{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T15:13:51Z","timestamp":1780413231891,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003661","name":"Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00418203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00418203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Seoul RISE Center","award":["2025-RISE-01-022-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-RISE-01-022-05"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res."],"DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-026-02159-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T14:44:59Z","timestamp":1780411499000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Solid microneedle booster as an enhanced microneedling platform for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Jiwoo","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinhyeok","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huisuk","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyungil","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2159_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.14624","volume":"32","author":"V Kanti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kanti V, Messenger A, Dobos G, Reygagne P, Finner A, Blumeyer A, et al. Evidence-based (S3) guideline for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in women and in men \u2013 short version. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018;32(1):11\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.14624.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"2159_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10630.x","volume":"165","author":"R Sinclair","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sinclair R, Patel M, Dawson TL Jr, Yazdabadi A, Yip L, Perez A, et al. Hair loss in women: medical and cosmetic approaches to increase scalp hair fullness. Br J Dermatol. 2011;165(Suppl 3):12\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10630.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2159_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.06279.x","volume":"152","author":"A Tosti","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tosti A, Iorizzo M, Piraccini BM. Androgenetic alopecia in children: report of 20 cases. Br J Dermatol. 2005;152(3):556\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.06279.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2159_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2006.00178.x","volume":"33","author":"BJ Kim","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kim BJ, Kim JY, Eun HC, Kwon OS, Kim MN, Ro BI. Androgenetic alopecia in adolescents: a report of 43 cases. J Dermatol. 2006;33(10):696\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2006.00178.x.","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2159_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.10011.x","volume":"164","author":"U Blume-Peytavi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Blume-Peytavi U, Blumeyer A, Tosti A, et al. S1 guideline for diagnostic evaluation in androgenetic alopecia in men, women and adolescents. Br J Dermatol. 2011;164(1):5\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.10011.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2159_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"030006051989719","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060519897190","volume":"48","author":"Q Ding","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ding Q, Xu YX, Sun WL, Liu JJ, Deng YY, Wu QF, et al. Early-onset androgenetic alopecia in China: a descriptive study of a large outpatient cohort. J Int Med Res. 2020;48(3):0300060519897190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0300060519897190.","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"2159_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S98","DOI":"10.1016\/0923-1811(94)90040-x","volume":"7","author":"S Itami","year":"1994","unstructured":"Itami S, Sonoda T, Kurata S, Takayasu S. Mechanism of action of androgen in hair follicles. J Dermatol Sci. 1994;7(Suppl):S98\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0923-1811(94)90040-x.","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"issue":"8\u20139","key":"2159_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/S0531-5565(02)00093-1","volume":"37","author":"RM Tr\u00fceb","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tr\u00fceb RM. Molecular mechanisms of androgenetic alopecia. Exp Gerontol. 2002;37(8\u20139):981\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0531-5565(02)00093-1.","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"2159_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.07.005","volume":"13","author":"S Ntshingila","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ntshingila S, Oputu O, Arowolo AT, Khumalo NP. Androgenetic alopecia: An update. JAAD Int. 2023;13:150\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.07.005.","journal-title":"JAAD Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"2159_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2021.2196","volume":"157","author":"CH Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang CH, Fu Y, Chi CC. Health-Related Quality of Life, Depression, and Self-esteem in Patients With Androgenetic Alopecia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Dermatol. 2021;157(8):963\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamadermatol.2021.2196.","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2159_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14983","volume":"22","author":"EL Aukerman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aukerman EL, Jafferany M. The psychological consequences of androgenetic alopecia: a systematic review. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2023;22(1):89\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.14983.","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2159_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1159\/000074111","volume":"207","author":"RM Tr\u00fceb","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tr\u00fceb RM. Is androgenetic alopecia a photoaggravated dermatosis? Dermatology. 