{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:07:22Z","timestamp":1791418042654,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]],"date-time":"2015-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430438400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Neurovirol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-015-0338-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,30]],"date-time":"2015-04-30T09:37:11Z","timestamp":1430386631000},"page":"653-665","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Human polyomavirus JC replication and non-coding control region analysis in multiple sclerosis patients under natalizumab treatment"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Valeria","family":"Pietropaolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bellizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Anzivino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Iannetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Antonella","family":"Zingaropoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donatella Maria","family":"Rodio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Morreale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Pontecorvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ada","family":"Francia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Vullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Teresa","family":"Palamara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Rosa","family":"Ciardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"338_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.34.1.159-164.1996","volume":"34","author":"HT Agostini","year":"1996","unstructured":"Agostini HT, Ryschkewitsch CF, Stoner GL (1996) Genotype profile of human polyomavirus JC excreted in urine of immunocompetent individuals. J Clin Microbiol 34:159\u2013164","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"338_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-82-5-1221","volume":"82","author":"HT Agostini","year":"2001","unstructured":"Agostini HT, Deckhut A, Jobes DV, Girones R, Schlunck G, Prost MG, Frias C, P\u00e9rez-Trallero E, Ryschkewitsch CF, Stoner GL (2001) Genotypes of JC virus in East, Central and Southwest Europe. J Gen Virol 82:1221\u20131331","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"338_CR3","unstructured":"AIFA (2010) Nota informativa sul Tysabri\u00ae In: AIFA - Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco. Available via DIALOG. http:\/\/www.agenziafarmaco.gov.it\/it\/content\/nota-informativa-importante-su-tysabri-natalizumab-18022010 . Accessed 17 Oct 2014"},{"key":"338_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.2103","volume":"66","author":"L Andreoletti","year":"2002","unstructured":"Andreoletti L, Lescieux A, Lambert V, Si-Mohamed A, Matta M, Wattr\u00e9 P, Belec L (2002) Semiquantitative detection of JCV-DNA in peripheral blood leukocytes from HIV-1-infected patients with or without progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Med Virol 66:1\u20137","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"338_CR5","author":"A Bellizzi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bellizzi A, Anzivino E, Rodio DM, Palamara AT, Nencioni L, Pietropaolo V (2013) New insights on human polyomavirus JC and pathogenesis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Clin Dev Immunol. doi: 10.1155\/2013\/839719","journal-title":"Clin Dev Immunol"},{"key":"338_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21630","volume":"65","author":"JR Berger","year":"2009","unstructured":"Berger JR, Houff S (2009) Opportunistic infections and other risks with newer multiple sclerosis therapies. Ann Neurol 65:367\u2013377","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"338_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1107829","volume":"366","author":"G Bloomgren","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bloomgren G, Richman S, Hotermans C, Subramanyam M, Goelz S, Natarajan A, Lee S, Plavina T, Scanlon JV, Sandrock A, Bozic C (2012) Risk of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. N Engl J Med 366:1870\u20131880","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"338_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1991.tb01594.x","volume":"34","author":"A B\u00f8yum","year":"1991","unstructured":"B\u00f8yum A, L\u00f8vhaug D, Tresland L, Nordlie EM (1991) Separation of leucocytes: improved cell purity by fine adjustments of gradient medium density and osmolality. Scand J Immunol 34:697\u2013712","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"338_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.164","volume":"6","author":"BJ Brew","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brew BJ, Davies NW, Cinque P, Clifford DB, Nath A (2010) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and other forms of JC virus disease. Nat Rev Neurol 6:667\u2013679","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"338_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0904267","volume":"361","author":"Y Chen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chen Y, Bord E, Tompkins T, Miller J, Tan CS, Kinkel RP, Stein MC, Viscidi RP, Ngo LH, Koralnik IJ (2009) Asymptomatic reactivation of JC virus in patients treated with natalizumab. N Engl J Med 361:1067\u20131074","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"338_CR11","unstructured":"ClustalW2 (2014) Multiple sequence alignment. Available via DIALOG. http:\/\/www.ebi.ac.uk\/Tools\/msa\/clustalw2\/ . Accessed 17 Oct 2014"},{"key":"338_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5909","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803418","volume":"182","author":"C Coisne","year":"2009","unstructured":"Coisne C, Mao W, Engelhardt B (2009) Cutting edge: natalizumab blocks adhesion but not initial contact of human T cells to the blood-brain barrier in vivo in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. J Immunol 182:5909\u20135913","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"338_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2008.08.006","volume":"44","author":"C Costa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Costa C, Bergallo M, Sidoti F, Astegiano S, Terlizzi ME, Mazzucco G, Segoloni GP, Cavallo R (2009) Polyomaviruses BK- and JC-DNA quantitation in kidney allograft biopsies. J Clin Virol 44:20\u201323","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"338_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21313","volume":"80","author":"S Delbue","year":"2008","unstructured":"Delbue S, Branchetti E, Boldorini R, Vago L, Zerbi P, Veggiani C, Tremolada S, Ferrante P (2008) Presence and expression of JCV early gene large T antigen in the brains of immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. J Med Virol 80:2147\u20132152","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"338_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.05031-11","volume":"25","author":"MW Ferenczy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ferenczy MW, Marshall LJ, Nelson CD, Atwood WJ, Nath A, Khalili K, Major EO (2012) Molecular biology, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, the JC virus-induced demyelinating disease of the human brain. Clin Microbiol Rev 25:471\u2013506","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"338_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(91)90069-N","volume":"180","author":"T Flaegstad","year":"1991","unstructured":"Flaegstad T, Sundsfjord A, Arthur RR, Pedersen M, Traavik T, Subramani S (1991) Amplification and sequencing of the control regions of BK and JC virus from human urine by polymerase chain reaction. Virology 180:553\u2013560","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"338_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.51.2.458-469.1984","volume":"51","author":"RJ Frisque","year":"1984","unstructured":"Frisque RJ, Bream GL, Cannella MT (1984) Human polyomavirus JC virus genome. J Virol 51:458\u2013469","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"338_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22128","volume":"68","author":"L Gorelik","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gorelik L, Lerner M, Bixler S, Crossman M, Schlain B, Simon K, Pace A, Cheung A, Chen LL, Berman M, Zein F, Wilson E, Yednock T, Sandrock A, Goelz SE, Subramanyam M (2010) Anti-JC virus antibodies: implications for PML risk stratification. Ann Neurol 68:295\u2013303","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"338_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280152537102","volume":"7","author":"PN Jensen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jensen PN, Major EO (2001) A classification scheme for human polyomavirus JCV variants based on the nucleotide sequence of the noncoding regulatory region. J Neurovirol 7:280\u2013287","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"338_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.1007\/s007050170023","volume":"146","author":"DV Jobes","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jobes DV, Friedlaender JS, Mgone CS, Agostini HT, Koki G, Yanagihara R, Ng TCN, Chima SC, Ryschkewitsch CF, Stoner GL (2001) New JC virus (JCV) genotypes from papua new guinea and micronesia (type 8 and type 2E) and evolutionary analysis of 32 complete JCV genomes. Arch Virol 146:2097\u20132113","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"338_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000363","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000363","volume":"5","author":"JM Kean","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kean JM, Rao S, Wang M, Garcea RL (2009) Seroepidemiology of human polyomaviruses. PLoS Pathog 5:e1000363","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"338_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1922","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181a8266f","volume":"72","author":"P Kivisakk","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kivisakk P, Healy BC, Viglietta V, Quintana FJ, Hootstein MA (2009) Natalizumab treatment is associated with peripheral sequestration of proinflammatory T cells. Neurology 72:1922\u20131930","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"338_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051782","volume":"353","author":"BK Kleinschmidt-DeMasters","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Tyler KL (2005) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy complicating treatment with natalizumab and interferon beta-1a for multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 353:369\u2013374","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"338_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(199607)49:3<199::AID-JMV7>3.0.CO;2-#","volume":"49","author":"KU Kumar","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kumar KU, Tang SC, Pater MM, Pater A (1996) Glial and muscle embryonal carcinoma cell-specific independent regulation of expression of human JC virus early promoter by cyclic AMP response elements and adjacent nuclear factor 1 binding sites. J Med Virol 49:199\u2013204","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"338_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.11.1444","volume":"33","author":"JF Kurtzke","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kurtzke JF (1983) Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Neurology 33:1444\u20131452","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"338_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051847","volume":"353","author":"A Langer-Gould","year":"2005","unstructured":"Langer-Gould A, Atlas SW, Green AJ, Bollen AW, Pelletier D (2005) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient treated with natalizumab. N Engl J Med 353:375\u2013381","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"338_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-012-9366-z","volume":"7","author":"A Laroni","year":"2012","unstructured":"Laroni A, Giacomazzi CG, Grimaldi L, Gallo P, Sormani MP, Bertolotto A, McDermott JL, Gandoglia I, Martini I, Vitello G, Rinaldi F, Barzon L, Militello V, Pizzorno M, Bandini F, Capello E, Pal\u00f9 G, Uccelli A, Mancardi GL, Varnier OE (2012) Urinary JCV-DNA testing during natalizumab treatment may increase accuracy of PML risk stratification. