicines4030048.","journal-title":"Medicines"},{"issue":"10","key":"988_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270004268409","volume":"44","author":"D Martin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Martin D, Valdez J, Boren J, Mayersohn M. Dermal absorption of camphor, menthol, and methyl salicylate in humans. J Clin Pharmacol. 2004;44(10):1151\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0091270004268409.","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"988_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/28.3.214","volume":"28","author":"D Parker","year":"2004","unstructured":"Parker D, Martinez C, Stanley C, Simmons J, McIntyre IM. The analysis of methyl salicylate and salicylic acid from Chinese herbal medicine ingestion. J Anal Toxicol. 2004;28(3):214\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jat\/28.3.214.","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"988_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.1982.tb02485.x","volume":"12","author":"MS Roberts","year":"1982","unstructured":"Roberts MS, Favretto WA, Meyer A, Reckmann M, Wongseelashote T. Topical bioavailability of methyl salicylate. Aust NZ J Med. 1982;12(3):303\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1445-5994.1982.tb02485.x.","journal-title":"Aust NZ J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"988_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.3109\/08990228909144676","volume":"6","author":"BG Green","year":"1989","unstructured":"Green BG, Flammer LJ. Methyl salicylate as a cutaneous stimulus: a psychophysical analysis. Somatosens Mot Res. 1989;6(3):253\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/08990228909144676.","journal-title":"Somatosens Mot Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"988_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/iii.3.90","volume":"3","author":"J Wand-Tetley","year":"1956","unstructured":"Wand-Tetley J. Historical methods of counter-irritation. Rheumatology. 1956;3(3):90\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/iii.3.90.","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"988_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CIREP. Safety assessment of salicylic acid, butyloctyl salicylate, calcium salicylate, C12\u201315 alkyl salicylate, capryloyl salicylic acid, hexyldodecyl salicylate, isocetyl salicylate, isodecyl salicylate, magnesium salicylate, MEA-salicylate, ethylhexyl salicylate, potassium salicylate, methyl salicylate, myristyl salicylate, sodium salicylate, TEA-salicylate, and tridecyl salicylate. Int J Toxicol.\u00a02003;22:1\u2013108.","DOI":"10.1177\/1091581803022S303"},{"key":"988_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2016.12.033","volume":"100","author":"X Liang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liang X, Chen YL, Jiang XJ, Wang SM, Zhang JW, Gui SY. HII mesophase as a drug delivery system for topical application of methyl salicylate. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2017;100:155\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2016.12.033.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"988_CR30","unstructured":"FDA, Clinical review: Salonpas\u00ae pain relief patch (arthritis pain patch) (N22\u2013029S012), Ryan Raffaelli, MD, 2013."},{"key":"988_CR31","unstructured":"Salonpas pain relief new drug application approval letter (NDA 22\u2013029\/S-002). Rockville, MD: 2008."},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2010.01.016","volume":"32","author":"Y Higashi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Higashi Y, Kiuchi T, Furuta K. Efficacy and safety profile of a topical methyl salicylate and menthol patch in adult patients with mild to moderate muscle strain: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, multicenter study. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2010;32(1):34\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinthera.2010.01.016.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"988_CR33","first-page":"540","volume":"120","author":"C Hogben","year":"1957","unstructured":"Hogben CAM, Schanker LS, Tocco DJ, Brodie BB. Absorption of drugs from the stomach in the human. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1957;120:540\u20135.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"988_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600610312","volume":"61","author":"M Rowland","year":"1972","unstructured":"Rowland M, Riegelman S, Harris PA, Sholkoff SD. Absorption kinetics of aspirin in man following oral administration of an aqueous solution. J Pharm Sci. 1972;61:379\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jps.2600610312.","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"988_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.1976.tb03290.x","volume":"6","author":"R Day","year":"1976","unstructured":"Day RO, Pauli PD, Champion GD, Graham GG. Evaluation of an enteric coated aspirin preparation. Aust NZ J Med. 1976;6:45\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1445-5994.1976.tb03290.x.","journal-title":"Aust NZ J Med"},{"key":"988_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1978.tb01717.x","volume":"5","author":"P Brooks","year":"1978","unstructured":"Brooks PM, Roberts MS, Patel B. Pharmacokinetics of sustained release aspirin. Br J Pharmacol. 1978;5:337\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1978.tb01717.x.