2003;207(4):343\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000074111.","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"12","key":"2159_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2671","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30395","volume":"139","author":"WQ Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li WQ, Cho E, Han J, Weinstock MA, Qureshi AA. Male pattern baldness and risk of incident skin cancer in a cohort of men. Int J Cancer. 2016;139(12):2671\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.30395.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2159_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6904-6-7","volume":"6","author":"B Rahimi-Ardabili","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rahimi-Ardabili B, Pourandarjani R, Habibollahi P, Mualeki A. Finasteride induced depression: a prospective study. BMC Clin Pharmacol. 2006;6:7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6904-6-7.","journal-title":"BMC Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2159_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2010.02157.x","volume":"8","author":"AM Traish","year":"2011","unstructured":"Traish AM, Hassani J, Guay AT, Zitzmann M, Hansen ML. Adverse side effects of 5\u03b1-reductase inhibitors therapy: persistent diminished libido and erectile dysfunction and depression in a subset of patients. J Sex Med. 2011;8(3):872\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2010.02157.x.","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2159_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2011.02255.x","volume":"8","author":"MS Irwig","year":"2011","unstructured":"Irwig MS, Kolukula S. Persistent sexual side effects of finasteride for male pattern hair loss. J Sex Med. 2011;8(6):1747\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2011.02255.x.","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2159_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2004.01.002","volume":"34","author":"JH Han","year":"2004","unstructured":"Han JH, Kwon OS, Chung JH, Cho KH, Eun HC, Kim KH. Effect of minoxidil on proliferation and apoptosis in dermal papilla cells of human hair follicle. J Dermatol Sci. 2004;34(2):91\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2004.01.002.","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2159_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02115.x","volume":"138","author":"S Lachgar","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lachgar S, Charveron M, Gall Y, Bonafe JL. Minoxidil upregulates the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in human hair dermal papilla cells. Br J Dermatol. 1998;138(3):407\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02115.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2159_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajps.2022.04.003","volume":"17","author":"Y Gu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gu Y, Bian Q, Zhou Y, Huang Q, Gao J. Hair follicle-targeting drug delivery strategies for the management of hair follicle-associated disorders. Asian J Pharm Sci. 2022;17(3):333\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajps.2022.04.003.","journal-title":"Asian J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"2159_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2777","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S214907","volume":"13","author":"P Suchonwanit","year":"2019","unstructured":"Suchonwanit P, Thammarucha S, Leerunyakul K. Minoxidil and its use in hair disorders: a review. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2019;13:2777\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/DDDT.S214907.","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"2159_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2775","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-023-02688-1","volume":"315","author":"P Abdi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abdi P, Awad C, Anthony MR, Farkouh C, Kenny B, Maibach HI, Ogunyemi B. Efficacy and safety of combinational therapy using topical minoxidil and microneedling for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Dermatol Res. 2023;315(10):2775\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00403-023-02688-1.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2159_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-7753.114700","volume":"5","author":"R Dhurat","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dhurat R, Sukesh MS, Avhad G, Dandale A, Pal A, Pund P. A randomized evaluator blinded study of effect of microneedling in androgenetic alopecia: a pilot study. Int J Trichology. 2013;5(1):6\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0974-7753.114700.","journal-title":"Int J Trichology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2159_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2016.28.5.586","volume":"28","author":"YS Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim YS, Jeong KH, Kim JE, Woo YJ, Kim BJ, Kang H. Repeated Microneedle Stimulation Induces Enhanced Hair Growth in a Murine Model. Ann Dermatol. 2016;28(5):586\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5021\/ad.2016.28.5.586.","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2159_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.185468","volume":"7","author":"A Singh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Singh A, Yadav S. Microneedling: advances and widening horizons. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2016;7(4):244\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2229-5178.185468.","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2159_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.3938\/jkps.56.1223","volume":"56","author":"JH Park","year":"2010","unstructured":"Park JH, Prausnitz MR. Analysis of Mechanical Failure of Polymer Microneedles by Axial Force. J Korean Phys Soc. 2010;56(4):1223\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3938\/jkps.56.1223.","journal-title":"J Korean Phys Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"2159_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics7030090","volume":"7","author":"K Ita","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ita K. Transdermal Delivery of Drugs with Microneedles-Potential and Challenges. Pharmaceutics. 2015;7(3):90\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics7030090. Published 2015 Jun 29.