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 7:665\u2013672","journal-title":"J Neuroimmune Pharmacol"},{"key":"338_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2007.11.007","volume":"194","author":"RL Lindberg","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lindberg RL, Achtnichts L, Hoffmann F, Kuhle J, Kappos L (2008) Natalizumab alters transcriptional expression profiles of blood cell subpopulations of multiple sclerosis patients. J Neuroimmunol 194:153\u2013164","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"338_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp0906248","volume":"361","author":"EO Major","year":"2009","unstructured":"Major EO (2009) Reemergence of PML in natalizumab-treated patients\u2014new cases, same concerns. N Engl J Med 361:1041\u20131043","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"338_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.080708.082655","volume":"61","author":"EO Major","year":"2010","unstructured":"Major EO (2010) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients on immunomodulatory therapies. Annu Rev Med 61:35\u201347","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"338_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-10-248","volume":"10","author":"R Mancuso","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mancuso R, Saresella M, Hernis A, Marventano I, Ricci C, Agostini S, Rovaris M, Caputo D, Clerici M (2012) JC virus detection and JC virus-specific immunity in natalizumab-treated multiple sclerosis patients. J Transl Med 10:248. doi: 10.1186\/1479-5876-10-248","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"338_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/167.1.13","volume":"167","author":"RB Markowitz","year":"1993","unstructured":"Markowitz RB, Thompson HC, Mueller JF, Cohen JA, Dynan WS (1993) Incidence of BK virus and JC virus viruria in human immunodeficiency virus infected and uninfected subjects. J Infect Dis 167:13\u201320","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"338_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-010-9203-1","volume":"5","author":"LJ Marshall","year":"2010","unstructured":"Marshall LJ, Major EO (2010) Molecular regulation of JC virus tropism: insights into potential therapeutic targets for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 5:404\u2013417","journal-title":"J Neuroimmune Pharmacol"},{"key":"338_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.035832-0","volume":"93","author":"LJ Marshall","year":"2012","unstructured":"Marshall LJ, Moore LD, Mirsky MM, Major EO (2012) JC virus promoter\/enhancers contain TATA box-associated Spi-Bbinding sites that support early viral gene expression in primary astrocytes. J Gen Virol 93:651\u2013661","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"338_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280701381324","volume":"13","author":"A Marzocchetti","year":"2007","unstructured":"Marzocchetti A, Sanguinetti M, Giambenedetto SD, Cingolani A, Fadda G, Cauda R, De Luca A (2007) Characterization of JC virus in cerebrospinal fluid from HIV-1 infected patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: insights into viral pathogenesis and disease prognosis. J Neurovirol 13:338\u2013346","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"338_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181c0d4a1","volume":"73","author":"A Marzocchetti","year":"2009","unstructured":"Marzocchetti A, Tompkins T, Clifford DB, Gandhi RT, Kesari S, Berger JR, Simpson DM, Prosperi M, De Luca A, Koralnik IJ (2009) Determinants of survival in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Neurology 73:1551\u20131558","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"338_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9687","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.20.9687-9695.2001","volume":"75","author":"MC Monaco","year":"2001","unstructured":"Monaco MC, Sabath BF, Durham LC, Major EO (2001) JC virus multiplication in human hematopoietic progenitor cells requires the NF-1 class D transcription factor. J Virol 75:9687\u20139695","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"338_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1517\/14712590903055011","volume":"9","author":"F Neumann","year":"2009","unstructured":"Neumann F, Zohren F, Haas R (2009) The role of natalizumab in hematopoietic stem cell mobilization. Expert Opin Biol Ther 9:1099\u20131106","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"key":"338_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(71)91777-6","volume":"1","author":"BL Padgett","year":"1971","unstructured":"Padgett BL, Walker DL, Zu Rhein GM, Echroade RJ, Dessel BH (1971) Cultivation of papova-like virus from human brain with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Lancet 1:1257\u20131260","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"338_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1080\/714044482","volume":"9","author":"V