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"988_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600541117","volume":"54","author":"AM Morgan","year":"1965","unstructured":"Morgan AM, Truitt EB. Evaluation of acetysalicylic acid esterase in aspirin metabolism. J Pharm Sci. 1965;54:1640\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jps.2600541117.","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"988_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00637504","volume":"23","author":"L Ross-Lee","year":"1982","unstructured":"Ross-Lee LM, Elms MJ, Cham BE, Bochner F, Bunce IH, Eadie MJ. Plasma levels of aspirin following effervescent and enteric coated tablets, and their effect on platelet function. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1982;23(6):545\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00637504.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"988_CR39","first-page":"278","volume":"107","author":"R Reynolds","year":"1960","unstructured":"Reynolds RC, Cluff LE. Interaction of serum and sodium salicylate: changes during acute infection and its influence on pharmacological activity. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp. 1960;107:278\u201390.","journal-title":"Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-198207010-00005","volume":"7","author":"S Wanwimolruk","year":"1982","unstructured":"Wanwimolruk S, Birkett DJ, Brooks PM. Protein binding of some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1982;7(1):85\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00003088-198207010-00005.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-198206000-00003","volume":"4","author":"JT Wilson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Wilson JT, Brown RD, Bocchini JA, Kearns GL. Efficacy, disposition and pharmacodynamics of aspirin, acetaminophen and choline salicylate in young febrile children. Ther Drug Monit. 1982;4(2):147\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007691-198206000-00003.","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit"},{"issue":"5","key":"988_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12259184","volume":"54","author":"RJ Feldmann","year":"1970","unstructured":"Feldmann RJ, Maibach HI. Absorption of some organic compounds through the skin in man. J Invest Dermatol. 1970;54(5):399\u2013404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12259184.","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"988_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1975.01630180068008","volume":"111","author":"JR Taylor","year":"1975","unstructured":"Taylor JR, Halprin KM. Percutaneous absorption of salicylic acid. Arch Dermatol. 1975;111(6):740\u20133.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"988_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1973.tb15450.x","volume":"88","author":"K Grice","year":"1973","unstructured":"Grice K, Sattar H, Baker H. The cutaneous barrier to salts and water in psoriasis and in normal skin. Br J Dermatol. 1973;88(5):459\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1973.tb15450.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"988_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1985.01660120031014","volume":"121","author":"H Schaefer","year":"1985","unstructured":"Schaefer H. Short-contact therapy. Arch Dermatol. 1985;121(12):1505\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archderm.1985.01660120031014.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"988_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(87)70106-6","volume":"16","author":"JC Wang","year":"1987","unstructured":"Wang JCT, Patel BG, Ehmann CW, Lowe N. The release and percutaneous permeation of anthralin products, using clinically involved and uninvolved psoriatic skin. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1987;16(4):812\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0190-9622(87)70106-6.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"988_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.1979.18.3.228","volume":"18","author":"B Birmingham","year":"1979","unstructured":"Birmingham BK, Greene DS, Rhodes CT. Systemic absorption of topical salicylic acid. Int J Dermatol. 1979;18(3):228\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.1979.18.3.228.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"988_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.02859.x","volume":"140","author":"E Benfeldt","year":"1999","unstructured":"Benfeldt E, Serup J, Menne T. Effect of barrier perturbation on cutaneous salicylic acid penetration in human skin: in vivo pharmacokinetics using microdialysis and non-invasive quantification of barrier function. Br J Dermatol. 1999;140(4):739\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.02859.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"988_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Klimowicz\u00a0A,\u00a0Farfa\u0142 S,\u00a0Bielecka\u2010Grzela S. Evaluation of skin penetration of topically applied drugs in humans by cutaneous microdialysis: acyclovir vs. salicylic acid. J Clin Pharm Ther.\u00a02007;32(2):143\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2710.2007.00803.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2710.2007.00803.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-5173(99)00217-3","volume":"188","author":"JC Tsai","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tsai JC, Chuang SA, Hsu MY, Sheu HM. Distribution of salicylic acid in human stratum corneum following topical application in vivo: a comparison of six different formulations. Int J Pharm. 1999;188(2):145\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0378-5173(99)00217-3.