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2159_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-021-00611-9","volume":"13","author":"P Makvandi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Makvandi P, Kirkby M, Hutton ARJ, Shabani M, Yiu CKY, Baghbantaraghdari Z, et al. Engineering Microneedle Patches for Improved Penetration: Analysis, Skin Models and Factors Affecting Needle Insertion. Nanomicro Lett. 2021;13(1):93. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40820-021-00611-9.","journal-title":"Nanomicro Lett"},{"issue":"4","key":"2159_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.4103\/JCAS.JCAS_130_17","volume":"11","author":"MK Kumar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kumar MK, Inamadar AC, Palit AA, Randomized Controlled. Single-Observer Blinded Study to Determine the Efficacy of Topical Minoxidil plus Microneedling versus Topical Minoxidil Alone in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia. J Cutan Aesthet Surg. 2018;11(4):211\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/JCAS.JCAS_130_17.","journal-title":"J Cutan Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"2159_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2008.12.008","volume":"36","author":"MM Badran","year":"2009","unstructured":"Badran MM, Kuntsche J, Fahr A. Skin penetration enhancement by a microneedle device (Dermaroller) in vitro: dependency on needle size and applied formulation. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2009;36(4\u20135):511\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2008.12.008.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"2159_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.2174\/1567201812666150304123150","volume":"12","author":"BN Nalluri","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nalluri BN, Anusha SSV, Bramhini SR, Amulya J, Sultana ASK, Teja CU, et al. In Vitro Skin Permeation Enhancement of Sumatriptan by Microneedle Application. Curr Drug Deliv. 2015;12(6):761\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1567201812666150304123150.","journal-title":"Curr Drug Deliv"},{"issue":"11","key":"2159_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.3390\/mi12111321","volume":"12","author":"M Avcil","year":"2021","unstructured":"Avcil M, \u00c7elik A. Microneedles in Drug Delivery: Progress and Challenges. Micromachines. 2021;12(11):1321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mi12111321.","journal-title":"Micromachines"},{"issue":"2","key":"2159_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14020347","volume":"14","author":"R Murty","year":"2022","unstructured":"Murty R, Sankaranarayanan A, Bowland II, Mena-Lapaix J, Prausnitz MR. Angled Insertion of Microneedles for Targeted Antigen Delivery to the Epidermis. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(2):347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics14020347.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"2159_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2023.02.001","volume":"160","author":"C Jeon","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jeon C, Choi J, Shin J, Min HS, Nam J, Jeon S, et al. Micro-pillar tunnel stamp for enhanced transdermal delivery of topical drug formulations. Acta Biomater. 2023;160:112\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actbio.2023.02.001.","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"key":"2159_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7914","DOI":"10.1038\/srep07914","volume":"5","author":"SF Lahiji","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lahiji SF, Dangol M, Jung H. A patchless dissolving microneedle delivery system enabling rapid and efficient transdermal drug delivery. Sci Rep. 2015;5:7914. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep07914.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2159_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2025.114936","volume":"259","author":"N Yolai","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yolai N, Shu W, O\u2019cearbhaill ED, Modchang C, Annaidh AN. Finite element analysis of polymeric microneedle insertion into skin. Mater Des. 2025;259:114936. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matdes.2025.114936.","journal-title":"Mater Des"},{"issue":"1","key":"2159_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600750107","volume":"75","author":"PP Sarpotdar","year":"1986","unstructured":"Sarpotdar PP, Gaskill JL, Giannini RP. Effect of Polyethlene Glycol 400 on the Penetration of Drugs Through Human Cadaver Skin In Vitro. J Pharm Sci. 1986;75(1):26\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jps.2600750107.","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"2159_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2907","DOI":"10.3390\/polym12122907","volume":"12","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Lane ME, Moore DJ. An Investigation of the Influence of PEG 400 and PEG-6-Caprylic\/Capric Glycerides on Dermal Delivery of Niacinamide. Polymers. 2020;12(12):2907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym12122907.","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"issue":"21","key":"2159_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12234","DOI":"10.1039\/d0ra01692f","volume":"10","author":"R Gupta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gupta R, Badhe Y, Rai B, Mitragotri S. Molecular Mechanism of the Skin Permeation Enhancing Effect of Ethanol: A Molecular Dynamics Study. RSC Adv. 2020;10(21):12234\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d0ra01692f.","journal-title":"RSC Adv"}],"container-title":["Drug Delivery and Translational Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13346-026-02159-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13346-026-02159-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13346-026-02159-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T14:45:00Z","timestamp":1780411500000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13346-026-02159-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["2159"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13346-026-02159-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["2190-393X","2190-3948"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2190-393X","type":"print"},{"value":"2190-3948","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}