{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T23:42:39Z","timestamp":1788910959732,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705017600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009781","name":"Australian Centre for HIV and Hepatitis Virology Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020911","name":"International Cooperation and Knowledge Exchange Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020911","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001794","name":"The University of Queensland","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oral insulin (INS) is predicted to have the most therapeutic advantages in treating diabetes to repress hepatic glucose production through its potential to mimic the endogenous insulin pathway. Many oral insulin delivery systems have been investigated. Layered double hydroxide (LDH) as an inorganic material has been widely used in drug delivery thanks to its appealing features such as good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and excellent loading capability. However, when used in oral drug delivery, the effectiveness of LDH is limited due to the acidic degradation in the stomach. In this study, to overcome these challenges, chitosan (Chi) and alginate (Alg) dual-coated LDH nanocomposites with the loading of insulin (Alg-Chi-LDH@INS) were developed by the layered-by-layered method for oral insulin delivery with dynamic size of\u2009~\u2009350.8\u00a0nm, negative charge of\u2009~\u2009\u2009\u2212\u200913.0\u00a0mV, and dispersity index 0.228. The insulin release profile was evaluated by ultraviolet\u2013visible spectroscopy. The drug release profiles evidenced that alginate and chitosan coating partially protect insulin release from a burst release in acidic conditions. The analysis using flow cytometry showed that chitosan coating significantly enhanced the uptake of LDH@INS by Caco-2 cells compared to unmodified LDH and free insulin. Further in the in vivo study in streptozocin-induced diabetic mice, a significant hypoglycemic effect was maintained following oral administration with great biocompatibility (~\u200950% blood glucose level reduction at 4\u00a0h). This research has thus provided a potential nanocomposite system for oral delivery of insulin.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p><jats:bold>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-023-01504-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T14:02:17Z","timestamp":1705068137000},"page":"2345-2355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Development of polysaccharide-coated layered double hydroxide nanocomposites for enhanced oral insulin delivery"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Huiwen","family":"Pang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youzhi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuqiang","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guojun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi Ping","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7260-5832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felicity Y.","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"18","key":"1504_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2100275","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202100275","volume":"8","author":"S Demir","year":"2021","unstructured":"Demir S, Nawroth PP, Herzig S, Ekim Ustunel B. Emerging targets in type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2021;8(18):e2100275.","journal-title":"Adv Sci (Weinh)"},{"issue":"3","key":"1504_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.2174\/1567201818666210720145706","volume":"19","author":"R Bhattacharya","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bhattacharya R, Johnson AP, Shailesh T, Rahamathulla, M, Gangadharappa HV. Strategies to improve insulin delivery through oral route: a review. Curr Drug Deliv. 2022;19(3):317\u201336.","journal-title":"Curr Drug Deliv"},{"issue":"7","key":"1504_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01418-2","volume":"27","author":"EK Sims","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sims EK, Carr ALJ, Oram RA, DiMeglio LA, Evans-Molina C. 100 years of insulin: celebrating the past, present and future of diabetes therapy. Nat Med. 2021;27(7):1154\u201364.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1504_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2021.01.001","volume":"26","author":"SK Dubey","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dubey SK, Parab S, Dabholkar N, Agrawal M, Singhvi G, Alexander A, Bapat RA, Kesharwani P. Oral peptide delivery: challenges and the way ahead. Drug Discov Today. 2021;26(4):931\u201350.","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"issue":"4","key":"1504_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1039\/D0BM01755H","volume":"9","author":"K Desale","year":"2021","unstructured":"Desale K, Kuche K, Jain S. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs): an overview of applications for improving the potential of nanotherapeutics. Biomater Sci. 2021;9(4):1153\u201388.","journal-title":"Biomater Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1504_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NR06104B","volume":"13","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Xiong GM, Ali Y, Boehm BO, Huang YY, Venkatraman S. Layer-by-layer coated nanoliposomes for oral delivery of insulin. Nanoscale. 