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1159\/000018063","volume":"198","author":"F Schwarb","year":"1999","unstructured":"Schwarb F, Gabard B, Rufli T, Surber C. Percutaneous absorption of salicylic acid in man after topical administration of three different formulations. Dermatology. 1999;198(1):44\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000018063.","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00870985","volume":"31","author":"A Danon","year":"1986","unstructured":"Danon A, Ben-Shimon S, Ben-Zvi Z. Effect of exercise and heat exposure on percutaneous absorption of methyl salicylate. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;31(1):49\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00870985.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"9","key":"988_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1177\/106002809603000903","volume":"30","author":"P Morra","year":"1996","unstructured":"Morra P, Bartle WR, Walker SE, Lee SN, Bowles SK, Reeves RA. Serum concentrations of salicylic acid following topically applied salicylate derivatives. Ann of Pharmacother. 1996;30(9):935\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/106002809603000903.","journal-title":"Ann of Pharmacother"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1177\/102490791001700109","volume":"17","author":"W Yip","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yip WL, Ng HW, Chan YC, Tse ML, Lau FL. A volunteer study on the blood salicylate level of excessive use of topical methyl salicylate. Hong Kong J Emerg Med. 2010;17(1):54\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/102490791001700109.","journal-title":"Hong Kong J Emerg Med"},{"key":"988_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-45013-0_11","volume-title":"Transdermal drug delivery systems using supersaturation","author":"V Rai","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rai V, Raghavan L. Transdermal drug delivery systems using supersaturation. Berlin: Springer; 2015."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"988_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2006.03.015","volume":"318","author":"N Leveque","year":"2006","unstructured":"Leveque N, Raghavan SL, Lane ME, Hadgraft J. Use of a molecular form technique for the penetration of supersaturated solutions of salicylic acid across silicone membranes and human skin in vitro. Int J Pharm. 2006;318(1\u20132):49\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2006.03.015.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"988_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2012.11.016","volume":"441","author":"J Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang J, Sun M, Fan A, Wang Z, Zhao Y. The effect of solute\u2013membrane interaction on solute permeation under supersaturated conditions. Int J Pharm. 2013;441(1\u20132):389\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2012.11.016.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"988_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2013.02.040","volume":"447","author":"ME Lane","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lane ME. Skin penetration enhancers. Int J Pharm. 2013;447(1\u20132):12\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2013.02.040.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-010-9449-1","volume":"11","author":"J Zhang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhang J, Liu M, Jin H, Deng L, Xing J, Dong A. In vitro enhancement of lactate esters on the percutaneous penetration of drugs with different lipophilicity. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2010;11(2):894\u2013903. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1208\/s12249-010-9449-1.","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"issue":"4","key":"988_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600730426","volume":"73","author":"Z Liron","year":"1984","unstructured":"Liron Z, Cohen S. Percutaneous absorption of alkanoic acids II: application of regular solution theory. J Pharm Sci. 1984;73(4):538\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jps.2600730426.","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"988_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2015.02.029","volume":"483","author":"F Muhammad","year":"2015","unstructured":"Muhammad F, Riviere JE. Differential effects of some natural compounds on the transdermal absorption and penetration of caffeine and salicylic acid. Int J Pharm. 2015;483(1\u20132):151\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2015.02.029.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.3109\/15569527.2016.1147456","volume":"36","author":"F Muhammad","year":"2017","unstructured":"Muhammad F, Wiley J, Riviere JE. Influence of some plant extracts on the transdermal absorption and penetration of marker penetrants. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2017;36(1):60\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/15569527.2016.1147456.","journal-title":"Cutan Ocul Toxicol"},{"issue":"6","key":"988_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1159\/000159265","volume":"21","author":"A Otto","year":"2008","unstructured":"Otto A, Wiechers JW, Kelly CL, Hadgraft J, Du Plessis J. Effect of penetration modifiers on the dermal and transdermal delivery of drugs and cosmetic active ingredients. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2008;21(6):326\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000159265.","journal-title":"Skin Pharmacol Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"988_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.2174\/156720110793566218","volume":"7","author":"C Padula","year":"2010","unstructured":"Padula C, Ferretti C, Nicoli S, Santi P. Combined patch containing salicylic acid and nicotinamide: role of drug interaction. Curr Drug Deliv. 2010;7(5):415\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/156720110793566218.","journal-title":"Curr Drug Deliv"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"988_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2014.08.061","volume":"475","author":"R Mateus","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mateus R, Moore DJ, Hadgraft J, Lane ME. Percutaneous absorption of salicylic acid\u2013 in vitro and in vivo studies. Int J Pharm. 2014;475(1\u20132):471\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2014.08.061.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1163\/138577211X555721","volume":"14","author":"S Sahoo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sahoo S, Kumar N, Bhattacharya C, Sagiri SS, Jain K, Pal K, Ray SS, Nayak B. Organogels: properties and applications in drug delivery. Des Monomers Polym. 2011;14(2):95\u2013108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/138577211X555721.","journal-title":"Des Monomers Polym"},{"key":"988_CR67","volume-title":"Hydrogels","author":"NA Peppas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Peppas NA, Hoffman AS. Hydrogels. UK: Elsevier; 2020."},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.12519","volume":"41","author":"R Martinez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Martinez RM, Rosado C, Velasco MVR, Lannes SCS, Baby AR. Main features and applications of organogels in cosmetics. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2019;41(2):109\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ics.12519.","journal-title":"Int J Cosmet Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.7b01300","volume":"19","author":"CC Homyak","year":"2018","unstructured":"Homyak CC, Fernandez A, Touve MA, Zhao B, Anson F, Hardy JA, Vachet RW, Gianneschi NC, Ross JL, Thayumanavan S. Lipogels for encapsulation of hydrophilic proteins and hydrophobic small molecules. Biomacromol. 2018;19(1):132\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.biomac.7b01300.","journal-title":"Biomacromol"},{"issue":"8","key":"988_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.12582","volume":"68","author":"R Langasco","year":"2016","unstructured":"Langasco R, Spada G, Tanriverdi ST, Rassu G, Giunchedi P, \u00d6zer \u00d6, Gavini E. Bio-based topical system for enhanced salicylic acid delivery: preparation and performance of gels. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2016;68(8):999\u20131009. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jphp.12582.","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-017-0364-9","volume":"8","author":"G Sharma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sharma G, Devi N, Thakur K, Jain A, Katare OP. Lanolin-based organogel of salicylic acid: evidences of better dermatokinetic profile in imiquimod-induced keratolytic therapy in BALB\/c mice model. Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2018;8(2):398\u2013413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13346-017-0364-9.","journal-title":"Drug Deliv Transl Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1021\/la00068a001","volume":"2","author":"SE Friberg","year":"1986","unstructured":"Friberg SE, Solans C. Surfactant association structures and the stability of emulsions and foams. Langmuir. 1986;2(2):121\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/la00068a001.","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"988_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0927-7757(96)03846-0","volume":"123","author":"G Eccleston","year":"1997","unstructured":"Eccleston G. Functions of mixed emulsifiers and emulsifying waxes in dermatological lotions and creams. Colloid Surf A. 1997;123:169\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0927-7757(96)03846-0.","journal-title":"Colloid Surf A"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR74","first-page":"1","volume":"49","author":"L Brinon","year":"1998","unstructured":"Brinon L, Geiger S, Alard V, Tranchant J, Pouget T. Influence of lamellar liquid crystal structure on percutaneous diffusion of a hydrophilic tracer from emulsions. J Cosmet Sci. 1998;49(1):1\u201311.","journal-title":"J Cosmet Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"988_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s00396-004-1174-4","volume":"283","author":"S Savic","year":"2005","unstructured":"Savic S, Vuleta G, Daniels R, M\u00fcller-Goymann CC. Colloidal microstructure of binary systems and model creams stabilized with an alkylpolyglucoside non-ionic emulsifier. Colloid Polym Sci. 2005;283(4):439\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00396-004-1174-4.","journal-title":"Colloid Polym Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"988_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1080\/03639040601150179","volume":"33","author":"N Vucini\u0107-Milankovi\u0107","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vucini\u0107-Milankovi\u0107 N, Savi\u0107 S, Vuleta G, Vucini\u0107 S. The physicochemical characterization and in vitro \/in vivo evaluation of natural surfactants-based emulsions as vehicles for diclofenac diethylamine. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2007;33(3):221\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03639040601150179.","journal-title":"Drug Dev Ind Pharm"},{"issue":"5","key":"988_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02638740","volume":"47","author":"S Friberg","year":"1970","unstructured":"Friberg S, Mandell L. Phase equilibria and their influence on the properties of emulsions. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 1970;47(5):149\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF02638740.","journal-title":"J Am Oil Chem Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9797(71)90295-5","volume":"37","author":"S Friberg","year":"1971","unstructured":"Friberg S. Liquid crystalline phases in emulsions. J Colloid Interface Sci. 1971;37(2):291\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0021-9797(71)90295-5.","journal-title":"J Colloid Interface Sci"},{"key":"988_CR79","unstructured":"Schaefer\u00a0H,\u00a0Schalla W,\u00a0Lamaud E. Pharmacological and pharmacokinetic aspects in local and systemic therapy of psoriasis. Current Research Problems in Psoriasis.\u00a01984:104\u201310."},{"issue":"5","key":"988_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2494.2006.00323.x","volume":"28","author":"J Wiechers","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wiechers JW, Kelly C, Blaese TG, Dederen JC. Formulating for fast efficacy: influence of liquid crystalline emulsion structure on the skin delivery of active ingredients. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2006;28(5):380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-2494.2006.00323.x.","journal-title":"Int J Cosmet Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"988_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1159\/000314702","volume":"23","author":"A Otto","year":"2010","unstructured":"Otto A, Wiechers JW, Kelly CL, Dederen JC, Hadgraft J, Du Plessis J. Effect of emulsifiers and their liquid crystalline structures in emulsions on dermal and transdermal delivery of hydroquinone, salicylic acid and octadecenedioic acid. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2010;23(5):273\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000314702.","journal-title":"Skin Pharmacol Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"988_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-014-0081-3","volume":"15","author":"J Combrinck","year":"2014","unstructured":"Combrinck J, Otto A, Du Plessis J. Whey protein\/polysaccharide-stabilized emulsions: effect of polymer type and pH on release and topical delivery of salicylic acid. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2014;15(3):588\u2013600. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1208\/s12249-014-0081-3.","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"issue":"4","key":"988_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-014-0265-x","volume":"16","author":"M Kotz\u00e9","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kotz\u00e9 M, Otto A, Jordaan A, Du Plessis J. Whey protein\/polysaccharide-stabilized oil powders for topical application\u2014release and transdermal delivery of salicylic acid from oil powders compared to redispersed powders. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2015;16(4):835\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1208\/s12249-014-0265-x.","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1080\/10584587.2014.901160","volume":"152","author":"Y Huang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang Y, Li Y, Fan H, Xia Q. Preparation and characterization of salicylic acid-loaded microcapsules as delivery systems for cosmetics. Integr Ferroelectr. 2014;152(1):22\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10584587.2014.901160.","journal-title":"Integr Ferroelectr"},{"issue":"7","key":"988_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2710.2007.00803.x","volume":"37","author":"JS Im","year":"2011","unstructured":"Im JS, Balakrishnan P, Oh DH, Kim JS, Jeon EM, Kim DD, Yong CS, Choi H. Evaluation of salicylic acid fatty ester prodrugs for UV protection. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2011;37(7):841\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/03639045.2010.545417","journal-title":"Drug Dev Ind Pharm"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"988_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2011.07.043","volume":"419","author":"YD Yan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yan YD, Sung JH, Lee DW, Kim JS, Jeon EM, Kim DD, Kim DW, Kim JO, Piao MG, Li DX, Yong CS, Choi HG. Evaluation of physicochemical properties, skin permeation and accumulation profiles of salicylic acid amide prodrugs as sunscreen agent. Int J Pharm. 2011;419(1\u20132):154\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2011.07.043.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"8","key":"988_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357001774813","volume":"52","author":"SA Megwa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Megwa SA, Cross SE, Whitehouse MW, Benson HAE, Roberts MS. Effect of ion pairing with alkylamines on the in-vitro dermal penetration and local tissue disposition of salicylates. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2000;52(8):929\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1211\/0022357001774813.","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"issue":"8","key":"988_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357001774804","volume":"52","author":"SA Megwa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Megwa SA, Cross SE, Benson HAE, Roberts MS. Ion-pair formation as a strategy to enhance topical delivery of salicylic acid. