{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T12:44:12Z","timestamp":1774442652930,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Neurovirol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-021-00984-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T17:21:08Z","timestamp":1622136068000},"page":"802-805","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome associated with COVID-19: a case report study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Javad Hosseini","family":"Nejad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Heiat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Javad","family":"Hosseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fakhri","family":"Allahyari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Lashkari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raheleh","family":"Torabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Ranjbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"984_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Allahyari F, Hosseinzadeh R, Nejad JH, Heiat M, Ranjbar R. A case report of simultaneous autoimmune and COVID-19 encephalitis. J Neurovirol. 2021 Apr 26:1\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13365-021-00978-w. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33904138; PMCID: PMC8075017","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-021-00978-w"},{"key":"984_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2020.05.003","volume":"131","author":"S Arnaud","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arnaud S, Budowski C, Ng Wing Tin S, Degos B (2020) Post SARS-CoV-2 Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome. Clin Neurophysiol 131:1652\u20131654","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"984_CR3","first-page":"311","volume":"70","author":"FJ Carod-Artal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Carod-Artal FJ (2020) Neurological complications of coronavirus and COVID-19. Rev Neurol 70:311\u2013322","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"key":"984_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El Otmani H, El Moutawakil B, Rafai MA, El Benna N, El Kettani C, Soussi M, El Mdaghri N, Barrou H, Afif H (2020) Covid-19 and Guillain-Barre syndrome: more than a coincidence! Rev Neurol (Paris)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2020.04.007"},{"key":"984_CR5","unstructured":"Galan AV, Saucedo PDS, Postigo FP, Paniagua EB (2020) Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Neurologia"},{"key":"984_CR6","first-page":"6","volume":"28","author":"M Halaji","year":"2020","unstructured":"Halaji M, Farahani A, Ranjbar R, Heiat M, Dehkordi FS (2020) Emerging coronaviruses: first SARS, second MERS and third SARS-CoV-2: epidemiological updates of COVID-19. Infez Med 28:6\u201317","journal-title":"Infez Med"},{"key":"984_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hosseini MJ, Halaji M, Nejad JH, Ranjbar R. Central nervous system vasculopathy associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): a novel case report from Iran. J Neurovirol. 2021 Apr 19:1\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13365-021-00979-9. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33876411; PMCID: PMC8054843","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-021-00979-9"},{"key":"984_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamel WA, Ibrahim Ismail I, Al-Hashel JY (2021) Guillain-Barre syndrome following COVID-19 Infection: first case report from Kuwait and review of the literature. Dubai Med J","DOI":"10.1159\/000513382"},{"key":"984_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2017.13.3.227","volume":"13","author":"JE Kim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim JE, Heo JH, Kim HO, Song SH, Park SS, Park TH, Ahn JY, Kim MK, Choi JP (2017) Neurological complications during treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome. J Clin Neurol (Seoul, Korea) 13:227\u2013233","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol (Seoul, Korea)"},{"key":"984_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meshref M, Alshammari HA, Khairat SM, Khan R, Khan I (2021) Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: a case report with review of literature. Cureus 13:e13096","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.13096"},{"key":"984_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-020-01389-2","volume":"40","author":"P Neri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Neri P, Pichi F (2020) COVID-19 and the eye immunity: lesson learned from the past and possible new therapeutic insights. Int Ophthalmol 40:1057\u20131060","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"984_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Padroni M, Mastrangelo V, Asioli GM, Pavolucci L, Abu-Rumeileh S, Piscaglia MG, Querzani P, Callegarini C, Foschi M (2020) Guillain-Barre syndrome following COVID-19: new infection, old complication? J Neurol","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-09849-6"},{"key":"984_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3149","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04693-y","volume":"41","author":"K Rahimi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rahimi K (2020) Guillain-Barre syndrome during COVID-19 pandemic: an overview of the reports. Neurol Sci 41:3149\u20133156","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"984_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scheidl E, Canseco DD, Hadji-Naumov A, Bereznai B (2020) Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a case report and review of recent literature. J Peripher Nerv Syst","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12382"},{"key":"984_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sedaghat Z, Karimi N (2020) Guillain Barre syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: a case report. J Clin Neurosci","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.04.062"},{"key":"984_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sheikhshahrokh A, Ranjbar R, Saeidi E, Dehkordi FS, Heiat M, Ghasemi-Dehkordi P, Goodarzi H (2020) Frontier therapeutics and vaccine strategies for sars-cov-2 (COVID-19): A review. Iran J Public Health 49:18\u201329","DOI":"10.18502\/ijph.v49iS1.3666"},{"key":"984_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Toscano G, Palmerini F, Ravaglia S, Ruiz L, Invernizzi P, Cuzzoni MG, Franciotta D, Baldanti F, Daturi R, Postorino P, Cavallini A, Micieli G (2020) Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2. N Engl J Med","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2009191"},{"key":"984_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1159\/000052111","volume":"45","author":"FGA van der Mech\u00e9","year":"2001","unstructured":"van der Mech\u00e9 FGA, van Doorn PA, Meulstee J, Jennekens FGI (2001) Diagnostic and classification criteria for the Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome. Eur Neurol 45:133\u2013139","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"984_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2020.e00771","volume":"20","author":"A Virani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Virani A, Rabold E, Hanson T, Haag A, Elrufay R, Cheema T, Balaan M, Bhanot N (2020) Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. IDCases 20:e00771","journal-title":"IDCases"},{"key":"984_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00339-1","volume":"388","author":"HJ Willison","year":"2016","unstructured":"Willison HJ, Jacobs BC, van Doorn PA (2016) Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome. Lancet 388:717\u2013727","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"984_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2294","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1114525","volume":"366","author":"N Yuki","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yuki N, Hartung H-P (2012) Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome. N Engl J Med 366:2294\u20132304","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"984_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30109-5","volume":"19","author":"H Zhao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao H, Shen D, Zhou H, Liu J, Chen S (2020) Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: causality or coincidence? Lancet Neurol 19:383\u2013384","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"984_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou Z, Kang H, Li S, Zhao X (2020) Understanding the neurotropic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2: from neurological manifestations of COVID-19 to potential neurotropic mechanisms. J Neurol 1\u20136","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-09929-7"},{"key":"984_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zito A, Alfonsi E, Franciotta D, Todisco M, Gastaldi M, Cotta Ramusino M, Ceroni M, Costa A (2020) COVID-19 and Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome: a case report and review of literature. Front Neurol 11","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00909"},{"key":"984_CR25","first-page":"203","volume":"72","author":"P Zuberbuhler","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zuberbuhler P, Conti ME, Leon-Cejas L, Maximiliano-Gonzalez F, Bonardo P, Miquelini A, Halfon J, Martinez J, Gutierrez MV, Reisin R (2021) Guillain-Barre syndrome associated to COVID-19 infection: a review of published case reports. Rev Neurol 72:203\u2013212","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"}],"container-title":["Journal of NeuroVirology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13365-021-00984-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13365-021-00984-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13365-021-00984-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]],"date-time":"2021-11-18T14:23:23Z","timestamp":1637245403000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13365-021-00984-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["984"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13365-021-00984-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1355-0284","1538-2443"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1355-0284","type":"print"},{"value":"1538-2443","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 February 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 March 2021","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 April 2021","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 May 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written consent for publication of this case report and clinical details or any accompanying images was obtained from the patient.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}