2021;13(2):776\u201389.","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"issue":"1","key":"1504_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2022.103393","volume":"28","author":"H Pang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pang H, Huang X, Xu ZP, Chen C, Han FY. Progress in oral insulin delivery by PLGA nanoparticles for the management of diabetes. Drug Discov Today. 2023;28(1):103393.","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"issue":"1","key":"1504_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-021-01096-9","volume":"19","author":"J Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang J, Sun L, Liu J, Sun B, Li L, Xu ZP. Biomimetic 2D layered double hydroxide nanocomposites for hyperthermia-facilitated homologous targeting cancer photo-chemotherapy. J Nanobiotechnology. 2021;19(1):351.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnology"},{"issue":"2","key":"1504_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics6020298","volume":"6","author":"X Bi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bi X, Zhang H, Dou L. Layered double hydroxide-based nanocarriers for drug delivery. Pharmaceutics. 2014;6(2):298\u2013332.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"1504_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu M, Niu X, Zhang R, Xu ZP. Two-dimensional nanomaterials for tumor microenvironment modulation and anticancer therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022;187.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2022.114360"},{"issue":"2","key":"1504_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900343","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.201900343","volume":"4","author":"ZB Cao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cao ZB, Li B, Sun LY, Li L, Xu ZP, Gu Z. 2D layered double hydroxide nanoparticles: recent progress toward preclinical\/clinical nanomedicine. Small Methods. 2020;4(2):1900343.","journal-title":"Small Methods"},{"issue":"7","key":"1504_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.10.058","volume":"31","author":"K Ladewig","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ladewig K, Niebert M, Xu ZP, Gray PP, Lu GQM. Efficient siRNA delivery to mammalian cells using layered double hydroxide nanoparticles. Biomaterials. 2010;31(7):1821\u20139.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"2","key":"1504_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s10934-021-01171-4","volume":"29","author":"H Nabipour","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nabipour H, Hu Y. Layered zinc hydroxide as vehicle for drug delivery systems: a critical review. J Porous Mat. 2022;29(2):341\u201356.","journal-title":"J Porous Mat"},{"issue":"8","key":"1504_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2202396","DOI":"10.1002\/admi.202202396","volume":"10","author":"L Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li L, Warszawik E, van Rijn P. pH-triggered release and degradation mechanism of layered double hydroxides with high loading capacity. Adv Mater Interfaces. 2023;10(8):2202396.","journal-title":"Adv Mater Interfaces"},{"issue":"1","key":"1504_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ddtec.2005.05.008","volume":"2","author":"MM Issa","year":"2005","unstructured":"Issa MM, Koping-Hoggard M, Artursson P. Chitosan and the mucosal delivery of biotechnology drugs. Drug Discov Today Technol. 2005;2(1):1\u20136.","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today Technol"},{"key":"1504_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niculescu AG, Grumezescu AM. Applications of chitosan-alginate-based nanoparticles-an up-to-date review. Nanomaterials-Basel 2022;12(2).","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12020186"},{"issue":"5","key":"1504_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1038\/s41477-022-01152-8","volume":"8","author":"RG Jain","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jain RG, Fletcher SJ, Manzie N, Robinson KE, Li P, Lu E, Brosnan CA, Xu ZP, Mitter N. Foliar application of clay-delivered RNA interference for whitefly control. Nat Plants. 2022;8(5):535\u201348.","journal-title":"Nat Plants"},{"issue":"6","key":"1504_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpha.2019.08.002","volume":"9","author":"D Shah","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shah D, Guo Y, Ocando J, Shao J. FITC labeling of human insulin and transport of FITC-insulin conjugates through MDCK cell monolayer. J Pharm Anal. 2019;9(6):400\u20135.","journal-title":"J Pharm Anal"},{"issue":"18","key":"1504_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7725","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.7b01804","volume":"29","author":"C Xu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xu C, Lei C, Huang LL, Zhang J, Zhang HW, Song H, Yu MH, Wu YD, Chen C, Yu CZ. Glucose-responsive nanosystem mimicking the physiological insulin secretion via an enzyme-polymer layer-by-layer coating strategy. Chem Mater. 2017;29(18):7725\u201332.","journal-title":"Chem Mater"},{"issue":"12","key":"1504_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201503359","volume":"12","author":"W Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen W, Zhang B, Mahony T, Gu w, Rolfe B, Xu ZP. Efficient and durable vaccine against intimin beta of diarrheagenic E coli induced by clay nanoparticles. Small. 2016;12(12):1627\u201339.","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"1504_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farghali MA, Selim AM, Khater HF, Bagato N, Alharbi W, Alharbi KH, Radwan IT. Optimized adsorption and effective disposal of Congo red dye from wastewater: hydrothermal fabrication of MgAl-LDH nanohydrotalcite-like materials. Arab J Chem 2022;15(11).