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2000;52(8):919\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1211\/0022357001774804.","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1998.tb03305.x","volume":"50","author":"T Murakami","year":"1998","unstructured":"Murakami T, Yoshioka M, Okamoto I, Yumoto R, Higashi Y, Okahara K, Yata N. Effect of ointment bases on topical and transdermal delivery of salicylic acid in rats: evaluation by skin microdialysis. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1998;50(1):55\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1998.tb03305.x.","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.c14-00558","volume":"63","author":"S Kitagawa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kitagawa S, Fujiwara M, Okinaka Y, Yutani R, Teraoka R. Effects of mixing procedure itself on the structure, viscosity, and spreadability of white petrolatum and salicylic acid ointment and the skin permeation of salicylic acid. Chem Pharm Bull. 2015;63(1):43\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1248\/cpb.c14-00558.","journal-title":"Chem Pharm Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s11030-012-9413-y","volume":"17","author":"R Das","year":"2013","unstructured":"Das RN, Roy K. Advances in QSPR\/QSTR models of ionic liquids for the design of greener solvents of the future. Mol Divers. 2013;17(1):151\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11030-012-9413-y.","journal-title":"Mol Divers"},{"issue":"4","key":"988_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics10040288","volume":"10","author":"R Caparica","year":"2018","unstructured":"Caparica R, J\u00falio A, Baby AR, Ara\u00fajo MEM, Fernandes AS, Costa JG, Santos de Almeida T. Choline-amino acid ionic liquids as green functional excipients to enhance drug solubility. Pharmaceutics. 2018;10(4):288\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics10040288.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"988_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2008.01.034","volume":"354","author":"V Jaitely","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jaitely V, Karatas A, Florence AT. Water-immiscible room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) as drug reservoirs for controlled release. Int J Pharm. 2008;354(1\u20132):168\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2008.01.034.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"988_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2008.01.002","volume":"33","author":"H Mizuuchi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mizuuchi H, Jaitely V, Murdan S, Florence AT. Room temperature ionic liquids and their mixtures: potential pharmaceutical solvents. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2008;33(4\u20135):326\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2008.01.002.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"988_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1039\/B907462G","volume":"46","author":"M Moniruzzaman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moniruzzaman M, Tahara Y, Tamura M, Kamiya N, Goto M. Ionic liquid-assisted transdermal delivery of sparingly soluble drugs. Chem Comm. 2010;46(9):1452\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/B907462G.","journal-title":"Chem Comm"},{"key":"988_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2018.07.029","volume":"286","author":"EE Tanner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tanner EEL, Ibsen KN, Mitragotri S. Transdermal insulin delivery using choline-based ionic liquids (CAGE). J Control Release. 2018;286:137\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconrel.2018.07.029.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"988_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.119031","volume":"576","author":"L Zheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zheng L, Zhao Z, Yang Y, Li Y, Wang C. Novel skin permeation enhancers based on amino acid ester ionic liquid: design and permeation mechanism. Int J Pharm. 2020;576:119031\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.119031.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"988_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2018.05.021","volume":"546","author":"RM Moshikur","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moshikur RM, Chowdhury MR, Wakabayashi R, Tahara Y, Moniruzzaman M, Goto M. Characterization and cytotoxicity evaluation of biocompatible amino acid esters used to convert salicylic acid into ionic liquids. Int J Pharm. 2018;546(1\u20132):31\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2018.05.021.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"988_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2020.08.023","volume":"115","author":"T Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang T, Sun B, Guo J, Wang M, Cui H, Mao H, Wang B, Yan F. Active pharmaceutical ingredient poly(ionic liquid)-based microneedles for the treatment of skin acne infection. Acta Biomater. 2020;115:136\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actbio.2020.08.023.","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"key":"988_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bommannan\u00a0D,\u00a0Okuyama H,\u00a0Stauffer P,\u00a0Guy RH. Sonophoresis. I. The use of high-frequency ultrasound to enhance transdermal drug delivery. Pharm Res.