{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,13]],"date-time":"2026-11-13T11:21:01Z","timestamp":1794568861081,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Duke University Press","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,28]],"date-time":"2011-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>High rates of incarceration among American men, coupled with high rates of fatherhood among men in prison, have motivated recent research on the effects of parental imprisonment on children\u2019s development. We use data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study to examine the relationship between paternal incarceration and developmental outcomes for approximately 3,000 urban children. We estimate cross-sectional and longitudinal regression models that control not only for fathers\u2019 basic demographic characteristics and a rich set of potential confounders, but also for several measures of pre-incarceration child development and family fixed effects. We find significant increases in aggressive behaviors and some evidence of increased attention problems among children whose fathers are incarcerated. The estimated effects of paternal incarceration are stronger than those of other forms of father absence, suggesting that children with incarcerated fathers may require specialized support from caretakers, teachers, and social service providers. The estimated effects are stronger for children who lived with their fathers prior to incarceration but are also significant for children of nonresident fathers, suggesting that incarceration places children at risk through family hardships including and beyond parent-child separation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-011-0081-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,27]],"date-time":"2011-12-27T16:10:22Z","timestamp":1325002222000},"page":"49-76","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":260,"title":["Beyond Absenteeism: Father Incarceration and Child Development"],"prefix":"10.1215","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Amanda","family":"Geller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia Population Research Center, Columbia University Schools of Social Work and Law, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carey E.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irwin","family":"Garfinkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia Population Research Center, Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ofira","family":"Schwartz-Soicher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald B.","family":"Mincy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"73","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021031200351063800_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2816","article-title":"Meta-analysis of neurobehavioral outcomes in very preterm and\/or very low birth weight children","volume":"124","author":"Aarnoudse-Moens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2021031200351063800_CR2","volume-title":"Manual for the AESBA preschool forms and profiles","author":"Achenbach","year":"2000"},{"key":"2021031200351063800_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511616259.009","article-title":"Marital discord, divorce, and children\u2019s well-being: Results from a 20-year longitudinal study of two generations","volume-title":"Families count: Effects on child and adolescent development","author":"Amato","year":"2006"},{"key":"2021031200351063800_CR4","volume-title":"Code of the street: Decency, violence, and the moral life of the inner city","author":"Anderson","year":"1999"},{"key":"2021031200351063800_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-3729.2003.00195.x","article-title":"Saturday morning at the jail: Implications of incarceration for families and children","volume":"52","author":"Arditti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Family Relations"},{"key":"2021031200351063800_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.3149\/fth.0303.267","article-title":"\u201cIt\u2019s been hard to be a father\u201d: A qualitative exploration of incarcerated fatherhood","volume":"3","author":"Arditti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fathering"},{"key":"2021031200351063800_CR7","first-page":"375","article-title":"Measuring contact between children and nonresident fathers","volume-title":"Handbook of measurement issues in family research","author":"Argys","year":"2006"},{"key":"2021031200351063800_CR8","first-page":"247","article-title":"Method variance in structural equation modeling: Living with GLOP","volume-title":"Depression and aggression in family interaction","author":"Bank","year":"1990"},{"key":"2021031200351063800_CR9"},{"key":"2021031200351063800_CR10","volume-title":"Separation: Anxiety and anger","author":"Bowlby","year":"1973"},{"key":"2021031200351063800_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3998\/mpub.17629","volume-title":"Doing time on the outside: Incarceration and family life in urban America","author":"Braman","year":"2004"},{"key":"2021031200351063800_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00787","article-title":"Can women provide reliable information about their children\u2019s fathers? 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