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2022.104171"},{"issue":"16","key":"1504_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3331","DOI":"10.1039\/C5TB00248F","volume":"3","author":"Z Gu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gu Z, Zuo HL, Li L, Wu AH, Xu ZP. Pre-coating layered double hydroxide nanoparticles with albumin to improve colloidal stability and cellular uptake. Journal of Materials Chemistry B. 2015;3(16):3331\u20139.","journal-title":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B"},{"key":"1504_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu QQ, Li QT, Xu S, Zheng QJ, Cao XD. Preparation and properties of 3D printed alginate-chitosan polyion complex hydrogels for tissue engineering. Polymers-Basel 2018;10(6).","DOI":"10.3390\/polym10060664"},{"issue":"1","key":"1504_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2010.07.053","volume":"351","author":"ML Parello","year":"2010","unstructured":"Parello ML, Rojas R, Giacomelli CE. Dissolution kinetics and mechanism of Mg-Al layered double hydroxides: a simple approach to describe drug release in acid media. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2010;351(1):134\u20139.","journal-title":"J Colloid Interface Sci"},{"key":"1504_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2020.102216","volume":"283","author":"S Mallakpour","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mallakpour S, Hatami M, Hussain CM. Recent innovations in functionalized layered double hydroxides: fabrication, characterization, and industrial applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2020;283: 102216.","journal-title":"Adv Colloid Interface Sci"},{"issue":"29","key":"1504_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18185","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c01792","volume":"5","author":"P Cao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cao P, Han FY, Grondahl L, Xu ZP, Li L. Enhanced oral vaccine efficacy of polysaccharide-coated calcium phosphate nanoparticles. ACS Omega. 2020;5(29):18185\u201397.","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"1","key":"1504_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1007\/s12257-021-0243-6","volume":"27","author":"J Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li J, Jin H, Razzak MA, Kim EJ, Choi SS. Crosslinker-free bovine serum albumin-loaded chitosan\/alginate nanocomplex for pH-responsive bursting release of oral-administered protein. Biotechnol Bioproc E. 2022;27(1):40\u201350.","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioproc E"},{"key":"1504_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2018.10.020","volume":"49","author":"R Safdar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Safdar R, Omar AA, Arunagiri A, Regupathi I, Thanabalan M. Potential of chitosan and its derivatives for controlled drug release applications - a review. J Drug Deliv Sci Tec. 2019;49:642\u201359.","journal-title":"J Drug Deliv Sci Tec"},{"issue":"31","key":"1504_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8119","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.0c00131","volume":"68","author":"Z Goktas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goktas Z, Zu Y, Abbasi M, Galyean S, Wu D, Fan Z, Wang S. Recent advances in nanoencapsulation of phytochemicals to combat obesity and its comorbidities. J Agric Food Chem. 2020;68(31):8119\u201331.","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"1504_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinorgbio.2008.12.017","volume":"103","author":"SJ Choi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Choi SJ, Oh JM, Choy JH. Toxicological effects of inorganic nanoparticles on human lung cancer A549 cells. J Inorg Biochem. 2009;103(3):463\u201371.","journal-title":"J Inorg Biochem"},{"issue":"20","key":"1504_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6162","DOI":"10.1002\/slct.202001264","volume":"5","author":"S Dutta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dutta S, Jana TK, Halder SK, Maiti R, Dutta A, Kumar A, Chatterjee K. Zn2Al-CO3 layered double hydroxide: adsorption, cytotoxicity and antibacterial performances. ChemistrySelect. 2020;5(20):6162\u201371.","journal-title":"ChemistrySelect"},{"key":"1504_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martau GA, Mihai M, Vodnar D C. The use of chitosan, alginate, and pectin in the biomedical and food sector-biocompatibility, bioadhesiveness, and biodegradability. Polymers (Basel) 2019;11(11).","DOI":"10.3390\/polym11111837"},{"key":"1504_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S129311","volume":"12","author":"H Chi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chi H, Gu Y, Xu T, Cao F. Multifunctional organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles and nanosheets based on chitosan derivative and layered double hydroxide: cellular uptake mechanism and application for topical ocular drug delivery. Int J Nanomedicine. 2017;12:1607\u201320.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine"},{"key":"1504_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30547","DOI":"10.1038\/srep30547","volume":"6","author":"VR Cunha","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cunha VR, de Souza RB, da Fonseca Martins AM, Koh IH, Constantino VR. Accessing the biocompatibility of layered double hydroxide by intramuscular implantation: histological and microcirculation evaluation. Sci Rep. 2016;6:30547.