\u00a01992;9(4):559\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1015808917491.","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015808917491"},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600820203","volume":"82","author":"P Singh","year":"1993","unstructured":"Singh P, Roberts MS. Iontophoretic transdermal delivery of salicylic acid and lidocaine to local subcutaneous structures. J Pharm Sci. 1993;82(2):127\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jps.2600820203.","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"988_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sammeta\u00a0SM,\u00a0Vaka SRK, Narasimha Murthy S. Transdermal drug delivery enhanced by low voltage electropulsation (LVE). Pharm Dev Technol.\u00a02009;14(2):159\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10837450802471180.","DOI":"10.1080\/10837450802471180"},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.3109\/03639045.2012.755191","volume":"40","author":"C Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang C, Ma J, Liu R, Han W, Tang X. A thermoplastic elastomer patch matrix for traditional Chinese medicine: design and evaluation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2014;40(2):211\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/03639045.2012.755191.","journal-title":"Drug Dev Ind Pharm"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"988_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2007.11.051","volume":"353","author":"D Mou","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mou D, Chen H, Du D, Mao C, Wan J, Xu H, Yang X. Hydrogel-thickened nanoemulsion system for topical delivery of lipophilic drugs. Int J Pharm. 2008;353(1\u20132):270\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2007.11.051.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"988_CR105","volume-title":"Reverse hexagonal mesophases (hII) and uses thereof","author":"N Garti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Garti N, Aserin A, Libster D, Amar-Yuli I, Mishraki T, Bitan-Chervkovsky L. Reverse hexagonal mesophases (hII) and uses thereof. Paris: European Patent Office; 2018."},{"issue":"3","key":"988_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731-7085(01)00414-9","volume":"26","author":"DI Nesseem","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nesseem DI. Formulation and evaluation of itraconazole via liquid crystal for topical delivery system. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2001;26(3):387\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0731-7085(01)00414-9.","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"issue":"2","key":"988_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.2174\/157341312801784203","volume":"20","author":"H Iwai","year":"1998","unstructured":"Iwai H, Fukasawa J, Suzuki T. A liquid crystal application in skin care cosmetics. Int J Cosmet Sci. 1998;20(2):87\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1467-2494.1998.171741.x.","journal-title":"Int J Cosmet Sci"},{"key":"988_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.2147\/ijn.s109552","volume":"51","author":"L Cui","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cui L, Jiang J, Zhang L, Song C, Zhao W, Lin J. Enhancing effect of electret on transdermal drug delivery. J Electrostat. 2001;51:153\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0304-3886(01)00086-9.","journal-title":"J Electrostat"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics11010014","volume":"11\u201325","author":"L Mart\u00ednez-Ortega","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Ortega L, Mira A, Fernandez-Carvajal A, Mateo CR, Mallavia R, Falco A. Development of a new delivery system based on drug-loadable electrospun nanofibers for psoriasis treatment. Pharmaceutics. 2019;11\u201325(1):14\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics11010014.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"8","key":"988_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1992.tb05485.x","volume":"44","author":"IP Dick","year":"1992","unstructured":"Dick IP, Scott RC. Pig ear skin as an in-vitro model for human skin permeability. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1992;44(8):640\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1992.tb05485.x.","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"988_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2376","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.10220","volume":"91","author":"N Sekkat","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sekkat N, Kalia YN, Guy RH. Biophysical study of porcine ear skin in vitro and its comparison to human skin in vivo. J Pharm Sci. 2002;91(11):2376\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jps.10220.","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"988_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.3233\/SPE-2008-0358","volume":"22","author":"T Greve","year":"2008","unstructured":"Greve TM, Andersen KB, Nielsen OF. Penetration mechanism of dimethyl sulfoxide in human and pig ear skin: an ATR\u2013FTIR and near-FT Raman spectroscopic in vivo and in vitro study. Spectroscopy. 2008;22(5):405\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/SPE-2008-0358.","journal-title":"Spectroscopy"},{"issue":"1","key":"988_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2006.00179.x","volume":"13","author":"U Jacobi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jacobi U, Kaiser M, Toll R, Mangelsdorf S, Audring H, Otberg N, Sterry W, Lademann J. Porcine ear skin: an in vitro model for human skin. Skin Res Technol. 