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The studies involving ex vivo pig stomach tissue (Supplementary Information Fig. S\n                      \n                      and S\n                      \n                      ) were carried out under a permit for handling animal byproducts provided by the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries of Denmark (license: DK-123-oth-1425482).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"KL and NS are co-inventors of multiple published Biograil patents (WO2019\/121686; WO2023\/073176; WO2022\/162149; WO2023\/073176; WO2023\/144159) relevant for this paper. Biograil has other granted and pending patents.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Patents"}},{"value":"KL and NS are founders of Biograil Aps a pre-clinical stage pharmaceutical company developing the BIONDD\n                      \u00ae\n                      technology for oral delivery of biologics. NP is chief development officer at Biograil ApS. NM and MRO are employed by Biograil ApS. ECS and DB are members of Biograil ApS\u2019 Scientific Advisory Board. DB declares consultancy work on oral peptide administration with other companies. The authors declare no other competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}