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1504_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4430","DOI":"10.1038\/srep04430","volume":"4","author":"G Choi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Choi G, Kwon OJ, Oh Y, Yun CO, Choy JH. Inorganic nanovehicle targets tumor in an orthotopic breast cancer model. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4430.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"1504_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5334","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-014-5334-x","volume":"26","author":"F Duda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Duda F, Kieke M, Waltz F, Schweinefuss ME, Badar M, Muller PP, Esser KH, Lenarz T, Behrens P, Prenzler NK. Highly biocompatible behaviour and slow degradation of a LDH (layered double hydroxide)-coating on implants in the middle ear of rabbits. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2015;26(1):5334.","journal-title":"J Mater Sci Mater Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1504_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.5650\/jos.ess18239","volume":"68","author":"I Takeuchi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Takeuchi I, Ariyama M, Makino K. Chitosan coating effect on cellular uptake of PLGA nanoparticles for boron neutron capture therapy. J Oleo Sci. 2019;68(4):361\u20138.","journal-title":"J Oleo Sci"},{"issue":"14","key":"1504_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4218","DOI":"10.1039\/C6CS00636A","volume":"46","author":"S Behzadi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Behzadi S, Serpooshan V, Tao W, Hamaly MA, Alkawareek MY, Dreaden EC, Brown D, Alkilany AM, Farokhzad OC, Mahmoudi M. Cellular uptake of nanoparticles: journey inside the cell. Chem Soc Rev. 2017;46(14):4218\u201344.","journal-title":"Chem Soc Rev"},{"key":"1504_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2018.01.073","volume":"516","author":"C Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang C, Zhang Z, Chen B, Gu L, Li Y, Yu S. Design and evaluation of galactosylated chitosan\/graphene oxide nanoparticles as a drug delivery system. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2018;516:332\u201341.","journal-title":"J Colloid Interface Sci"},{"key":"1504_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mikusova V, Mikus P. Advances in chitosan-based nanoparticles for drug delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2021;22(17).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22179652"},{"issue":"6","key":"1504_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.2174\/1573399813666170621122742","volume":"14","author":"V Kumar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kumar V, Choudhry I, Namdev A, Mishra S, Soni S, Hurkat P, Jain A, Jain D. Oral insulin: myth or reality. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2018;14(6):497\u2013508.","journal-title":"Curr Diabetes Rev"},{"key":"1504_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7861","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S323381","volume":"16","author":"X Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang X, Han SC, Chen ZX, Zhao L, Wang CD, Guo QY, Li YF, Sun Y. Layered double hydroxide modified with deoxycholic and hyaluronic acids for efficient oral insulin absorption. Int J Nanomed. 2021;16:7861\u201373.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"key":"1504_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2017.04.113","volume":"78","author":"B Xu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xu B, Jiang G, Yu W, Liu D, Liu Y, Kong X, Yao J. Preparation of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and chitosan composite nanocarriers via electrostatic self assembly for oral delivery of insulin. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2017;78:420\u20138.","journal-title":"Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl"}],"container-title":["Drug Delivery and Translational Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13346-023-01504-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13346-023-01504-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13346-023-01504-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T15:25:31Z","timestamp":1722439531000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13346-023-01504-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["1504"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13346-023-01504-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2190-393X","2190-3948"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2190-393X","type":"print"},{"value":"2190-3948","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 December 2023","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 January 2024","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Animal experiments were performed in accordance with approval from the University of Queensland Animal Ethics Committee, Australia (the approval number was 2022\/AE000346, and the date of approval was 01 Jan 2023) and were conducted in accordance with the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia\u2019s Australian Code of Practice for the Care and Use of Animals for Scientific Purposes (8th Edition, 2013).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors agreed with the final version of this manuscript and with the current submission.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}