Pietropaolo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pietropaolo V, Videtta M, Fioriti D, Mischitelli M, Arancio A, Orsi N, Degener AM (2003) Rearrangement patterns of JC virus noncoding control region from different biological samples. J Neurovirol 9:603\u2013611","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"338_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22107","volume":"68","author":"RA Rudick","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rudick RA, O\u2019Connor PW, Polman CH, Goodman AD, Ray SS, Griffith NM, Jurgensen SA, Gorelik L, Forrestal F, Sandrock AW, Goelz S (2010) Assessment of JC virus DNA in blood and urine from natalizumab-treated patients. Ann Neurol 68:304\u2013310","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"338_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-009-5444-4","volume":"257","author":"SA Sadiq","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sadiq SA, Puccio LM, Brydon EW (2010) JCV detection in multiple sclerosis patients treated with natalizumab. J Neurol 257:954\u2013958","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"338_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1996.8409","volume":"228","author":"T Shinohara","year":"1997","unstructured":"Shinohara T, Nagashima K, Major EO (1997) Propagation of the human polyomavirus JCV in human neuroblastoma cell lines. Virology 228:269\u2013277","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"338_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511435105","volume":"18","author":"PS S\u00f8rensen","year":"2012","unstructured":"S\u00f8rensen PS, Bertolotto A, Edan G, Giovannoni G, Gold R, Havrdova E, Kappos L, Kieseier BC, Montalban X, Olsson T (2012) Risk stratification for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients treated with natalizumab. Mult Scler 18:143\u2013152","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"338_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20858","volume":"59","author":"O Stuve","year":"2006","unstructured":"Stuve O, Marra CM, Jerome KR, Cook L, Cravens PD (2006) Immune surveillance in multiple sclerosis patients treated with natalizumab. Ann Neurol 59:743\u2013747","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"338_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70040-5","volume":"9","author":"CS Tan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tan CS, Koralnik IJ (2010) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and other disorders caused by JC virus: clinical features and pathogenesis. Lancet Neurol 9:425\u2013437","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"338_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9200","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00609-10","volume":"84","author":"CS Tan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tan CS, Ellis LC, Wuthrich C, Ngo L, Broge TA Jr, Saint-Aubyn J, Miller JS, Koralnik IJ (2010) JC virus latency in the brain and extraneural organs of patients with and without progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Virol 84:9200\u20139209","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"338_CR48","unstructured":"TYSABRI Safety Update. (2015). Available via DIALOG https:\/\/medinfo.biogenidec.com\/medinfo\/secure\/pmlresource.do?resource=TYSABRIPMLSafetyUpdate . Accessed Jan 2015"},{"key":"338_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051586","volume":"353","author":"G Assche Van","year":"2005","unstructured":"Van Assche G, Van Ranst M, Sciot R, Dubois B, Vermeire S, Noman M, Verbeeck J, Geboes K, Robberecht W, Rutgeerts P (2005) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after natalizumab therapy for Crohn\u2019s disease. N Engl J Med 353:362\u2013368","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"338_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2010.09.021","volume":"231","author":"R Weissert","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weissert R (2011) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Neuroimmunol 231:73\u201377","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"338_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3139","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.64.6.3139-3143.1990","volume":"64","author":"Y Yogo","year":"1990","unstructured":"Yogo Y, Kitamura T, Sugimoto C, Ueki T, Aso Y, Hara K, Taguchi F (1990) Isolation of a possible archetypal JC virus DNA sequence from nonimmunocompromised individuals. J Virol 64:3139\u20133143","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"338_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3893","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-10-120329","volume":"111","author":"F Zohren","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zohren F, Toutzaris D, Klarner V, Hartung HP, Kieseier B, Haas R (2008) The monoclonal anti-VLA-4 antibody natalizumab mobilizes CD34 + hematopoietic progenitor cells in humans. Blood 111:3893\u20133895","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["Journal of NeuroVirology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13365-015-0338-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13365-015-0338-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13365-015-0338-y","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T12:27:06Z","timestamp":1598963226000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13365-015-0338-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["338"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13365-015-0338-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1355-0284","1538-2443"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1355-0284","type":"print"},{"value":"1538-2443","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]]}}}