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Neurovirol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cognition was assessed in hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients, who did not meet the criteria for a minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Their liver function was compensated. We then disentangled potential cognitive changes associated with a sustained virologic response at 12\u00a0weeks (SVR-12), following treatment with direct antiviral agents (DAAs). We studied 23 selected HCV patients with a battery of standard neuropsychological tests, and with recordings of the P300 wave, a cerebral potential of \u201ccognitive\u201d significance. There was a baseline evaluation (T0) and a second one 6\u00a0months later (T1). We had 2 control groups of comparable age and sex, i.e., 15 patients suffering from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and 15 healthy subjects. At T0, we detected a significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) cognitive impairment in the HCV group, which involved episodic and working memory, attention, visuospatial and verbal abilities, executive functions, and logic reasoning. The P300 latency was significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) delayed in the group. At T1, we observed some significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) HCV recovery in given test domains, e.g., memory, executive functions, and reasoning. Accordingly, the P300 latency shortened significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). HCV patients exhibited subtle cognitive defects, somehow independent of their liver condition, possibly linked to direct or indirect brain involvement by the virus. These defects partly recovered following the SVR-12, as achieved through DAAs. The P300 wave was a valid neurophysiologic counterpart of these changes. DAAs can have a role in the early preservation of cognition in HCVs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-020-00904-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T14:05:21Z","timestamp":1599746721000},"page":"870-879","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Direct antivirals and cognitive impairment in hepatitis C: a clinical-neurophysiologic study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Gloria","family":"Vaghi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedetta","family":"Gori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4115-3874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gionata","family":"Strigaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michela","family":"Burlone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosalba","family":"Minisini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo N.","family":"Barbaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Brigatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Varrasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Pirisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Cantello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"904_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2014.06.007","volume":"5","author":"P Amodio","year":"2015","unstructured":"Amodio P, Montagnese S (2015) Clinical neurophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy. 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