2007;13(1):19\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2006.00179.x.","journal-title":"Skin Res Technol"},{"key":"988_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Klang\u00a0V,\u00a0Schwarz JC,\u00a0Lenobel B,\u00a0Nadj M,\u00a0Aub\u00f6ck J,\u00a0Wolzt M,\u00a0Valenta C. In vitro vs. in vivo tape stripping: validation of the porcine ear model and penetration assessment of novel sucrose stearate emulsions. Eur J Pharm Biopharm.\u00a02012;80(3):604\u201314.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejpb.2011.11.009.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2011.11.009"},{"issue":"4","key":"988_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-009-9301-7","volume":"10","author":"AA Badawi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Badawi AA, Nour SA, Sakran WS, El-Mancy SMS. Preparation and evaluation of microemulsion systems containing salicylic acid. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2009;10(4):1081\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1208\/s12249-009-9301-7.","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"988_CR116","unstructured":"Leesajakul\u00a0W,\u00a0Taworn C,\u00a0Channarong S. Methyl salicylate microemulsion-based systems. Part I: effect of additives on the physicochemical properties. Int J Pharm Pharm.\u00a02014;6(7):137\u201341. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/innovareacademics.in\/journals\/index.php\/ijpps\/article\/view\/1356"},{"issue":"9","key":"988_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1081\/DDC-200037251","volume":"30","author":"L Baudonnet","year":"2004","unstructured":"Baudonnet L, Grossiord JL, Rodriguez F. Physicochemical characterization and in vitro release of salicylic acid from o\/w emulsions prepared with Montanov 68\u00ae: effect of formulation parameters. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2004;30(9):975\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1081\/DDC-200037251.","journal-title":"Drug Dev Ind Pharm"},{"issue":"6","key":"988_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3831","DOI":"10.1002\/app.38590","volume":"128","author":"SS Sagiri","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sagiri SS, Behera B, Pal K, Basak P. Lanolin-based organogels as a matrix for topical drug delivery. J Appl Polym Sci. 2013;128(6):3831\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/app.38590.","journal-title":"J Appl Polym Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"988_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1080\/10426914.2012.663133","volume":"27","author":"S Mallick","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mallick S, Sagiri SS, Behera B, Pal K, Ray SS. Gelatin-based emulsion hydrogels as a matrix for controlled delivery system. Mater Manuf Process. 2012;27(11):1221\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10426914.2012.663133.","journal-title":"Mater Manuf Process"},{"key":"988_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Silva\u00a0TNd,\u00a0Reynaud F,\u00a0Picciani PHdS,\u00a0Silva KGdHe,\u00a0Barradas TN. Chitosan-based films containing nanoemulsions of methyl salicylate: formulation development, physical-chemical and in vitro drug release characterization. Int J Biol Macromol.\u00a02020;164(1):2558\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.117.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.117"},{"key":"988_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/EBK1439802458","volume-title":"Handbook of aqueous solubility data","author":"SH Yalkowsky","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yalkowsky SH, He Y, Jain P. Handbook of aqueous solubility data. US: CRC Press; 2016."},{"issue":"21","key":"988_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4436","DOI":"10.1021\/jp4029694","volume":"117","author":"TP Liyana-Arachchi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liyana-Arachchi TP, Hansel AK, Stevens C, Ehrenhauser FS, Valsaraj KT, Hung FR. Molecular modeling of the green leaf volatile methyl salicylate on atmospheric air\/water interfaces. J Phys Chem A. 2013;117(21):4436\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jp4029694.","journal-title":"J Phys Chem A"},{"key":"988_CR123","unstructured":"Guard\u00a0UC. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS)-Hazardous chemical data. US: 1999."}],"container-title":["Drug Delivery and Translational Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13346-021-00988-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13346-021-00988-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13346-021-00988-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]],"date-time":"2022-03-23T14:01:29Z","timestamp":1648044089000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13346-021-00988-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"references-count":123,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["988"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13346-021-00988-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2190-393X","2190-3948"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2190-393X","type":"print"},{"value":"2190-3948","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 April 2021","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 April 2021","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Choon\u00a0Fu Goh received research grants partially sponsored by THP Medical Sdn Bhd (Penang, Malaysia) under the Public-Private Research Network (PPRN) Project 2.0 co-funded by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (grant number: 304\/PFARMASI\/6314060).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}